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Impacts of Policy Instruments To Reduce Congestion and Emissions From Urban Transportation : the Case of Sao Paulo, Brazil / Anas, Alex
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository (formerly "World Bank E-Library Publications") Available online
View online- Format:
- Book
- Government document
- Author/Creator:
- Anas, Alex
- Series:
- Policy research working papers.
- World Bank e-Library.
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Atmospheric emissions.
- Automobile.
- Automobiles.
- Climate change.
- Congestion.
- Congestion tolls.
- Cost of travel.
- Emissions.
- Environment.
- Fuel.
- Fuel economy.
- Fuel taxes.
- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth.
- Public transit.
- Public transit systems.
- Road.
- Toll.
- Traffic.
- Traffic congestion.
- Transport.
- Transport Economics, Policy and Planning.
- Trip.
- Urban Transportation.
- Local Subjects:
- Atmospheric emissions.
- Automobile.
- Automobiles.
- Climate change.
- Congestion.
- Congestion tolls.
- Cost of travel.
- Emissions.
- Environment.
- Fuel.
- Fuel economy.
- Fuel taxes.
- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth.
- Public transit.
- Public transit systems.
- Road.
- Toll.
- Traffic.
- Traffic congestion.
- Transport.
- Transport Economics, Policy and Planning.
- Trip.
- Urban Transportation.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (30 pages)
- Other Title:
- Impacts Of Policy Instruments To Reduce Congestion And Emissions From Urban Transportation
- Place of Publication:
- Washington, D.C., The World Bank, 2009
- System Details:
- data file
- Summary:
- This study examines impacts on net social benefits or economic welfare of alternative policy instruments for reducing traffic congestion and atmospheric emissions in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The study shows that expanding road networks, subsidizing public transit, and improving automobile fuel economy may not be as effective as suggested by economic theories because these policies could cause significant rebound effects. Although pricing instruments such as congestion tolls and fuel taxes would certainly reduce congestion and emissions, the optimal level of these instruments would steeply increase the monetary cost of travel per trip and are therefore politically difficult to implement. However, a noticeable finding is that even smaller tolls, which are more likely to be politically acceptable, have substantial benefits in terms of reducing congestion and emissions. Among the various policy instruments examined in the study, the most socially preferable policy option for Sao Paulo would be to introduce a mix of congestion toll and fuel taxes on automobiles and use the revenues to improve public transit systems.
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