1 option
Making up People : The Effect of Identity on Preferences and Performance in a Modernizing Society / Karla Hoff
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository (formerly "World Bank E-Library Publications") Available online
View online- Format:
- Book
- Government document
- Author/Creator:
- Hoff, Karla
- Series:
- Policy research working papers.
- World Bank e-Library.
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Arts & Music.
- Educational Sciences.
- Framing effect.
- Gender and Social Development.
- Institutional change.
- Knowledge for Development.
- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth.
- Race in Society.
- Randomized experiment.
- Social identity.
- Stereotype threat.
- Local Subjects:
- Arts & Music.
- Educational Sciences.
- Framing effect.
- Gender and Social Development.
- Institutional change.
- Knowledge for Development.
- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth.
- Race in Society.
- Randomized experiment.
- Social identity.
- Stereotype threat.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (39 pages)
- Other Title:
- Making up People
- Place of Publication:
- Washington, D.C., The World Bank, 2012
- System Details:
- data file
- Summary:
- It is typically assumed that being hard-working or clever is a trait of the person, in the sense that it is always there, in a fixed manner. However, in an experiment with almost 600 boys in India, cues to one's place in the traditional caste order turn out to influence the expression of these traits. The experiment assigned students to different treatments with respect to the salience of caste and had them solve mazes under incentives. It turned out that making caste salient can reduce output by about 25 percent, which is equivalent to twice the effect on output of being one year younger. The channels through which this occurs differ by caste status. For the upper castes, the decline in performance under piece rates can only be explained by a shift in preferences regarding the provision of effort. When the ascriptive caste order is cued, upper-caste individuals may think, "I don't need to excel." In contrast, for the lower castes, which were traditionally "untouchables," publicly revealing caste identity impairs the ability to learn and may lead individuals to think, "I can't (or don't dare to) excel." This paper provides a measure of the impact that ascriptive, hierarchized identities can have on preferences and performance after a society-in its public pronouncements and legislation-has adopted norms of equality in a formal sense. The findings are important because they suggest that when contexts cue identities founded on the superseded rules of a hierarchical institution, the effects on human capital formation and development can be first-order. Contexts that make traditional identities salient are an underemphasized source of impediments to institutional change.
The Penn Libraries is committed to describing library materials using current, accurate, and responsible language. If you discover outdated or inaccurate language, please fill out this feedback form to report it and suggest alternative language.