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Accessibility and Affordability of Tertiary Education in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Peru Within A Global Context / Murakami, Yuki
World Bank Open Knowledge Repository (formerly "World Bank E-Library Publications") Available online
View online- Format:
- Book
- Government document
- Author/Creator:
- Murakami, Yuki
- Series:
- Policy research working papers.
- World Bank e-Library.
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Access and Equity in Basic Education.
- Access to Finance.
- Access to tertiary education.
- Education.
- Education Sector.
- Effective Schools and Teachers.
- Finance and Financial Sector Development.
- Gender equity.
- Human Development.
- Investments in education.
- Papers.
- Primary Education.
- Student assistance.
- Student Loan.
- Tertiary Education.
- Workers.
- Local Subjects:
- Access and Equity in Basic Education.
- Access to Finance.
- Access to tertiary education.
- Education.
- Education Sector.
- Effective Schools and Teachers.
- Finance and Financial Sector Development.
- Gender equity.
- Human Development.
- Investments in education.
- Papers.
- Primary Education.
- Student assistance.
- Student Loan.
- Tertiary Education.
- Workers.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (45 pages)
- Place of Publication:
- Washington, D.C., The World Bank, 2008
- System Details:
- data file
- Summary:
- This paper examines the financing of tertiary education in Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, comparing the affordability and accessibility of tertiary education with that in high-income countries. To measure affordability, the authors estimate education costs, living costs, grants, and loans. Further, they compute the participation rate, attainment rate, and socio-economic equity index in education and the gender equity index as indicators of accessibility. This is the first study attempting to estimate affordability of tertiary education in Latin America within a global context. The analysis combines information from household surveys, expenditure surveys, and administrative and institutional databases. The findings show that families in Latin America have to pay 60 percent of per-capita income for tertiary education per student per year compared with 19 percent in high-income countries. Living costs are significant, at 29 percent of gross domestic product per capita in Latin America (19 percent in high-income countries). Student assistance through grants and loans plays a marginal role in improving affordability. Moreover, the paper confirms previous findings of low access to tertiary education in the region. One policy implication of the findings is that Latin American governments could take steps to make tertiary education more affordable through student assistance.
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