Quantitative Radiobiology for Proton Therapy / Bleddyn Jones.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Jones, Bleddyn, author.

Series:

IPEM-IOP Series in Physics and Engineering in Medicine and Biology Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Radiobiology.

Radiotherapy methods.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (303 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Bristol, England : IOP Publishing, [2024]

Summary:

This book describes the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) issues within proton therapy and advises on how to use a variable RBE within treatment planning and in dose prescription to improve the safety of proton and other forms on ion beam therapy. Decision-making advice is also provided for protocol breaches, retreatments, dose rate effects and risk assessment.

Contents:

Intro

Acknowledgements

Author biographies

Bleddyn Jones

Joshua Moore

Glossary of the main terms and symbols used (some others are given in specific chapters)

Chapter Particle physics for biological interactions

1.1 Physical beam parameters, essential dosimetry and reference (or control) radiation requirements for RBE studies

1.1.1 Straggling and fragmentation

1.1.2 Separation of charged particles with increasing tissue depth

1.1.3 Particle accelerators

1.1.4 Proton range uncertainties

1.2 Physics interacting with biology

1.2.1 Relative biological effect

1.2.2 Choice of the control (or reference) radiation source

1.2.3 Can RBE reduce with the depth of the SOBP placement in the case of passively scattered but not pencil scanned beams?

References

Chapter The essential radiobiology background

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Background and models

2.2.1 The linear quadratic model

2.2.2 Model variants

2.2.3 Biological effective dose

2.2.4 Repopulation allowances

2.2.5 Biological effective dose and repopulation

2.2.6 BED expression of high-LET radiation

2.2.7 Dose rate, total fraction treatment time and incomplete repair between treatment fields

2.2.8 Closely spaced fractions

2.2.9 Hypoxia

2.2.10 Very low doses

2.2.11 Higher doses per fraction

2.3 The α/β ratio and its choice for modelling particle therapies

2.3.1 The α/β ratio

2.3.2 Applications of BED equations

2.3.3 Special considerations for particle therapy

2.4 The design of experiments for RBE determination and other purposes

Chapter Medical and surgical considerations that influence radiation tolerances, including interpretation of clinical trials

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Surgery

3.3 Cytotoxic chemotherapies

3.4 Age and other medical conditions.

3.5 Reductions in prescribed dose

3.6 Interpretation of the case histories and literature

3.7 Clinical trials

3.8 Ethical issues

3.9 Mixed end points

3.10 The importance of follow-up

3.11 Publication bias

Chapter Treatment planning and further medical perspectives

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 Treatment-planning processes

4.1.2 The important interaction of RBE issues with the marginal target volumes

4.1.3 Comparative planning studies

4.1.4 Trade-off situations in comparative treatment planning

4.1.5 How to accommodate assumed errors in RBE

4.1.6 The product of LET and dose

4.1.7 Some final caveats and suggestions

Chapter Historical development of radiotherapy: what was learned from fast neutrons including their linkage with proton relative biological effect

5.1 Introduction

5.2 A brief synopsis

5.3 Neutron therapy

5.4 More recent developments based on neutron studies

5.5 Estimation of neutron RBE from neutron energy

5.6 Some important conclusions

Appendix A

Appendix B

Chapter Fractionation modelling

6.1 Introduction and background radiobiology

6.2 A brief history of fractionation

6.2.1 Radiobiology

6.2.2 A synopsis of clinical fractionation

6.3 Modelling of fractionation

6.3.1 LQ modelling of fractionation in high-LET radiations with inclusion of RBE

6.3.2 BED equations

6.3.3 Converting a specific low-LET BED fractionation to that for high LET, when the low-LET α/β ratio is known, but with no change in overall treatment time

6.3.4 Overall fractionation differences between low- and high-LET radiations

6.3.5 Boost doses

6.3.6 Converting a specific low-LET BED fractionation to that for high LET, when the low-LET α/β ratio is known, but with a change in overall treatment time.

6.3.7 Alternative approach for isoeffect calculations in the case of two high-LET schedules

6.3.8 Differences in exposure times

6.3.9 RBE and dose per fraction: clinical implications

6.3.10 Effects of regions of higher and lower dose per fraction relative to the prescribed dose for different fractionation patterns

6.3.11 Taking RBE uncertainty into account in fractionation

6.4 The use of the linear quadratic model with large fraction sizes

6.5 Optimisation of fractionation using calculus methods

6.6 Other contributions to fractionation

6.7 Summary

Chapter The scientific case for using a variable proton RBE rather than a constant RBE

7.1 Introduction

7.1.1 Arguments to preserve the status quo or avoid using RBE

7.1.2 Justification of a variable RBE

7.2 Discussion

7.2.1 Inclusion of flexible RBEs in treatment plans

Chapter A general RBE linear energy-efficiency model for protons and light ions

8.1 Introduction

8.2 The available experimental data and its important limitations

8.3 Description of the Z-specific model

8.3.1 The relationship between Z and LETU

8.3.2 Changes in the radiosensitivities with LET

8.3.3 Obtaining αH and βH values

8.3.4 An alternative method which does not use LETU but the slope of the radiosensitivity or measured RBE increments with increasing LET (up to the turnover point)

8.3.5 The RBE at any specified dose per fraction

8.4 The graphical results

8.4.1 Radiosensitivity data

8.4.2 Fits to experimental RBE data sets

8.4.3 Applications of the model to clinical radiobiology

8.5 Further investigations: properties of LETU

8.6 Conclusions and what remains to be done

Chapter Inclusion of the energy-efficiency LET and RBE model in proton therapy

9.1 Introduction

9.2 RBE uncertainties.

9.3 Description of the quantitative model

9.4 RBE graphical examples

9.5 Some comparisons with experimental data sets

9.6 Two clinical examples where PBT could be sub-optimal

9.6.1 Prostate cancer

9.6.2 Paediatric cancers and other radiosensitive tumours such as lymphomas

9.7 Prediction of tumour response from the RBE increment

9.8 Intensification of dose rates

9.9 Concluding discussion

Chapter Proton therapy risk assessment using small increments in RBE in the central nervous system and estimation of remission times

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Methods

10.3 Results

10.3.1 Remission duration considerations

10.4 Discussion

10.5 Conclusions

Chapter Radiobiological interpretation of the finding of RBE changes within similar SOBPs placed at superficial and deep locations in passively scattered beams but not in scanned pencil beams

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Methods

11.2.1 Linear quadratic model base equations

11.2.2 The modelling method

11.3 Results

11.4 Discussion

11.5 Conclusions

Chapter Particle therapy dose-time compensations in unintended interruptions and re-treatments

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Unintended treatment interruptions

12.2.1 Background

12.2.2 Treatment delays

12.2.3 Calculations for compensation of treatment interruptions

12.2.4 Calculations using a variable RBE value

12.2.5 Comparison of the two methods

12.2.6 Summary for unintended treatment gap corrections

12.3 Re-treatments

12.3.1 Background

Chapter Errors of Bragg peak positioning and their radio-biological correction

13.1 Introduction

13.1.1 Further abbreviations and definitions

13.1.2 Background considerations

13.1.3 Brief description of methods

13.2 Model description

13.2.1 Biological effective dose equations.

13.2.2 Assessment of BED changes after an error

13.2.3 Worked examples of errors and their correction

13.2.4 The potential impact of erroneous fractions on tumour control

13.3 Conclusions

Chapter What remains to be done: including FLASH dose rates and conclusions

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Dose escalation where circumstances permit

14.3 Simultaneous 'sensitisation' effects by new therapies

14.4 Sensitivity analysis of the energy-efficiency model

14.5 What could be achieved in a single international laboratory dedicated to high-LET radiobiology

14.5.1 Simulated experiments

14.5.2 Uniqueness of LETU for each ion species

14.5.3 Priority in radiobiological experiments

14.6 Some untested situations

14.7 Conclusions

References.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Jones, Bleddyn Quantitative Radiobiology for Proton Therapy

ISBN:

9780750362092

OCLC:

1451139882