Ventilator induced lung injury in non-invasive ventilatory support : pathophysiology, treatment and prevention / Antonio M. Esquinas, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Esquinas, Antonio M., editor.

Series:

Pulmonary and Respiratory Diseases and Disorders Series

Pulmonary and respiratory diseases and disorders

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Respirators (Medical equipment).

Respiratory insufficiency--Equipment and supplies.

Respiratory insufficiency.

Lungs--Wounds and injuries--Equipment and supplies.

Lungs.

Artificial respiration--Equipment and supplies.

Artificial respiration.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (258 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., [2023]

Summary:

"This book describes the impact that can be had on treatments in patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, etc.) The impact that COVID-19 has had on a large number of patients treated and a large demand for these techniques. This book describes these treatment options and how they should be applied to avoid inducing damage or injury associated with the patient, a concept that has been called "patient self-inflicted lung injury". This book discusses its importance in the prognosis and mortality of patients"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preface

Chapter 1

Epidemiology

Abstract

Introduction

Conclusion

References

Chapter 2

Dyspnea in Spontaneous Acute Lung Injury: Pathophysiology

Clinical Definition of ALI/ARDS

Pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS

Clinical Presentation in ALI/ARDS

Dyspnea in ALI/ARDS

Treatment of Dyspnea

Chapter 3

Lung Mechanics and Inflammatory Response

Etiology

Intrathoracic Pressures

Barotrauma and Volutrauma

Atelectrauma

Biotrauma

Other Mechanisms Involved

Lung Damage Induced by Non-Invasive Mechanical Ventilation

Chapter 4

Barotrauma, Volutrauma and Atelectrauma: Pathophysiology

Definitions

Pathophysiology

Chapter 5

Non-Invasive Ventilation and Biotrauma: Pathophysiology

Overview

Cytopathology

Biomarkers in Biotrauma

The Link between Biotrauma and Ventilogenomics

Management of Biotrauma

Chapter 6

Positive End-Expiratory Pressure and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury: Mechanisms and Clinical Recommendations

Pathophysiological Role of PEEP in VILI Atelectrauma

Clinical Considerations: Clinical Trials on PEEP in ARDS

Future Directions

Radiological Phenotypes

Assessing Individualized Recruitability

Chapter 7

Time Course of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury

Mechanisms of VILI

Mechanical Power

Inspiratory Effort

Mechanisms of P-SILI

How to Reduce the Risk of P-SILI during Noninvasive Respiratory Support

Non-invasive Respiratory Support

Chapter 8

Hyperoxic Acute Lung Injury: Pathophysiology.

Abstract

Evidence from Clinical Studies

Long-term Oxygen Therapy in Chronic Lung Disease

Chapter 9

Ventilatory Approaches and High-Flow Nasal Cannula: Clinical Implications

Physiological Aspects of Spontaneous Breathing

Benefits of Spontaneous Breathing during HFNC

Potential Harmful Effects of Spontaneous Breathing during HFNC

Strategies to Make Spontaneous Breathing Less Injurious during High-Flow Oxygen

General Measures

Pharmacologic Agents

Application of PEEP

Application of Non-Invasive Respiratory Support Modalities

High-Flow Nasal Cannula

Monitoring Spontaneous Breathing during HFNC

Chapter 10

Ventilatory Mode Approaches

Non-Invasive Pressure Support Ventilation: Ventilatory Modes

Ventilator Setting

Complications

Barotrauma

Aspiration Pneumonia

Chapter 11

High Frequency Non-Invasive Ventilation

High-Frequency Percussive Ventilation (HFPV) or Pulsative-Flow Ventilation (PFV)

Chapter 12

A Summary of Animal Studies and Clinical Implications

Volutrauma

Pathophysiology of VILI

The Role of End-Inspiratory Stress/Strain

The Role of End-Expiratory Stress/Strain

Research on VILI

Alternative Animal Experimentation

Chapter 13

Pathophysiology, Treatment and Prevention

Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

Chapter 14

Non-Invasive Negative Pressure Ventilation and Prevention of Lung Injuries

Introduction.

Physiology of Positive Pressure Ventilation

Ventilator Induced Lung Injury (VILI)

Physiology

Which Causes More Harm: The Pressure or the Volume?

Could NIPPV be Harmful?

NPV Physiology

NPV Devices

Modes of NPV

NPV Settings

Indications to Use NPV

Chapter 15

Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury in Preterm Infants

Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury: Mechanisms

Chapter 16

Management and Prevention of Ventilator Lung Injury in Children and Neonates with CPAP

Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury with CPAP

Therapeutic Strategies for Prevention and Management of Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury

Patient Selection

Does the Patient Have Any Contraindications to NIV?

Is It Expected That NIV Will be Adequate to Stabilize and/or Reverse the Current Respiratory Status?

Will the Patient Tolerate the Therapy?

Is There Any Identifiable Predictor of NIV Failure and What Is the Potential Risk of Complications Secondary to Failing to Protect the Airway?

Risks and Complications of CPAP

Chapter 17

Surfactant Therapy in Prevention of Lung Injury in Neonates

Lung Development

Physiology of Surfactant

Mechanisms and Types of Lung Injury

Modes of Surfactant Delivery

Synthetic Surfactants

Surfactant Therapy in Children and Adolescents

Surfactant Therapy in Neonates

Surfactant Therapy in ECMO

Surfactant as a Biomarker for ARDS

Adverse Effects

Chapter 18

Lung-Protective Ventilation Strategies in Preterm Infants

Reduction of Lung Injury during Neonatal Resuscitation in the Delivery Room

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure.

Positive Pressure Ventilation

Strategies to Reduce Lung Injury during Respiratory Support in NICU

Non-Invasive Ventilation

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

Volume-Targeted Ventilation

High Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation

Automated Control of Fraction of Inspired Oxygen

Chapter 19

Biological Markers of Ventilator-Associated Lung Injury: Experimental and Clinical Studies

Biologic Markers of Inflammation in Clinical Studies

Clinical Studies with Acute Lung Injury

Clinical Studies without Acute Lung Injury

Combined Experimental and Clinical Studies

Experimental Studies of Ventilator-Attributable Lung Injury

Cytokines and Chemokines in Experimental Studies: Isolated Lung Models

In Vivo Models of VALI

Chapter 20

Monitoring Techniques: The Pressure/Volume Curve

Building a P/V Curve

Interpretation P/V Curve

Inspiratory Limb

Expiratory Limb

Clinical Relevance of P/V Monitoring

Caveats and Future Perspectives

Chapter 21

Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support and Patient Self-Induced Lung Injury: Pathophysiology

Conditions in NIV-Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure

Diagnosis of P-SILI

Therapeutic Interventions

Index

Editor's Contact Information

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Other Format:

Print version: Esquinas, Antonio M. Ventilator Induced Lung Injury in Non-Invasive Ventilatory Support: Pathophysiology, Treatment and Prevention

ISBN:

979-88-86978-87-2