Neuroglia in Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders. Part II / edited by Alexei Verkhratsky [and three others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Verkhratskiĭ, A. N. (Alekseĭ Nestorovich), editor.

Series:

Handbook of clinical neurology ; Volume 210.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology Series ; Volume 210

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Nervous system--Diseases.

Nervous system.

Neuroglia.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (916 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier B.V., [2025]

Summary:

Neuroglia in Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders, Part II discusses glia relative to neurologic and psychiatric disorders, emphasizing cross-disease-glial cell dysfunctions.Driven by advances in genetics, transcriptomics, electrophysiologic and imaging techniques, as well as by the increase in knowledge on neuropathologic features and underlying.

Contents:

Front Cover

Neuroglia in Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders, Part II

Copyright

Handbook of Clinical Neurology 3rd Series

Foreword

Preface

Contributors

Contents

Part I: Glia in neurological disorders

Chapter 1: General pathophysiology of neuroglia

Neuroglia in Neuropathology: Historic Prelude

Principles of Pathophysiology of Neuroglia

Conclusions

References

Chapter 2: Neuroglia in neurodegeneration: Alzheimer, Parkinson, and Huntington disease

Introduction: The Rise of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neuroglia in Alzheimer Disease

Brief overview of AD pathogenesis and clinical presentation

AD mouse models

FAD-linked mutations recapitulate selected features of human pathology

Are existing mouse models useful to study neuroglial AD-related pathology?

Human iPSC-derived astrocytes in AD research

Astrocytes in AD

Morphologic changes: Reactivity and atrophy

Functional significance of astrocytic changes in AD: Homeostatic failure and glial paralysis

Calcium signaling in AD astrocytes

Microglia in AD

Oligodendrocytes in AD

Myelin breakdown in AD

Oligodendroglia malfunction in AD

White matter abnormalities

Neuroglia in PD

Brief overview of PD pathogenesis and clinical picture

PD animal models

Chemical PD models

Genetic models of PD

iPSC-derived astrocytes in PD research

Astrocytes in PD

Microglia in PD

Oligodendrocytes and myelin in PD

Neuroglia in Huntington Disease

Brief overview of HD pathogenesis and clinical picture

HD animal models

Neurotoxin-mediated striatal lesions

Mouse HD models

Astrocytes in HD

Morphologic changes of astrocytes in HD

Alterations of neurotransmitter homeostasis and K+ buffering

Reduced BDNF release by HD astrocytes

Microglia in HD

Oligodendrocytes and myelin in HD

Astrotaupathies.

Conclusions

Conflict of interest

Funding

Chapter 3: Neuroglia in neurodegeneration: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia

Introduction

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Frontotemporal dementia

Animal Models of ALS and FTD

SOD1 rodent models of ALS

TDP-43 rodent models of ALS and FTD

Chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72) mutant models of ALS and FTD

TBK1 mutant models of ALS and FTD

OPTN mutant models of ALS and FTD

Glial Involvement in ALS/FTD: In Human Evidence

Glial histopathology in ALS and FTD: Postmortem evidence

In vivo imaging of glia in ALS and FTD

The Role of Glia in ALS and FTD

Astrocytes in ALS and FTD

Microglia in ALS and FTD

Oligodendrocytes in ALS and FTD

Glia-immunity cross talk

Glial Biomarkers in CSF and Blood

Glial-Based Clinical Trials in ALS and FTD

Chapter 4: Neuroglia in epilepsy

Epilepsy

Glia

Astroglia

Astroglia and the BBB in epilepsy

The blood-brain barrier

BBB perturbations

Astroglial contribution to BBB perturbations

Cellular and molecular changes to astroglia in epilepsy

Astroglial contribution to water and K+ homeostasis

Astroglial contribution to glutamate metabolism

Glutamate transporters

Glutamate receptors

Glutamine synthetase

Astroglial contribution to adenosine metabolism

Astroglial gap junctions

Astroglial contribution to immune and inflammatory functions in the context of epilepsy

Astroglia act as antigen presenting cells in cerebral innate immunity

Astroglia modulate cerebral adaptive immunity through cytokine and chemokine secretion

Microglia

Oligodendroglia

Demyelination and epilepsy

Cellular and molecular changes to oligodendroglia in epilepsy

Potential Glial Therapeutic Targets

References.

Chapter 5: Neuroglia pathology in genetic and epigenetic disorders of the central nervous system

MicroRNAs of Individual Glial Cells

Examples of Genetic/Metabolic Diseases in Which Glial Cells Are Altered

Agenesis of the corpus callosum

Alexander disease

Rett syndrome

Fragile-X syndrome

Aicardi-Goutières syndrome

Down syndrome

Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

Other Neuropathological Features That Involve Glial Cells

Satellitosis

α-B-crystallin as a glial marker of epileptic foci

Loss of subpial granular glial layer of Brun

Fetal astrocytic synthesis of keratan sulfate to guide axonal projections and insulate fascicles

Acknowledgments

Ethics committee approval

Disclosures

Chapter 6: Neuroglia in stroke

Historic Prelude: From Hippocratic Apoplexy to Stroke

Stroke: General Remarks

Loss of Ion, Water, and Metabolic Homeostasis in the Ischemic Core and Penumbra

Astrocytes in Stroke: Neuroprotection and Reactive Astrogliosis

Astrocytic protection of neurons

Astrocytic perilesional limitans border formation around fibrotic scar tissue

Neuroglia and Brain-Wide Poststroke Pathology

Oligodendrocytes and White Matter Stroke

Microglia in Stroke

Chapter 7: Unraveling the complexity of microglial responses in traumatic brain and spinal cord injury

Origin and Function of Microglia

Microglia in the Injured CNS: Primed for Immune Dysfunction and Chronic Neuroinflammation

Identification of Novel Microglial Phenotypic States in CNS Injury States

Microglia as a Therapeutic Target in TBI

Could Microglial Elimination or Forced Turnover in the Injured Brain be Neuroprotective for TBI?

Understanding Microglia Responses in Large Animal Models of TBI.

Microglia in Human TBI: What Is the Current Evidence of Their Phenotypic and Functional Roles?

The Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Microglia Responses in SCI

Conclusion

Chapter 8: Astrocytes and microglia in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica

Historic Prelude

Overview of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica

Overview of Neuroglia in the Context of MS and NMO

Microglia in Multiple Sclerosis

Microglial phenotypes

Microglia contribution to pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

Astrocytes in Multiple Sclerosis

Cross Talk Between Astrocytes and Microglia

Neurodegeneration as a Feature of MS: Role for Neuroglia

Neuroglia as a Therapeutic Target in Multiple Sclerosis

Targeting microglia

Targeting astrocytes

Neuroglia in NMO

Astrocytes

Interaction of microglia and astrocytes with immune cells

Interaction of microglia and astrocytes with brain resident cells

Neuroglia as a Therapeutic Target in NMO

Chapter 9: Neuroglia in autoimmune encephalitis

Autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy

Oligodendrocytes

MOG ab-associated AE

Conclusions and Future Perspectives

Chapter 10: Neuroglia in leukodystrophies

Astroglial Leukodystrophies

Vanishing white matter disease

Histopathologic features of VWM astrocytes

Relating astrocytic malfunction to the pathologies of other cells

Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts

Loss of function of astrocytes in MLC

Effects of MLC1/GlialCAM mutations on astrocyte function

Role of astrocyte malfunction in oligodendrocytes and myelin pathology in MLC

Aicardi-Goutières syndrome.

Genetic Etiology, Molecular Pathogenesis, and Genotype-Phenotype Correlation

Oligodendroglial Leukodystrophies

Krabbe disease or globoid cell leukodystrophy

Adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy

Metachromatic leukodystrophy

Canavan disease

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease

Hypomyelination with atrophy of basal ganglia and cerebellum

Microglial Leukodystrophies

Polycystic lipomembranous osteodysplasia with sclerosing leukoencephalopathy or Nasu-Hakola disease

Hereditary adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia

Acknowledgment

Chapter 11: Reciprocal interactions between glioma and tissue-resident cells fueling tumor progression

TAM-Glioma Cell Interactions

Soluble Factors Mediating TAM-Glioma Cross Talk

Chemokines

Cytokines

Neurotrophic factors

miRNAs

Oncometabolite D-2HG

Modulation of the extracellular matrix

Contributions of TAM-Glioma Interactions for Tumor Behavior

Impact of glioma cells on TAM spatial organization

Impact of glioma cells on TAM polarization

Glioma cells drive the metabolic reprogramming of TAMs

Impact of TAMs on tumor growth

Impact of TAMs on tumor migration and invasion

Neuron-Glioma Interactions

Neuronal activity promotes tumor growth while glioma cells affect local neuronal network activities

Synaptic influences on glioma cells

Glutamatergic signaling and glioma excitatory drive

GABAergic signaling and chloride regulation in gliomas

Concluding remarks

Chapter 12: Neuroglia in hepatic encephalopathy

Hepatic Encephalopathy: Basic Information

Types of HE

Causes

Symptoms

Experimental Models

Alzheimer II Astrocytes: The Response of Astrocytes to Chronic HE

Metabolic Remodeling of Astrocytes at the Onset of ALF.

Astrocytic Impact on the Excitation/Inhibition Balance.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9780443191039

0443191034

9780443191022

0443191026

OCLC:

1513305873