Supercapacitor technology : materials, processes and architectures / edited by Inamuddin [three others].

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Inamuddin, editor.

Series:

Materials Research Foundations Series

Materials Research Foundations Series ; v.61

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Supercapacitors.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (273 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Millersville, PA : Materials Research Forum LLC, [2019]

Summary:

The book covers inorganic, organic and gel-polymer electrolytes, electrodes and separators used in different types of supercapacitors. Keywords: Supercapacitors, Rechargeable Batteries, Organic Electrolytes, Inorganic Electrolytes, Gel Polymer based Supercapacitors, Redox Electrolytes, Starch-Based Electrolytes, Flexible Supercapacitors, Pseudocapacitors, Carbon Nanoarchitectures for Supercapacitors, Photo-Supercapacitors, Bimetal Oxides/Sulfides for Electrochemical Supercapacitors.

Contents:

Intro

front-matter

Table of Contents

Preface

1

Organic Electrolytes for Supercapacitors

1. Introduction

2. Solvents

3. Solutes

4. Different electrode materials conjunction with their organic electrolytes

Conclusion

References

2

Inorganic Electrolytes in Supercapacitor

2. Taxonomy of supercapacitor

3. Fundamentals of supercapacitor

4. Parameters affected by electrolyte

5. Electrolyte

5.1 Liquid electrolyte

5.1.1 Aqueous electrolytes

5.1.2 Organic electrolytes (OEs)

5.1.3 Ionic electrolytes

5.2 Solid or quasi-solid electrolytes

5.2.1 Polymer electrolytes (Solid state organic electrolytes)

5.2.2 Inorganic solid state electrolytes

3

Gel Polymer Electrolytes for Supercapacitor Applications

2. Gel polymer electrolytes

2.1 Li-ion based gel polymer electrolytes

2.2 Proton conducting gel polymer electrolyte

2.3 Alkaline based gel polymer electrolytes

2.4 Ionic liquid based gel polymer based electrolyte

4

Redox Electrolytes/Mediators for Supercapacitors

2. Types of Supercapacitors

2.1 Carbon EDLC

2.2 Metal oxide supercapacitors

2.3 Conducting polymer supercapacitors

2.4 Redox electrolyte supercapacitors

2.5 Hybrid supercapacitors

2.6 Supercapacitor versus rechargeable battery

2.7 The limitation of capacity by number of ions in the electrolyte

2.8 Metrics for performance evaluation

3. Redox species or mediators in electrolytes

4. Redox electrolyte-mediator supercapacitors

5. Solid-state Redox electrolyte-mediator supercapacitors

6. Nanomaterials based redox electrolyte supercapacitors

5

Separators for Supercapacitors

1. Introduction.

2. Properties of separators for supercapacitors

3. Motivation

4. Cellulose separator

5. Filter paper as a separator

6. Glass wool as a separator

7. Polymer

7.1 Poly (vinylidene fluoride)-based separator

7.2 Poly (aryl ether sulfone) separator

7.3 Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-based separator

7.4 Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)

7.5 Conductive polymer

7.6 Polymer modification

7.7 Composite Gel/Membrane

7.8 Biomass and biowaste materials as a separator

8. Graphene oxide (GO) separator

Conclusions and perspectives

6

Starch-Based Electrolytes: An Eco-Friendly and Economical Option for Flexible Supercapacitor

2. Starch-based mixed polymer electrolytes

3. Starch-based electrolyte using glutaraldehyde as crosslinker

3.1 Synthesis protocol of glutaraldehyde crosslinked starch-based electrolyte

3.2 Electrochemical behavior of GA crosslinked starch electrolytes

Summary

7

Pseudocapacitors

2. Redox pseudocapacitive electrode materials

2.1 Transition metal oxides

2.2 Transition metal sulfides

2.3 Metal nitrides nanomaterials

2.4 Layered metal hydroxides

2.5 Conducting polymers

3. Intercalation Pseudocapacitive electrode materials

3.1 Metal oxides

3.2 Lithium/Sodium metal oxide-based electrode

3.3 Transition metal carbides

Conclusions

Rrferences

8

Carbon Nanoarchitectures for Supercapacitor Applications

1.1 Capacitors

1.2 Supercapacitors

1.3 Supercapacitors vs. batteries

1.4 Electrical energy storage in supercapacitors

1.4.1 Electric double layer capacitance

1.4.2 Pseudocapacitance

1.5 Construction of a supercapacitor cell

1.6 Carbon as electrode

1.6.1 Change in electrical properties of carbon materials.

2. Electrochemical characterization of EDLC based carbon materials

2.1 Cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies of carbon electrode based supercapacitors

2.2 Galvanostatic charge/discharge for EDLC based carbon electrodes

2.3 Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for carbon electrodes

3. Various architectures of carbon as supercapacitor electrodes

3.1 Activated materials

3.1.1 Activated carbon

3.1.1.1 Carbonization

3.1.1.2 Activation

3.1.1.3 Modifying the surface of activated carbons

3.1.1.4 Supercapacitance exhibited by activated carbons

3.1.2 Carbon fibres

3.1.3 Carbon aerogels

3.1.3.1 Activated carbon aerogels

3.1.4 Glassy carbon

3.1.4.1 Activated glassy carbons

3.2 Non-activated materials

3.2.1 Carbon blacks

3.2.2 Carbide-derived carbons

3.3 Graphene-structured materials

3.3.1 Fullerenes: 0D

3.3.2 Carbon Nanotubes: 1D

3.3.3 Graphene sheets: 2D

3.3.4 Vertical Graphene Nanowalls: 3D

List of Abbreviations

9

Photo-Supercapacitor

2. Mechanism of photo-supercapacitor

3. Research progress on photo-supercapacitors

Summary and Future Scope

10

Novel Bimetal Oxides/Sulfides Composites Electrodes for Electrochemical Supercapacitors

2. Fundamentals of electrochemical supercapacitors

2.1 Electric double-layer capacitance (EDLC)

2.2 Pseudocapacitors

2.3 Symmetric supercapacitors

2.4 Asymmetric supercapacitors

3. Electrode materials

3.1 Metal oxides/sulfides

3.1.1 Nickel oxide (NiO) based supercapacitors

3.1.2 Nickel sulfide (Ni3S2) based supercapacitors

3.1.3 Zinc oxide (ZnO) based supercapacitors

3.2 Bimetal oxides/sulfides composites

3.2.1 Nickel molybdenum oxide based supercapacitors

3.2.2 Cobalt molybdenum oxide based supercapacitors.

3.2.3 Iron cobalt oxygen based supercapacitors

3.2.4 Iron cobalt sulfur based supercapacitors

4. Electrolytes

4.1 Aqueous electrolytes

4.2 Organic electrolytes

5. Synthesis approach for electrode materials

5.1 In-Situ polymerization

5.2 Direct coating

5.3 Chemical vapor deposition (CVD)

5.4 Hydrothermal synthesis

5.5 Vacuum filtration technique

6. Performances of supercapacitors

7. Trends, challenges, and future tasks in supercapacitors

back-matter

Keyword Index

About the Editors.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

1-64490-049-1

OCLC:

1127932478