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Colorectal imaging : from basic to advanced concepts / edited by Luca Saba.
- Format:
- Book
- Language:
- English
- Subjects (All):
- Colon (Anatomy)--Radiography.
- Colon (Anatomy).
- Rectum--Radiography.
- Rectum.
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource (533 pages)
- Edition:
- First edition.
- Place of Publication:
- Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier, [2025]
- Summary:
- Colorectal Imaging: From Basic to Advanced Concepts provides an exhaustive overview of today's basic and advanced principles of colorectal imaging, focusing not only on oncologic but also inflammatory, infective, and ischemic pathologies and complications.
- Contents:
- Intro
- Colorectal Imaging: From Basic to Advanced Concepts
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Section 1: Colorectal cancer basic information
- Chapter 1: Colorectal cancer: Biology and pathology
- Introduction
- Dysplasia of the colorectal mucosa
- Adenomas
- Familial adenomatous polyposis
- Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
- MUTYH-associated polyposis
- Lynch syndrome
- Histological report and staging
- Molecular pathology of CRC
- MSI testing
- KRAS testing
- BRAF testing
- Artificial intelligence and CRC
- Conclusions
- References
- Chapter 2: Principles of surgical treatment
- Presurgical phase
- Clinical assessment
- Anoscopy
- Colonoscopy
- Surgical preparation
- Multidisciplinary team
- Prophylaxis
- General principles of colorectal surgery
- Techniques
- Ileocolic resection
- Right hemicolectomy
- Transverse colon, left colonic flexure resection
- Anterior rectal resection
- Hartmann's resection
- Abdominal resection (Miles's procedure)
- Total colectomy
- Surgical strategies
- Specific considerations on restoration of bowel continuity
- Type of anastomosis
- Intestinal stomas
- Surgical principles for colorectal benign disease
- Inflammatory bowel diseases
- Epidemiology
- Etiology
- Complications of IBD
- Ulcerative colitis
- Crohn's disease
- Diverticular disease
- Indication for surgery
- Uncomplicated acute diverticulitis in an immunocompetent patient
- Acute diverticulitis with CT findings of pericolic gas
- Acute diverticulitis with abscess
- Acute diverticulitis with CT findings of distant gas
- Diverticular perforation and diffuse peritonitis
- Colorectal cancer
- Surgical oncologic principles
- Surgical management of colon cancer
- Cancerized polyps.
- Pathological features and risk assessment
- Clinical and patient-specific considerations
- Endoscopic excision techniques
- Locally advanced colon cancer (stage I-III)
- Surgical management of rectal cancer
- Stage I
- Transanal endoscopic operations: TEM, TEO, TAMIS
- Surgical resection
- Stage II-III resectable (cT3-4 e/o N1-2)
- Nonoperative management for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy
- Stage II-III unresectable
- Chapter 3: Systemic therapies for localized colon cancer and metastatic colorectal cancer
- Principles of treatment
- Types of systemic therapy
- Cytotoxic chemotherapy
- Fluoropyrimidines
- Oxaliplatin
- Irinotecan
- Therapies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor
- Therapies targeting BRAF
- Therapies targeting angiogenesis
- Immunotherapy
- Current treatment pathways
- Localized colon cancer
- Adjuvant chemotherapy
- Neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- Metastatic colorectal cancer
- Resectable disease
- Unresectable disease
- First-line therapy
- Second-line therapy
- Third-line therapy
- Future developments
- Adaptation of existing therapies
- Novel therapies
- Embracing new technologies
- Chapter 4: Radiotherapy: The role of imaging in the management of rectal cancer
- Early
- Locally advanced
- Advanced
- Role of imaging in staging
- Tumor location
- Tumoral staging: cT
- Nodal staging: cN
- PET-TC role
- High-risk factors
- Tumor deposits
- EMVI
- Mucinous tumor
- Target volume definition and delineation
- MRI in response assessment in rectal cancer after neoadjuvant treatments
- Posttreatment changes in tumor signal
- Role of MRI in evaluating lymph nodes posttreatment
- Defining complete clinical response
- Follow-up
- Follow-up on watch-and-wait strategy and organ preservation.
- Future perspectives: The use of radiomic parameters in rectal cancer response assessment
- Section 2: Colorectal cancer imaging
- Chapter 5: CT imaging of colon cancer
- Diagnostic and screening principles
- CT imaging
- Computed tomography colonography (CTC)
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Colon preparation
- Bowel cleansing
- Diet
- Cathartic agents
- Residual fluid/solid fecal tagging: Oral contrast
- Minimal preparation CT (MPCT) techniques
- Colon distention
- Balloon catheter
- Gas insufflation technique
- Spasmolytics
- Complications: Perforation
- CTC scanning technique
- Parameters
- Intravenous contrast (IVC) and CTC protocols
- Decubitus
- Distention grade evaluation
- 2D and 3D image interpretation and reporting
- Features of colonic polyps at CTC
- Size
- Features of colonic masses at CTC
- Classification of colonic lesions: C-RADS
- Pitfalls and differential diagnoses
- Mimicking polyps
- Polyps vs stools
- Sticky solid colonic residue
- Colonic diverticula
- Gas bubbles
- Ileocecal valve
- Lipoma
- Mimicking stenotic mass
- Transient colonic spasm
- Diverticular disease stricture
- Particular case: flat polyps
- Standard CT
- Staging CT protocol
- Preparation
- Scanning technique
- Reporting: Colon cancer CT Features
- Morphology and composition
- Clinical TNM staging
- Locoregional staging
- T staging
- Imaging T morphological criteria: limitations and challenges
- T1-T2: limited to the bowel wall
- T3: Invasion into the pericolic fat
- T4: Invading serosa and beyond
- T staging accuracy
- Extramural vascular invasion (EMVI)
- N staging
- Suspicious nodes (N+): Criteria and accuracy
- Location
- Distant staging: M evaluation
- CT Follow-up role
- Liver metastases
- Typical appearance of colorectal cancer liver metastasis.
- Accuracy of imaging
- Lung metastases
- Typical appearance of colorectal cancer lung metastases
- Peritoneal metastases
- Imaging features of peritoneal carcinosis on CT
- Colon cancer complications: Diagnosis in emergency setting
- Colonic obstruction
- Imaging findings
- Intussusception
- Colonic perforation
- Conclusion and new prospectives
- Chapter 6: CT imaging of rectal cancer
- Rectum anatomy
- Pathophysiology
- Symptoms
- Risk factors and correlated diseases
- Familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome
- The role of CT
- Basics of rectal tumor appearance on CT
- History
- MRI comparison
- Where does CT scan fit in?
- Exam protocol
- CT staging
- N-staging
- M-staging
- Imaging of metastatic disease
- Hematogenous spread
- Lymph node spread
- The importance of CT in follow-up
- CT colonography
- Protocol
- Rectal colonography evaluation
- Rectal polyps in CT colonoscopy
- Local complications
- Recurrent disease
- New frontiers
- PET-CT
- Dual-energy CT
- Radiomics
- Photon counting computed tomography
- Chapter 7: US Imaging of rectal cancer
- Technique of examination
- Interpretation of ERUS findings
- Other features
- Evaluation of response to neoadjuvant therapy
- Special techniques
- Chapter 8: MR imaging of rectal cancer
- Conducting high-quality MR examinations
- Anatomy of the rectum and surrounding structures
- Boundaries of the rectum
- Rectal wall
- Anal canal and pelvic floor
- Mesorectal fascia
- Peritoneum and peritoneal reflection
- Extramesorectal organs and structures
- Vascular supply
- Lymph nodes
- Morphological characteristics of rectal tumors
- Tumor height and length.
- Polypoid vs sessile tumors
- Solid vs mucinous tumors
- Local invasion and T-staging
- Mesorectal fascia involvement
- Lymph node assessment
- Regional lymph nodes: Mesorectal lymph nodes
- Regional lymph nodes: Lateral lymph nodes
- Non-regional lymph nodes
- Risk stratification
- Future directions
- Conclusion
- Chapter 9: Posttreatment imaging of colorectal cancer
- Colon cancer
- Imaging after chemotherapy
- Neoadjuvant therapy
- Adjuvant therapy
- Imaging after surgery
- Types of surgery
- Normal postoperative findings
- Postoperative complications
- Imaging of recurrence
- Rectal cancer
- Response evaluation after neoadjuvant treatment
- MRI protocol
- Evaluation of tumor response
- T2 imaging
- Diffusion-weighted imaging
- Evaluation of lymph nodes
- Evaluation of regrowth and recurrence
- Regrowth during watch-and-wait
- Luminal regrowth
- Nodal regrowth
- Recurrence after resection
- Chapter 10: Lymph node imaging in colorectal cancer
- Lymph node groups relevant to the colon and rectum
- Lymph node imaging in colon cancer
- The need for preoperative risk stratification
- The role of CT in predicting positive lymph nodes
- Lymph node size/diameter
- Internal heterogeneity
- Lymph node clustering
- Irregularity of the outer border
- Lymph node shape
- The role of CT in predicting clinical outcomes
- Pathways of colorectal cancer spread
- CT extramural venous invasion
- Extranodal tumor deposits
- The CT-TDV staging system
- MRI and local staging of colon cancer
- Mismatch repair status and local staging of colon cancer.
- Lymph node imaging in rectal cancer.
- Notes:
- Includes bibliographical references and index.
- Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.
- Description based on print version record.
- ISBN:
- 9780443290497
- 0443290490
- OCLC:
- 1500763876
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