Airborne radioactive discharges and human and environmental health effects / Peter A. Bryant.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Bryant, Peter A., author.

Contributor:

Institute of Physics (Great Britain), publisher.

Series:

IOP (Series). Release 24.

IOP ebooks. 2024 collection.

[IOP release $release]

IOP ebooks. [2024 collection]

Standardized Title:

Airborne radioactive discharges and human health effects

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Radioactive pollution of the atmosphere.

Radiation--Health aspects.

Local Subjects:

Radioactive pollution of the atmosphere.

Radiation--Health aspects.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (various pagings) : illustrations (some color).

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Bristol [England] (Temple Circus, Temple Way, Bristol BS1 6HG, UK) : IOP Publishing, [2024]

System Details:

Mode of access: World Wide Web.

System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader, EPUB reader, or Kindle reader.

Biography/History:

Peter Bryant is an experienced Environmental and Radiation Protection Professional & Scientist within the Nuclear Power and Contaminated Land Sectors with over 15 years' experience working across the Nuclear Fuel Cycle. Pete has a wealth of experience in the areas of Environment, Sustainability, Radiation Protection, Emergency Preparedness and Decommissioning in Design including holding several senior roles within the UK's New Nuclear Build Sector.He is active with the International Scientific and Policy Arena of the Nuclear Industry including as a member of the International Commission on Radiation Protection Task Group 120 on Radiological Protection for Radiation Emergencies and Malicious Events, the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency Expert Group on International Recommendations (EGIR), World Nuclear Association Radiation Protection Working Group, and is Vice Chair of the International Radiation Protection Association Group on Public Understanding.Pete was also former President of the Society for Radiological Protection, the UKs Chartered Professional Body for Radiation Safety and Radioactive Waste Management.He holds an Honorary Professorship in Physics at the University of Liverpool specialising in Radiation Protection Science, Nuclear Energy Policy and Nuclear Reactor Technology, and Senior Fellowship at the University of Suffolk in Environment & Energy Research.

Summary:

Across the world we are seeing a resurgence in new nuclear including both large traditional plants and Small / Advanced Nuclear Reactors (SMRs / AMRs) as a key part of tackling the climate crisis. The scale of the new build ambitions, coupled with increasing demand throughout the nuclear fuel cycle and high average age of the existing qualified and experienced workforce has created a concern of further skills gaps. One of the key 'skills' gaps relates to the field of radiological protection in particular modelling and measuring doses accrued by the public under both normal operational discharges and accident scenarios, along with the increasing importance on understanding the wider impacts to the environment. This book is an essential introduction to basic principles of radiation protection, aerosol physics and the impacts of radioactive discharges to both humans and the environment (flora and fauna). Also discussed are the specific difficulties with the monitoring and the health detriment associated with the more mobile and problematic radionuclides.

Contents:

1. Radiation physics and structure of matter

1.1. The structure of the atom

1.2. Mass, atomic numbers and isotopes

1.3. Ionising radiation

1.4. Mechanism of radioactive decay

1.5. Decay chains and equilibrium

1.6. The nuclide chart

1.7. Types of radioactive decay

1.8. Penetrating powers of ionising radiation

1.9. Summary

2. Sources of radioactive discharges

2.1. Discharges from civil nuclear industry

2.2. Discharges from other nuclear facilities

2.3. Discharges from non-nuclear facilities

2.4. Physicochemical form and duration of radioactive discharges

2.5. Source term

2.6. Summary

3. Aerosol physics and dispersion modelling

3.1. Aerosols : particulate size and particulate concentration

3.2. Aerosol stability

3.3. Aerosol motion without external forces

3.4. Sedimentation

3.5. Diffusion and the Gaussian plume

3.6. Dispersion modelling

3.7. Summary

4. Exposure pathways

4.1. The human environment

4.2. Cloudshine from the plume of radioactivity

4.3. Groundshine from the deposited particulates

4.4. Inhalation of aerosols

4.5. Ingestion of contaminated food products

4.6. Representative person

4.7. Novel pathways

4.8. Summary

5. Principles of dose and biological effects of radiation

5.1. Absorbed dose

5.2. Equivalent dose

5.3. Effective dose

5.4. Basic human physiology

5.5. Cell biology

5.6. Deterministic effects

5.7. Stochastic effects

5.8. Dose conversion coefficients

5.9. Dose assessment principles

5.10. Doses in the context of radioactive discharges

5.11. Summary

6. Impacts to the non-human environment from radioactive discharges

6.1. Radioactive impacts to non-human biota

6.2. Exposure pathways for flora and fauna

6.3. Assessment approach for non-human biota

6.4. Concept of the reference organism

6.5. Summary

7. Environmental monitoring systems

7.1. Sampling radioactive discharges at source

7.2. Sampling of radioactive discharges in the environment

7.3. Summary

8. Radiation detection and measurement

8.1. Gas-based detectors

8.2. Semiconductor detectors

8.3. Scintillation detectors

8.4. Counting systems versus spectroscopy

8.5. Typical applications of detector technologies

8.6. Criteria for selecting the right detector

8.7. Summary

9. International legislation and standards

9.1. International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) recommendations and standards

9.2. International conventions, standards and directives

9.3. The EURATOM Treaty and directives

9.4. Summary

10. UK regulation and guidance

10.1. Environmental Permitting Regulations

10.2. Environmental Authorisations (Scotland) Regulations

10.3. Nuclear Installations Act

10.4. Ionising Radiations Regulations

10.5. Radiation (Emergency Preparedness and Public Information) Regulations

10.6. Impact of Brexit

10.7. Summary.

Notes:

Revised edition of: Airborne radioactive discharges and human health effects : an introduction. [2019].

"Version: 20240601"--Title page verso.

Includes bibliographical references.

Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 15, 2024).

Other Format:

Print version:

ISBN:

9780750358699

9780750358682

OCLC:

1446520279

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.