Advances in Natural Gas. Volume 7 : Formation, Processing, and Applications / Mohammad Reza Rahimpour, Mohammad Amin Makarem, and Maryam Meshksar, editors.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Rahimpour, Mohammad Reza, editor.

Makarem, Mohammad Amin, editor.

Meshksar, Maryam, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Environmental protection.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (468 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier Inc., [2024]

Summary:

Advances in Natural Gas: Formation, Processing, and Applications is a comprehensive eight-volume set of books that discusses in detail the theoretical basics and practical methods of various aspects of natural gas from exploration and extraction, to synthesizing, processing and purifying, producing valuable chemicals and energy.

Contents:

Front Cover

ADVANCES IN NATURAL GAS: FORMATION, PROCESSING, AND APPLICATIONS

ADVANCES IN NATURAL GAS: FORMATION, PROCESSING, AND APPLICATIONS Natural Gas Products and Uses

Copyright

Contents

Contributors

About the editors

Preface

Reviewer acknowledgments

I - Natural gas conversionand applications

1 - Introduction to high-value chemicals and energy production from natural gas

1. Introduction

1.1 Products from natural gas

2. Natural gas processing

3. Products from natural gas

3.1 Ammonia from natural gas

3.2 Acetic acid from methane

3.3 Methanol from natural gas

3.4 Propane from natural gas

3.5 Hydrogen from natural gas

4. Energy production from natural gas

5. Conclusion and future outlooks

Abbreviations and symbols

References

2 - Economic assessments and cost analysis of natural gas utilization as an energy production source

2. Economic assessment principles and procedures

2.1 Capital cost and its elements

2.2 Operational cost and its elements

2.3 Analyses technique for economic feasibility

3. Cost analysis of natural gas utilization cases

4. Conclusion and future outlooks

3 - Case studies on the natural gas conversion units

2. Principles and procedures of natural gas conversion processes

2.1 Thermochemical-based conversion process

2.1.1 Process system engineering perspective of the thermochemical conversion of the natural gas

2.2 Methanol synthesis conventional process

2.3 Natural gas oxidation to olefins and gasoline

2.4 Fischer-Tropsch process

2.5 Natural gas conversion to olefins and gasoline using methanol

3. The biochemical-based conversion process

3.1 Methanotroph bacteria-based natural gas oxidation.

3.2 Ammonia-based bacteria oxidation of natural gas

4. Challenges associated with natural gas conversion technology

4 - Natural gas conversion using plasma technology

2. Principles of plasma-assisted methane conversion

2.1 Activation of natural gas in plasma

2.2 The coupling of plasma and catalysts

3. Different NTP reactors for methane conversion

3.1 Dielectric barrier discharges

3.2 Corona and spark discharges

3.3 Gliding arc discharge

3.4 Microwave plasma

3.5 Atmospheric pressure glow discharge

4. Plasma-assisted natural conversion: Applications and cases

4.1 Nonoxidative coupling of methane

4.1.1 The effect of plasma reactors

4.1.2 The effect of operating parameters

4.1.3 The effect of catalysts

4.2 Methane pyrolysis

4.2.1 The effect of plasma reactors

4.2.2 The effect of operating parameters

4.2.3 The effect of catalysts

Acknowledgments

II - Natural gas to products

5 - Syngas production from natural gas by reforming process: Dry, steam, partial oxidation, tri, and autothermal

2. Natural gas reforming

2.1 SMR

2.2 DMR

2.3 POX and catalytic partial oxidation (CPOX)

2.4 Autothermal reforming (ATR)

2.5 Combined methane reforming

2.5.1 DMR and SMR

2.5.2 Combined dry and partial oxidation reforming (CDPOX)

2.6 Tri-methane reforming (TMR)

3. Comparison between the various methane reforming methods

4. Reforming catalysts

4.1 Promoters

4.2 Perovskite precursors

4.3 Nano catalyst

4.4 Innovated multicomponent thermo-neutral reforming (TNR) catalyst

References.

6 - Fuel gas production from natural gas

2. Principles of natural gas

3. Natural gas transformation to fuel gas

3.1 Syngas and hydrogen production from methane reforming processes

3.1.1 Steam reforming of methane

3.1.2 Dry reforming of methane

3.1.3 Partial oxidation of methane

3.1.4 Autothermal reforming of methane

3.1.5 Bi-reforming of methane

3.1.6 Trireforming of methane

3.2 Hydrogen purification methods

4. Current applications and cases

7 - Direct conversion of natural gas to methanol

2. Methanol synthesis from methane

2.1 Indirect methanol synthesis from methane

2.2 Direct methanol synthesis from methane

3. Critical process factors for the direct methanol synthesis from methane

3.1 Natural gas and oxidant feeds

3.2 Partial oxidation reactor

3.3 Liquid products and purge gases

4.1 Cu containing zeolite system

4.2 Metal-organic framework

4.3 Metal/metal oxide and metal alloy

8 - Ethane extraction from natural gas

2. Natural gas composition and processing

3. The necessity of ethane extraction

4. Extraction of ethane from NG

4.1 Cryogenic processes

4.1.1 Turbo-expansion (TE)

4.1.2 Joule-Thompson expansion (J-T)

4.2 Membrane technology

4.3 Absorption-based separation

4.3.1 Adsorption-based separation

4.3.2 PSA method

4.4 Oil absorption

5. Case study

6. Conclusion and future outlooks

9 - Propane and heavier hydrocarbons production from natural gas

2. Natural gas composition.

2.1 Description of dry and wet natural gas due to its hydrocarbon concentration

2.2 Propane and heavier hydrocarbon in NGL

2.2.1 Propane

2.2.2 Normal butane

2.2.2.1 Iso-butane

2.2.3 Pentane

2.3 "Mixed" products

3. Basic concepts of producing heavy hydrocarbons from the processing of natural gas

3.1 NGL extraction

3.1.1 Absorption method

3.1.2 Cryogenic expansion process

3.2 NGL fractionation

3.3 Petrochemical processing plants

3.4 Transportation infrastructure

3.5 Storage

4. Relation between HGL, NGL, and LPG?

5. Catalytic conversion of methane into higher hydrocarbons

6. Conclusions and future outlooks

Further reading

10 - Conversion of methane to aromatics

2. Principles and procedures of methane conversion to aromatics

2.1 Indirect routes

2.2 Direct route

2.2.1 Oxidative condition of aromatization of methane

2.2.2 Nonoxidative condition of conversion methane to aromatics (NOCM)

3. Aromatics processing

4. Current application and cases

11 - Sulfur recovery from natural gas

2. Properties of sulfur

3. Claus sulfur recovery process

4. Claus tail gas cleanup

4.1 H2S is easily oxidized to sulfur

4.2 Sub-dew point Claus processes

4.3 Cleaner air with recovered hydrogen sulfide

5. Process description

6. Emissions

7. Process principles

8. Conclusion and future outlooks

12 - CS2 production from methane reforming with H2S

1.1 CS2 production and market

2. Principals and procedures of CS2 production

3. H2SMR technology readiness

Abbreviation and symbols.

References

13 - Bio-natural gas conversion to products

2. Biogas production

2.1 Humidity operating conditions

2.2 Process parameter control

2.2.1 pH

2.2.2 Alkalinity

2.2.3 VFA concentration

2.2.4 FOS-TAC

2.2.5 Temperature

3. Biogas production and composition

4. Biogas cleaning

4.1 Humidity removal

4.2 Desulfurization

4.3 Other impurities

4.4 Biogas upgrading

5. Biogas reforming reactions to generate H2

5.1 Biogas and biomethane

5.2 Biogas upgrading to syngas

5.3 Membrane reactor technology

5.3.1 Inorganic membranes

5.3.2 Pd-based membranes

5.3.3 Pd-based membranes typologies

5.3.4 Hydrogen permeation through Pd-based membranes

6. Catalytic bio-natural conversion in MRs

7. Conclusion and future outlooks

14 - Natural gas conversion to value-added hydrocarbons via halomethanes

2. Literature review

3. Methane halogenation

3.1 Chemistry and thermodynamics

3.2 Free radical halogenation

3.3 Non-oxidative catalytic halogenation

3.4 Oxidative catalytic halogenation

3.5 Processes

4. Methyl halide condensation

4.1 Chemistry and thermodynamics

4.2 Catalysts

4.2.1 Catalyst types

4.2.2 Modification of the catalysts

4.3 Mechanism

4.4 Kinetics

4.5 Catalyst deactivation

5. Reforming of polyhalomethanes

6. Multistep conversion processes

6.1 Condensation to hydrocarbons

6.2 Oxygenates synthesis

6.3 Methylation of aromatics

7. Conclusions and future outlooks

III - Energy production from natural gas and other applications

15 - Power and electricity generation from natural gas

2. Natural gas

2.1 The resource of NG

2.2 NG composition.

3. Environmental considerations.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9780443192289

0443192286

OCLC:

1419871649