Application of biofilms in applied microbiology / edited by Maulin P. Shah.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Shah, Maulin P., editor.

Series:

Developments in applied microbiology and biotechnology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Microbiology.

Biofilms.

Biofilms--Industrial applications.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xvii, 288 pages) : colour illustrations.

Place of Publication:

London, UK : Elsevier, [2022]

Summary:

Application of Biofilms in Applied Microbiology gives a complete overview on the structure, physiology and application of biofilms produced by microbes, along with their potential application in biotechnology. Sections cover new technologies for biofilm study, physiology of microorganisms in biofilms, bacterial biofilms, biofilm development, and fungal biofilms, summarizing various technologies available for biofilm study. Subsequent chapters describe biofilm developments with Bacillus subtillis, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas putida, along with several chapters on the study of microbial biofilm and their advantages and disadvantages in the area of environmental biotechnology. The book closes with a chapter on the rapid development of new sequencing technologies and the use of metagenomics, thus revealing the great diversity of microbial life and enabling the emergence of a new perspective on population dynamics.

Contents:

Front Cover

Application of Biofilms in Applied Microbiology

Copyright Page

Contents

List of contributors

1 Bacterial extracellular polysaccharides in biofilm formation and function

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Exopolysaccharides associated with the matrix of biofilm

1.2.1 Various types of architectural polysaccharides associated with the biofilm

1.2.1.1 Bacterial alginates

1.2.1.2 Cellulose

1.2.1.3 Poly-N-acetyl glucose amine

1.2.1.4 Capsular polysaccharides

1.2.1.5 Levan

1.2.1.6 Colonic acid

1.2.1.7 Vibrio polysaccharide

1.3 Variation in structural components of bacterial EPS

1.4 EPS variation in gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria

1.4.1 Gram-positive bacteria

1.4.2 Gram-negative bacteria

1.5 Various methods of exopolysaccharide extraction from the matrix of biofilm

1.6 Functional attributes of EPS

1.6.1 Adhesion/cohesion/genetic material transfer

1.6.2 Symbiosis

1.6.3 Development of pathogenicity

1.6.4 Source of nutrition

1.6.5 Protection from antimicrobials

1.7 Mechanism of formation of microbial aggregates by Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS)

1.7.1 Intracellular adhesion by EPS

1.7.2 Conditions influencing EPS formation and action

1.8 Applications of EPS in biotechnology

1.9 Conclusion

References

2 Pseudomonas putida biofilm: development and dynamics

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Biofilm formation

2.3 Factors affecting Pseudomonas putida biofilm

2.3.1 Dynamic nature

2.3.2 Flagella

2.3.3 Starvation stress

2.4 Genetics of Pseudomonas putida biofilm

2.5 Biofilm control strategies

2.5.1 Physical methods

2.5.1.1 Radiation

2.5.1.2 Temperature

2.5.1.3 Other approaches

2.5.2 Chemical methods

2.5.2.1 Aggressive chemicals

2.5.2.2 Quaternary ammonium compounds

2.5.2.3 Surfactants

2.5.2.4 Natural products.

2.5.2.5 Antimicrobial peptides

2.5.2.6 Quorum sensing inhibitors

2.5.2.7 Metals

2.5.2.8 Nanoparticles

2.5.2.9 Surface coatings

2.5.2.10 Tolerance to chemical approaches

2.5.3 Biological methods

2.5.3.1 Bacteriophages

2.5.3.2 Enzyme-mediated disruption

2.5.3.3 Combination strategy

2.6 Conclusions and future perspectives

3 Biofilm matrix proteins

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Biofilm matrix

3.3 Biofilm matrix proteins

3.4 Accumulation-associated protein

3.5 Rugosity and biofilm structure modulator A

3.6 Biofilm-associated protein

3.7 Biofilm-surface layer protein

3.8 GlcNAc-Binding protein A

3.9 Techniques to extract extracellular matrix from bacterial biofilms

3.10 Conclusion

Acknowledgment

Conflict of interest statement

4 Microbial Biofilm-a modern sustainable approach for bioremediation in 21st century

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 The nature of natural biofilms

4.1.2 Properties of biofilms

4.1.3 Types of biofilm

4.1.3.1 Single-species biofilm

4.1.3.2 Bacterial biofilm

4.1.3.3 Fungal biofilm

4.1.3.4 Algal biofilms

4.1.3.5 Protozoa biofilms

4.1.3.6 Multiple-species biofilm

4.2 Biofilm formation

4.2.1 Supports in biofilm-based processes

4.2.2 Reversible attachment

4.2.3 Irreversible attachment

4.2.4 Biofilm maturation

4.2.5 Detachment

4.2.6 Factors affecting biofilm development

4.2.6.1 Biofilm resistance

4.3 Application

4.3.1 Wastewater treatment

4.3.1.1 Removal of organic pollutants

4.3.1.2 Removal of inorganic pollutants

4.3.1.3 Removal of micropollutants

4.3.2 Biofilms for the production of industrial chemicals

4.3.3 Other uses of biofilms

4.4 Processes based on biofilm technology for wastewater treatment

4.4.1 Trickling filter

4.4.2 Rotating biological contactor microbiology.

4.4.3 Constructed wetland system

4.4.4 Membrane biofilm reactors

4.4.5 Fluidized-bed biofilm reactors

4.5 Conclusion

5 Bacillus subtilis-based biofilms

5.1 Introduction

5.1.1 Bacillus subtilis as a model organism for studying biofilm formation

5.1.2 Global regulators determining the physiology of subpopulations of biofilm cells

5.2 General model for biofilm development on substrate

5.3 Environmental influences on biofilm development

5.3.1 The genetic circuitry of Bacillus subtilis biofilm formation

5.4 Biofilm's research in laboratory

5.5 Quorum sensing and microbial biofilms

5.5.1 Different systems for sensing a quorum

5.6 Engineered Bacillus subtilis biofilms

5.7 The future of biofilm development research

5.8 Conclusion

6 A review on the contamination caused by bacterial biofilms and its remediation

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Steps associated in biofilm formation

6.3 Infections associated with biofilm formation

6.3.1 Device related biofilm infections

6.3.1.1 Dental biofilm formation

6.3.1.2 Contact lens

6.3.1.3 Central venous catheter

6.3.1.4 Urinary tract

6.3.2 Nondevice related biofilm formation

6.3.2.1 Periodontitis

6.3.2.2 Osteomyelitis

6.4 Few bacterial biofilm models

6.4.1 Escherichia coli

6.4.2 Bacillus subtilis

6.4.3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa

6.5 Various ways to combat bacterial biofilm formation

6.5.1 Usage of sorties as an antiadhesion

6.5.2 Removal of infected foreign bodies

6.5.3 Treatment of infected central venous catheter

6.5.4 Early detection of biofilm formation

6.5.5 Usage of nanoparticles for the removal of bacterial biofilm

6.5.6 Bactericidal surfaces

6.5.7 Usage of microorganism responsive magnetic nanoparticles based on silver/gentamicin for biofilm disruption.

6.5.8 Usage of Superparamagnetic iron oxide encapsulating polymerase nanocarriers for the biofilms removal

6.6 Conclusion

Further reading

7 Pseudomonas putida biofilms

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Biofilm formation by Pseudomonas putida

7.2.1 Mechanism

7.3 Development and dispersal of mature biofilm

7.4 Properties of biofilms

7.4.1 Extracellular matrix

7.4.2 Quorum sensing

7.4.3 Biofilms are less susceptible to antimicrobial agents

7.5 Factors affecting biofilm formation

7.6 Benefits of biofilm

7.7 Possible eradication strategies

7.8 Challenges in the eradication of biofilms

8 Mechanisms of competition in biofilm communities

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Exploitative competition

8.3 Interference competition

8.3.1 Interference mediated by the help of antimicrobial elements

8.3.2 Competition sensing hypothesis and quorum sensing mechanisms

8.3.3 Biofilm and matrix-associated changes

8.3.4 Fruiting bodies and microbial competition

8.3.5 Interference mediated by the help of contact-dependent interference

8.3.6 Outer membrane exchanges

8.3.7 Type VI secretion systems

8.4 Studying single and multi-species populations

8.5 Genetic aspects of competition

8.6 Models for defining different means of competition

8.7 Techniques for assessment of biofilm

8.8 Quantification and qualification for screening biofilm competition formation of biofilms for study

8.9 Microfluidics

8.10 Microscopic imaging techniques for biofilm study

8.11 Transcriptomics and genomics in biofilm study

8.12 Concluding remarks

9 Escherichia coli biofilms

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Seeing the surface

9.2.1 Contacting the surface

9.2.2 Temporary attachments to surfaces: reversible binding.

9.2.3 Robust adhesion to surfaces: fimbriae-mediated irreversible attachment

9.2.3.1 Type I fimbriae

9.2.3.2 Curli fimbriae

9.2.3.3 Conjugative pili

9.3 Constructing the mature biofilm

9.3.1 Surface biomolecules contributing to biofilm structures

9.3.2 Biofilm matrix components

9.4 Regulated formation of biofilm

9.4.1 Coordinated tendency to adhere to a surface

9.4.2 Regulatory network for primary interplay with surfaces

9.4.2.1 CpxAR system

9.4.2.2 RcsCDB system

9.4.2.3 EnvZ/OmpR system

9.4.2.4 Role of small molecules in biofilm formation

9.4.3 Regulation within E. coli biofilms

9.4.3.1 Role of central carbon flux in biofilm regulation

9.5 Conclusions

Acknowledgments

10 Role of microbial biofilms in bioremediation of organic pollutants in aquatic bodies

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Quorum sensing-dependent biofilm

10.3 Organic pollutants: origin and implications in aquatic bodies

10.3.1 Synthetic chemicals

10.3.1.1 Antibacterial agents

10.3.1.2 Parasiticides

10.3.1.3 Pesticides

10.3.2 Industrial effluents

10.3.2.1 Pharmaceutical industries

10.3.2.2 Paper mill industries

10.3.2.3 Pesticide industries

10.4 Impact of synthetic chemicals and pesticides on aquatic ecosystem

10.5 Microbial diversity in aquatic biofilm

10.6 Role of biofilm in bioaugmentation of pollutants

10.6.1 Assimilation of nutrients

10.6.2 Adsorption of contaminants

10.6.3 Biodegradation of contaminants

10.7 Mechanism of pollutant removal via use of microbial consortia

10.8 Constraints of biofilm-based bioremediation

10.9 Conclusion and future perspective

11 Bacterial extracellular polymeric substances in biofilm matrix

11.1 Introduction.

11.2 Extracellular polysaccharides as an integral part of bacterial biofilms.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Shah, Maulin P. Application of biofilms in applied microbiology

ISBN:

9780323905251