Car Following Dynamics : Experiments and Models / Junfang Tian and Rui Jiang.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Tian, Junfang, author.

Jiang, Rui, author.

Series:

Current Natural Sciences Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Traffic flow.

Automobiles--Dynamics.

Automobiles.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (160 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Les Ulis : EDP Sciences, [2023]

Summary:

Over the past nine decades, the field of traffic flow studies has witnessed remarkable advancements driven by empirical data. These data have illuminated traffic phenomena like breakdowns, oscillations, and hysteresis. However, despite these strides, the intricate nature of traffic flow and its underlying mechanisms remain subjects of ongoing debate and incomplete comprehension. Robert Herman, the pioneering figure in transportation science, firmly believed in the experimental essence of traffic theory. Unlike conventional practices of collecting limited traffic flow data, conducting traffic experiments empowers control of flow composition and rate, minimizes interference from complex variables, and facilitates the discovery of fundamental characteristics and mechanisms of traffic flow. In alignment with Herman's conviction, the authors of this book undertook a series of experimental and modeling studies to delve into the intricacies of traffic flow evolution through the lens of car-following dynamics. Rooted in systems science and engineering theory, this book commences with experimental exploration of traffic flow. Employing methods to unearth individual decision-making mechanisms, the evolutionary patterns of group behavior, and their interconnectedness, theoretical models are employed to bridge micro-mechanisms with macro-phenomena. This approach introduces innovative ideas and methods, fostering the refined development of urban traffic behavior and management theory. It makes vital contributions in unraveling driver behavior and the evolution of road traffic flow, transcending conventional theories, and addressing globally recognized transportation challenges. Ultimately, it plays a pivotal role in advancing modern traffic flow theory that aligns with real-world complexities.

Contents:

Intro

Car Following Dynamics: Experiments and Models

Preface

Contents

Introduction

Background

Traffic Flow Data

Vehicle Trajectory Data

Detector Data

Traffic Flow Parameters

Flow Rate

Density and Occupancy

Speed

Fundamental Diagram

Homogeneous, Stationary and Equilibrium Traffic Flow

The Fundamental Diagram

Some Common Fundamental Diagram Models

Greenshields Model

Pipes-Munjal Model and Del Castillo-Bennitze Model

Triangular or Trapezoidal Fundamental Diagram Model

Fundamental Diagram Model with Inflection Point

Discontinuous Fundamental Diagram Model

The Characteristics of Traffic Flow Evolution

Congested Traffic and Phantom Jam

Synchronized Traffic Flow

Traffic Breakdown

Outline of the Book

References

Traffic Oscillation Analysis

Some Previously Observed Results of Traffic Oscillations

The Platoon Experiments with 25 Cars

Experimental Setup

Spatiotemporal Features

The Concave Growth Patterns

Traffic Oscillation Simulations by Traditional Models

Traditional Models

The Initial Convex Growth Pattern in Traditional Models

Empirical Oscillation Analysis

The Platoon Experiment with 50 Cars

Experimental Results

Corroborating Empirical Observations

The High-Speed Experiment

The Lightly Congested Flow Experiment

Car Following Behavior Analysis

The Velocity Distribution Analysis

The Spacing Analysis

The Platoon Length Analysis

The Acceleration Analysis

The Wave Travel Time Analysis

Some Observed Features of τn(t) Time Series

New Experimental Data Analysis

Indifference Region Analysis

Sensitivity Factor Analysis in Car Following

Stochasticity Factor Analysis in Car Following.

Analysis of Competition Between Stochastic and Speed Adaptation Effects

Cellular Automaton Models

Abstract

The Basic CA Models

The NaSch Model

The Slow-To-Start Model

The Kerner-Klenov-Wolf Model for Synchronized Traffic Flow

The Generalized NaSch Models

The Comfortable Driving Model and Its Variants

Two-State Model and Its Improved Version

Car Following Models

The Extensions of Traditional Models

The Insensitivity Model

The Speed Adaption Model

The Variants of Newell Model

Empirical Congested Pattern Simulation

Vehicle Trajectory Simulation

Platoon Oscillation Simulation

The Improved 2D-ID Model

The E2D-ID Model

Appendix

Outlook.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9782759831944

2759831949

OCLC:

1409180136