The political ecology of violence : peasants and pastoralists in the last Ottoman century / Zozan Pehlivan.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Pehlivan, Zozan, author.

Series:

Studies in environment and history

Studies in Environment and History Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Kurds--Turkey--Social conditions--19th century.

Kurds.

Armenians--Turkey--Social conditions--19th century.

Armenians.

State-sponsored terrorism--Turkey--History--19th century.

State-sponsored terrorism.

Political ecology--Kurdistan.

Political ecology.

Political ecology--Turkey.

Kurdistan--Ethnic relations--Political aspects.

Kurdistan.

Turkey--Ethnic relations--Political aspects.

Turkey.

Kurdistan--Environmental conditions--19th century.

Turkey--Environmental conditions--19th century.

Turkey--History--1878-1909.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xxvi, 312 pages) : digital, PDF file(s).

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, England : Cambridge University Press, [2024]

Summary:

Zozan Pehlivan's innovative examination of slow violence in late Ottoman Kurdistan offers an alternative theoretical framework for understanding inter-communal conflict. Drawing on interdisciplinary research, Pehlivan argues that ecological and climatic fluctuations had a transformative and antagonistic impact on economy, state and society

Contents:

Cover

Half-title

Series information

Title page

Imprints page

Dedication

Table of Contents

List of Figures

List of Maps

List of Tables

Acknowledgments

Note on Transliteration, Dates, Weights, and Measurements

List of Abbreviations

Introduction: Global Climate, Local Ecologies, and Sociopolitical Instability

Sources, Concepts, and Frameworks

A Written History of Crisis and Violence in the Late Ottoman Empire

Climate and El Niño Impact

Chapter Overview

1 Kurdistan: A Geographic and Environmental Threshold

The Landscape Trilogy: Mountains, Pastures, and Plains

The Mountains

The Pastures

The Plains

The Tanzimat State and Its Arrival in Kurdistan

A Case Study: Palu District

A Demographic Portrait of Kurdistan in Mid Century

Five Villages: A Glimpse of Settlement Patterns across the Trilogy

Conclusion

2 Four-Legged Capitalism: Kurdistan's Political Economy in the Mid-Nineteenth Century

Transportation: By Land and Water

The Pillars of Kurdistan's Economy: Farming, Herding, and Industry

Farming and Agriculture

Pastoralists and the Herding Economy

The Herding Economy

Industry

3 ''What Will the End [of] This Be?'': Peasants and Pastoralists Face a Decade of Crisis

''Harvest Became a Word without Substance'': Droughts and Peasants' Survival Strategies

1879-80: The Year of Great Famine

Famine in the Countryside: Diyarbekir, Erzurum, and Van

The Politics of Food and Water Scarcity

Abandonment as a Form of Resilience

Pastoralists and Herds Face Environmental Crises

Nomadic Pastoralism and Crises

Climate Change and Domesticated Animals

Pastoralist Survival Strategies

Conclusion: Uneven Impacts of Ecological Disequilibrium

4 The Empire of Priorities: Ottoman Relief Policies in the Age of Scarcity

Ottoman Provisionism: From the Classic Age to the Modern Era

Hamidian State Efforts to Address Drought and Panzootic in the Countryside

Imperial Priorities: Provisioning Iraq over Kurdistan

Feeding Cities

Conclusion: Selective Provisionism and Its Consequences in Kurdistan

5 Environment and the State: From Communal to State-Sponsored Violence

Slow Violence and the Anatomy of the Sasun Massacre from an Environmental Perspective

The Hamidian State and the Armenian Question

Slow Violence as an Escalating Process

The Hamidiye Regiments: A Culmination of Climate Catastrophe and Hamidian Politics

An Epilogue: After the Animals Died

Appendix: Archival Documents Related to Animal Theft in Late Ottoman Kurdistan

Bibliography

Index

Notes:

Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 15 Nov 2024).

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9781009535045

1009535048

9781009535007

1009535005

9781009535021

1009535021