40 years of evolution : Darwin's finches on Daphne Major Island, new edition.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Grant, Peter R.

Contributor:

Grant, B. Rosemary.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Ground finches--Evolution--Galapagos Islands.

Ground finches.

Bird populations--Galapagos Islands.

Bird populations.

Birds--Evolution--Galapagos Islands.

Birds.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (465 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Princeton : Princeton University Press, 2024.

Summary:

"A new edition of Peter and Rosemary Grant's classic account of their groundbreaking forty-year study of Darwin's finches 40 Years of Evolution is a landmark study of the finches first made famous by Charles Darwin, one that documents as never before the evolution of species through natural selection. In this now-legendary study, renowned evolutionary biologists Peter and Rosemary Grant draw on a vast and unparalleled range of ecological, behavioral, and genetic data to continuously measure changes in finch populations over a period of four decades on the small island of Daphne Major in the Galápagos archipelago. In the years since the book's publication, the field of genomics has developed greatly. In this newly revised edition of 40 Years of Evolution, the Grants combine the results of their historic field study with genomic analyses of their primary findings, resolve unanswered questions from the field, and provide invaluable insights into the genetic basis of beak and body size variation and the history of this iconic adaptive radiation" -- From publisher.

Contents:

Cover

Contents

List of Illustrations

List of Tables

List of Boxes

Prefaces

Part I: Early Problems, Early Solutions

1. Speciation, Adaptive Radiation, and Evolution

Introduction

Adaptive Radiation of Darwin's Finches

Species and Speciation

Daphne

Evolution Observed

Chapters of the Book

Summary

2. Daphne Finches: A Question of Size

Testing the Hypothesis

Availability of Food

Diets of G. fortis and G. fuliginosa

Differences in Seed Supply

G. fuliginosa on Los Hermanos

Association Between Beak Size and Diet

Adaptive Landscapes

Can G. scandens Be Ignored?

Why Is G. fuliginosa Absent?

Discussion

3. Heritable Variation

Estimating Heritable Variation

Heritable Variation

Potential Biases

Extra-Pair Paternity

Misidentified Paternity

Maternal Effects

Genotype × Environment Correlations

Conclusions on Bias

Heritabilities: A Comparison of Species

4. Natural Selection and Evolution

Expectations

Natural Selection

Causes of Selective Mortality

The Targets of Selection

Selection on Different Age Groups

Evolution in Response to Selection

Selection Occurs Repeatedly

Selection Oscillates in Direction

Evolutionary Response

Selection in Opposite Directions

Conclusions

5. Breeding Ecology and Reproductive Fitness

Basic Breeding Biology

Annual Variation in Reproduction in Relation to Rain

Predicting Reproductive Success

The Cohorts of 1975

Four Later Cohorts

The Contribution of Morphology to Fitness

The Contribution of Offspring to Parental Fitness

Longevity

Inbreeding

Variation in Fitness

Part II: Species Interactions

6. A Potential Competitor Arrives on Daphne.

Introduction

Founder Event

Causes

First Few Generations

Fitness Costs of Inbreeding

Recurrent Immigration

Genetic Diversity

Losses and Gains of Alleles

The Source of Immigrants

Nonrandom Colonization

Composition of the Breeding Population

Song

Colonization Success

7. Competition and Character Displacement

Competition and Diet Overlap

Effects of Competition on Survival

Character Displacement

Strength of Selection

The Causal Role of G. magnirostris

High Impact on Food Supply

Superior Feeding Efficiency on Shared Component of the Diet

Parallel Decline Due to Starvation

Key Difference Between 1977 and 2004

Evolution of a Displaced Character

Genetic Consequences of Selection

G. fortis and G. scandens Compared

Some Implications

8. Hybridization

Background

Frequency of Hybridization

Causes of Hybridization

A Scarcity of Conspecific Mates

Imprinting

Song Inheritance

Perturbations of Imprinting

Extra-Pair Mating

G. magnirostris

Fitness Consequences of Hybridization

Viability

Fertility

Overall Fitness

The Mating Pattern of Hybrids

9. Variation and Introgression

Morphology of Hybrids

Effects of Hybridization on Variation

Comparison of G. fortis and G. scandens

Conspecific Gene Flow

Hybridization vs. Mutation

Correlations

Evolutionary Potential

Part III: Developing a Long-Term Perspective

10. Long-Term Trends in Hybridization

A Question of Identity

Blurring of Genetic Distinctions

Blurring of Morphological Distinctions

Morphological Convergence

Frequencies of Hybrids

Morphological Variation

Allometry

Genetic Convergence.

Two Species or One?

Behavior and Plumage

11. Long-Term Trends in Natural Selection

Selection

G. fortis

G. scandens

Ecological Causes

Stabilizing Selection

Morphological Trends

The Possible Role of Selection on G. magnirostris

Immigration of G. magnirostris

The Cause of the Beak-Size Trend

Allometry of Means

Natural and Artificial Selection

Conclusion

12. Generalization

Generalizing When N = 1

The Small-Population Syndrome

The Medium-Population Syndrome

Large Islands

An Island within an Island

Beyond Galápagos

13. Speciation by Hybridization

A Stranger Arrives on Daphne

Descendants

Phase 1: The Start of a New Lineage

The Phenotypic Uniqueness of 5110

Phase II: Generations 1 and 2

Phase III: Endogamy and Reproductive Isolation

Origin of Reproductive Isolation

Fate of the A Line of Descent

Success of the Lineage So Far

Intrinsic Factors

Extrinsic Factors

Big Bird Morphology

The Importance of Rare Events

Future Prospects

Part IV: Syntheses

14. Transformation of Species

Morphological Transformation in Speciation

Species That Differ in Size

Species That Differ in Shape

Genetic Transformation in Speciation

Signaling Molecules

Gene Regulation

Growth after Hatching

15. The Ecology of Speciation

Space and Time Equivalence

Genetic Divergence

Ecological Divergence

Coexistence in Sympatry

Reproductive Isolation

Size and Hybridization

Phylogenetic Implications of Hybridization

Overview

16. Reconstructing the Adaptive Radiation

The Radiation of Darwin's Finches

Morphological Diversity.

Reconstructing the Process of Divergence

The Importance of Extinction

Interpreting the Causes of the Radiation

Ephemerality of Species

Part V: Looking Forward

17. The Future of Finches on Daphne

Predictability and Evolvability

The Present as a Guide to the Future

Global Warming and Galápagos

Finch Futures

Means and Extremes

Merge-and- Diverge Dynamics

Hybrid Lineage

Invasive Plant Species and Disease

The Value of Long-Term Studies

Long-Term Dynamics of a Color Polymorphism

Rare Events and Their Consequences

Changes in Perspectives

Part VI: From the Daphne Microcosm to the Galápagos Macrocosm

18. Summary and Synthesis

The Classical Theory of Adaptive Radiation

An Expanded Theory of Adaptive Radiation

How Did Darwin's Finches Radiate?

Why Did Darwin's Finches Radiate?

From Microcosm to Macrocosm

Coda

Appendixes

Appendix 1.1 History of Daphne

Appendix 1.2 Daphne Plants

Appendix 1.3 Measurements of Finches

Appendix 1.4 Other Species of Darwin's Finches

Appendix 3.1 Mapping Breeding Locations

Appendix 3.2 Annual Changes in Measurements

Appendix 5.1 Extra-Pair Mating

Appendix 5.2 Predators and Visitors

Appendix 9.1 Introgression from G. fuliginosa to scandens via fortis

Appendix 9.2 Variation and Mortality

Appendix 10.1 On the Dangers of Extrapolation

Appendix 10.2 Plumage Maturation

Appendix 11.1 Samples of Measurements for Selection Analyses

Appendix 13.1 Identification of Breeders

Appendix 17.1 Nestling Beak-Color Polymorphism

Abbreviations

Glossary

Videos as Supplements

References

Index.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9780691263236

069126323X

OCLC:

1456760118