Handbook of biomedical instrumentation / by Dr R.S. Khandpur.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Khandpur, Raghbir Singh, 1942- author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Medical instruments and apparatus.

Biomedical engineering.

Medical electronics--Instrumentation.

Medical electronics.

Patient monitoring.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (980 pages ) : illustrations, figs., tables.

Edition:

3rd ed.

Place of Publication:

New York, N.Y. : McGraw-Hill Education LLC., c2014.

Contents:

A. Preface to the third edition

B. Preface to the first edition

C. About the author

A. Part one: measuring, recording and monitoring instruments

1. Fundamentals of medical instrumentation

Role of technology in medicine

Landmark developments in biomedical instrumentation

Physiological systems of the body

Sources of biomedical signals

Basic medical instrumentation system

Performance requirements of medical instrumentation systems

Intelligent medical instrumentation systems

Consumer and portable medical equipment

Implantable medical devices

Micro-electro-mechanical systems (mems)

Wireless connectivity in medical instruments

General constraints in design of medical instrumentation systems

Regulation of medical devices

Role of engineers in healthcare facilities

Model questions

2. Bioelectric signals and electrodes

Origin of bioelectric signals

Recording electrodes

Silver-silver chloride electrodes

Electrodes for ecg

Electrodes for eeg

Electrodes for emg

Electrical conductivity of electrode jellies and creams

Microelectrodes

3. Physiological transducers

What is a transducer?

Classification of transducers

Performance characteristics of transducers

Displacement, position and motion transducers

Pressure transducers

Transducers for body temperature measurement

Photoelectric transducers

Optical fibre sensors

Biosensors

Smart sensors

4. Recording system

Basic recording system

General considerations for signal conditioners

Preamplifiers

Sources of noise in low level measurements

Biomedical signal analysis and processing techniques

The main amplifier and driver stage

Writing systems

Direct writing recorders

The inkjet recorder

Potentiometric recorder

Digital recorders

Video printers

5. Biomedical recorders

Electrocardiograph

Vectorcardiograph (vcg)

Phonocardiograph (pcg)

Digital stethoscope

Electroencephalograph (eeg)

Electromyograph

Other biomedical recorders

Biofeedback instrumentation

6. Patient monitoring systems

System concepts

Cardiac monitor

Bedside patient monitoring systems

Central monitors

Measurement of heart rate

Measusrement of pulse rate

Blood pressure measurement

Measurement of temperature

Measurement of respiration rate

Catheterization laboratory instrumentation

7. Arrhythmia and ambulatory monitoring instruments

Cardiac arrhythmias

Arrhythmia monitor

Qrs detection techniques

Data compression techniques

Exercise stress testing

Ambulatory monitoring instruments

8. Foetal monitoring instruments

Cardiotocograph

Methods of monitoring foetal heart rate

Monitoring labour activity

Recording system

Model questions.

9. Oximeters

Oximeters

Ear oximeter

Pulse oximeter

Skin reflectance oximeters

Intravascular oximeter

10. Blood flow and cardiac output measurement

Blood flow measurement

Cardiac output measurement

11. Biomedical telemetry

Biotelemetry

Single channel telemetry systems

Multi-channel wireless telemetry systems

Multi-patient telemetry

Implantable telemetry systems

Biotelemetry application on wimax networks

Transmission of analog physiological signals over telephone

12. Telemedicine technology

What is telemedicine?

Essential parameters for telemedicine

Delivery modes in telemedicine

Telemedicine system

Clinical data interchange/exchange standards

Transmission of still images

Transmission of video images

Transmission of digital audio

Cyber medicine

Applications of telemedicine

Pacs (picture archiving and communication system)

Telemedicine: today and tomorrow

13. Pulmonary function analysers

Pulmonary function measurements

Spirometry

Pneumotachmeters

Measurement of volume

Pulmonary function analysers

Respiratory gas analysers

14. Clinical laboratory instruments

Medical diagnosis with chemical tests

Spectrophotometry

Spectrophotometer type instruments

Colorimeters

Spectrophotometers

Clinical flame photometers

Selective-ion electrodes based electrolytes analyser

Automated biochemical analysis systems

15. Blood gas analysers

Acid-base balance

Blood ph measurement

Measurement of blood pco2

Blood po2 measurement

Intra-arterial blood gas monitoring

A complete blood gas analyser

16. Blood cell counters

Types of blood cells

Methods of cell counting

Coulter counters

Portable coulter counters

Automatic recognition and differential counting of cells

Flow cytometry

17. Audiometers and hearing aids

Mechanism of hearing

Measurement of sound

Basic audiometer

Pure-tone audiometer

Speech audiometer

Audiometer system bekesy

Evoked response audiometry system

Calibration of audiometers

Hearing aids

18. Patient safety

Electric shock hazards

Leakage currents

Safety codes for electromedical equipment

Electrical safety analyser

Testing of biomedical equipment

B. Part two: modern imaging systems

19. X-ray machines and digital radiography

Basis of diagnostic radiology

Nature of x-rays

Production of x-rays

X-ray machine

Visualization of x-rays

Dental x-ray machines

Portable and mobile x-ray units

Physical parameters for x-ray detectors

Digital radiography

20. X-ray computed tomography

Computed tomography

System components

Gantry geometry

System electronics

Patient dose in ct scanners

21. Nuclear medical imaging systems

Radio-isotopes in medical diagnosis

Physics of radioactivity

Radiation detectors

Pulse height analyser

Uptake monitoring equipment

The gamma camera

Whole body gamma cameras

Emission computed tomography

Single-photon-emission-computed tomography (spect)

Positron emission tomography (pet) scanner

22. Magnetic resonance imaging system

Principle of nmr imaging system

Image reconstruction techniques

Basic nmr components

Biological effect of nmr imaging

Advantages of nmr imaging system

23. Ultrasonic imaging systems

Diagnostic ultrasound

Physics of ultrasonic waves

Medical ultrasound

Basic pulse-echo apparatus

Imaging modes

Real-time ultrasonic imaging systems

Mechanical sector scanner

Multi-element linear array scanners

Duplex scanner

Modern ultrasound imaging systems

Area array systems

Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging systems

Intravascular imaging

Tissue harmonic imaging

Portable ultrasound systems

Biological effects of ultrasound

24. Thermal imaging systems

Medical thermography

Physics of thermography

Infrared detectors

Thermographic equipment

Quantitative medical thermography

Pyroelectric vidicon based thermographic camera

Thermal camera-based on ir array sensor

C. Part three: therapeutic equipment

25. Cardiac pacemakers

Need for cardiac pacemaker

External pacemakers

Implantable pacemakers

Recent developments in implantable pacemakers

Pacing system analyser

26. Cardiac defibrillators

Need for a defibrillator

Dc defibrillator

Implantable defibrillators

Types of implantable defibrillators

Pacer-cardioverter-defibrillator

Defibrillator analysers

Left ventricular assist device (lvad)

27. Instruments for surgery

Principle of surgical diathermy

Surgical diathermy machine

Safety aspects in electrosurgical units

Surgical diathermy analysers

28. Laser applications in biomedical field

The laser

Types of lasers

Laser safety

29. Physiotherapy and electrotherapy equipment

High frequency heat therapy

Short-wave diathermy machine

Microwave diathermy

Ultrasonic therapy unit

Electrodiagnostic/therapeutic apparatus

Pain relief through electrical stimulation

Diaphragm pacing by radio-frequency for the treatment of chronic ventilatory insufficiency

Bladder stimulators

Deep brain stimulation (dbs)

30. Haemodialysis machines

Function of the kidneys

Artificial kidney

Dialyzers

Membranes for haemodialysis

Haemodialysis machine

Home (portable) kidney machines

31. Lithotriptors

The stone disease problem

The shock wave

The first lithotriptor machine

Modern lithotriptor systems

Laser lithotripsy

32. Anaesthesia machine

Need for anaesthesia

Anaesthesia machine

Capnography

33. Ventilators

Mechanics of respiration

Artificial ventilation

Ventilators

Types of ventilators

Ventilator terms

Classification of ventilators

Pressure-volume-flow diagrams

Modern ventilators

High frequency ventilators

Humidifiers, nebulizers and aspirators

34. Radiotherapy equipment

Use of high voltage x-ray machines

Development of betatron

Cobalt-60 machine

Gamma knife

Medical linear accelerator machine

Cyberknife

35. Automated drug delivery systems

Infusion pumps

Components of drug infusion systems

Implantable infusion system

Closed-loop control in infusion systems

Examples of typical infusion pumps

Insulin pumps

D. References.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Description based on cover image and table of contents, viewed on Dec. 19, 2014.

ISBN:

9789339205430

Access Restriction:

Restricted for use by site license.