Visual rehabilitation of stroke : a translational guide / Carlo Aleci.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Aleci, Carlo, author.

Series:

Current Natural Sciences Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cerebrovascular disease.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (254 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

France : EDP Sciences, [2024]

Summary:

A consistent amount of patients with stroke and other brain injuries complain for the damage of their visual field. This defect, called hemianopia, is a dramatic event: half of the world seems to disappear all of a sudden. And the Moon is always crescent or waning. Never full. Within the current clinical setting, to date there is nothing ophthalmologists can do to return patients the wonderful sight of a full Moon. The Dogma is: “In the brain what is lost is lost”. And the Dogma cannot be broken. Yet, since the past century research has been challenging the Dogma. Investigations reveal that the repetitive stimulation of the blind region of the visual field may restore, albeit partially, the neuronal function, and may improve the scanning ability. This treatise is a translational journey that sets out from the pioneering studies on the effects of brain lesions in wounded soldiers, passes through the mechanisms of spontaneous compensation of hemianopia, continues with the laboratory results, and comes to describing the rehabilitative techniques devised in the last decades.This fascinating journey, with its shadows, stops and go, reverses, confirmations and denials, has not yet come to an end. But it is firmly determined to re-illuminate the dark side of the Moon in these unfortunate patients. And you, dear Reader, are going to be the traveler.

Contents:

Frontmatter

Contents

Preface. The Dark Side of the Moon

CHAPTER 1 Recalls of Neuro-Anatomy of the Visual Pathways

Introduction

1.1 Posterior Cerebral Artery

1.2 The Visuotopic Mapping of the Visual Cortex

CHAPTER 2 Damage to the Visual Pathways: Perimetric Patterns

2.1 Macular Splitting, Macular Sparing, and Foveal Sparing

2.2 The Monocular Temporal Crescent

2.3 Concluding Remarks

2.4 Visual Hallucinations in Hemianopia

CHAPTER 3 Perceptual and Oculomotor Requirements for Reading

3.1 Fixations and the Visual Span

3.2 Saccades

3.3 Neuro-Anatomy of the Oculomotor Control

CHAPTER 4 Hemianopic Alexia

4.1 Impaired Visual Processing of the Word Due to the Hemifield Loss (Reduced Visual Span)

4.2 Impaired Visual Processing of the Word Due to the Defective Saccadic/Fixation Pattern

4.3 Visual Field Defect or Cortical Damage: Which is Responsible for the Abnormal Oculomotor Pattern in Hemianopic Dyslexia?

4.4 The Role of Contrast Sensitivity and Visual Attention

4.5 Quadrantanopia, Paracentral Defects, and Relative Hemianopia

CHAPTER 5 Visual Hemineglect and Neglect Alexia

5.1 Egocentric and Allocentric Coordinates

5.2 Differentiating Hemineglect from Hemianopia

5.3 Ocular Movements in Neglect

5.4 Altitudinal Neglect

5.5 Size Distortion in Neglect

5.6 Neglect Alexia

5.7 Rehabilitation of Visual Hemineglect and Neglect Alexia

CHAPTER 6 Visual Exploration in Hemianopia

6.1 Scanning Behavior of Hemianopic Patients in Controlled Experimental Conditions

6.2 Displacement of the Egocenter in Hemianopes

6.3 Size Distortion in Hemianopia

CHAPTER 7 Spontaneous Recovery and Compensation of Hemianopia

7.1 Spontaneous Recovery of the Visual Function Due to Visual Field Restoration

7.2 Spontaneous Recovery of the Visual Function Due to Oculomotor Adaptation

7.3 Spontaneous Recovery of Reading Due to Oculomotor Adaptation

7.4 The Effect of the Central Damage on the Development of Spontaneous Oculomotor Adaptation to Visual Search and Reading

7.5 Compensation of Hemianopic Patients with Hemineglect

CHAPTER 8 Rehabilitation of Hemianopia: Visual Restitution

8.1 Rationale of Visual Restitution: Cortical Plasticity

8.2 Vision Restitution in Humans: Training at the Transition Zone

8.3 Vision Restitution in Humans: Training of the Blind Hemifield

8.4 Training Blindsight with Audiovisual Stimulation

CHAPTER 9 Rehabilitation of Hemianopia: Visual Compensation .

9.1 The Visual Search Training of Kerkhoff and Colleagues (Kerkhoff et al., 1994, 1992b)

9.2 The Saccadic Search Training of Zihl (Zihl, 1995b)

9.3 The Saccadic Search Training of Nelles and Colleagues (Nelles et al., 2001)

9.4 The Portable Search Training System of Pambakian et al. (2004)

9.5 The Digits Search Training of Roth et al. (2009)

9.6 The Effect of Visual Search Training on Saccade and Fixations

9.7 The Effect of Visual Rehabilitation (Saccadic Training) on the Cortex

Chapter 10 Rehabilitation of Hemianopic Alexia

10.1 Optokinetic Reading Training (ORT)

10.2 Saccadic Reading Training (SRT)

10.3 Factors Influencing the Outcome

Chapter 11 Rehabilitation of Hemianopia: Visual Substitution

11.1 Mirrors

11.2 Prisms. Premise: The Apical Scotoma

11.3 Binocular Full-Field Prisms

11.4 Binocular Sector Prisms

11.5 Monocular Sector Prisms

11.6 The Multiplexing Prisms of Peli and Jung (2017)

Conclusion

Appendix. Pure Alexia

References

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

9782759834945

OCLC:

1437485486