Aptamers for medical applications : from diagnosis to therapeutics / Yiyang Dong, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Dong, Yiyang, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Oligonucleotides--Biotechnology.

Oligonucleotides.

Oligonucleotides--Therapeutic use.

Biomedical engineering.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xiii, 462 pages) : illustrations

Place of Publication:

Singapore : Springer, [2021]

Summary:

This book outlines comprehensively the main medical uses of aptamers, from diagnosis to therapeutics in fourteen chapters. Pioneering topics covered include aptamer pharmaceuticals, aptamers for malign tumors, aptamers for personalized therapeutics and aptamers for point-of-care testing. The book offers an essential guide for medical scientists interested in developing aptamer-based schemes for better theranostics. It is therefore of interest for not only academic researchers, but also practitioners and medical researchers in various fields of medical science, medical research and bio-analytical chemistry.

Contents:

Intro

Preface

Introduction

Contents

About the Editor

1 Introduction of Aptamer, SELEX, and Different SELEX Variants

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Systematic Evolution of Ligands by EXponential Enrichment (SELEX)

1.3 Different SELEX Variants for Selection Rationalization

1.3.1 Reducing Screening Rounds

1.3.2 Furnishing More Targets Applicability

1.3.3 Simplifying Operations

1.3.4 Improving the Specificity of the Aptamer

1.3.5 Introducing Evaluation into the Selection Process

1.3.6 Other Selection Strategies

1.4 Perspectives

References

2 Aptamer-Based Probes for Molecular Imaging

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Nuclear Imaging

2.2.1 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)

2.2.2 Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

2.3 Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2.4 Ultrasound Imaging

2.5 Fluorescence Imaging

2.6 Multimodal Imaging

2.7 Conclusions and Perspectives

3 Aptamer-Based Point of Care Testing Schemes

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Aptamers as Sensing Probes in POCT

3.3 Aptasensors-Based POCT

3.3.1 Aptamer-Based Lateral Flow POCT Platforms

3.3.2 Interferometry

3.3.3 DNA Origami Nanobox

3.3.4 Capacitive Aptasensors

3.3.5 Smartphone Enabled Aptasensors

3.3.6 Microchannels/Microfluidics

3.3.7 Microbeads and Nanomaterial-Based Aptasensors

3.3.8 Multiple Aptasensing Platforms

3.4 Conclusion and Future Trends

4 Aptamer-Based Drug Delivery Systems

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Aptamers as Therapeutic Agents

4.3 Aptamer-Drug Conjugates

4.3.1 Covalent Conjugation

4.3.2 Physical Intercalation

4.4 Aptamer-Functionalized Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems

4.4.1 Inorganic Nanomaterials

4.4.2 Organic Nanomaterials

4.4.3 Biological Nanomaterials

4.4.4 Others

4.5 Challenges

4.6 Future Perspectives

4.7 Conclusion.

References

5 Aptamer-Based Medical Devices

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Aptamer-Based Medical Devices for Diagnosis

5.2.1 Biomarker Detection

5.2.2 Detection of Other Substances

5.3 Aptamer-Based Medical Devices for Therapeutics

5.4 Perspectives and Insights

5.4.1 Strengthen Fundamental Research

5.4.2 Learn from Antibodies

5.4.3 Seize the Opportunities

6 Aptamers for Targeted Therapy

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Aptamer for Targeted Therapy of Oculopathy

6.2.1 Macugen (Pegaptanib) Targeting VEGF

6.2.2 Fovista (E10030) Targeting PDGF

6.2.3 Zimura (ARC1905) TargetingComplement-5 (C5)

6.3 Aptamers for Targeted Therapy of Coagulation

6.3.1 REG1 Targeting Coagulation Factor IXa

6.3.2 ARC19499 Targeting TFPI

6.3.3 ARC1779 Targeting vWF

6.3.4 Aptamers Targeting Thrombin

6.4 Aptamers for Targeted Therapy of Inflammation

6.4.1 Aptamers Targeting Interleukins

6.4.2 Aptamers Targeting Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)

6.4.3 Aptamers Targeting Chemokines

6.4.4 Other Inflammatory-Associated Factors

6.5 Aptamers for Targeted Therapy of Cancer

6.5.1 Aptamer as Agonist

6.5.2 Aptamer as Inhibitor

6.6 Prospects of Aptamer-Based Targeted Therapy

7 Aptamers for Personalized Therapeutics

7.1 Introduction

7.1.1 Advantages of Aptamer

7.1.2 DNA Versus RNA Aptamers

7.1.3 Therapeutic Aptamers

7.2 Aptamers as Unique Therapeutic Molecules

7.2.1 Discovery of Aptamers Against Different Types of Cancer

7.2.2 Aptamers for Therapeutic Applications of Infectious Diseases

7.3 Aptamer Systems for Targeted Drug Delivery

7.3.1 Target-Specific Delivery of siRNAs: Aptamer-siRNA Conjugates

7.3.2 Aptamer-Drug Conjugates for Therapies

7.3.3 Aptamer Liposome Conjugates

7.3.4 Aptamer-Nanoparticles Conjugates

7.3.5 Antidote Aptamer for Controlled Therapy.

7.4 Gaps-Issues to be Considered

7.5 Future Perspective

8 Aptamers for the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Bacterial Infectious Diseases

8.2.1 Cholera

8.2.2 Tuberculosis

8.2.3 Anthrax

8.3 Viral Infectious Diseases

8.3.1 Viral Hepatitis

8.3.2 AIDS

8.3.3 Viral Encephalitis

8.3.4 COVID-19

8.4 Parasitic Infectious Disease

8.4.1 Malaria

8.4.2 Schistosomiasis

8.5 Other Typical Infectious Diseases

9 Aptamers for the Diagnosis of Malign Tumors

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Aptamers in Cancer Biomarkers Discovery

9.3 Protein Biomarkers Analysis

9.3.1 Electrochemical Aptasensors

9.3.2 Aptamer-Based Optical Assays

9.4 Tumor Cells Analysis

9.4.1 Electrochemical Cytosensors

9.4.2 Optical Aptasensors

9.4.3 Aptamer-Based Microfluidic Cytosensors

9.5 Tissue Section Imaging

9.6 In Vivo Molecular Imaging

9.6.1 Fluorescence Imaging

9.6.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

9.6.3 Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)/Positron-Emission Tomography (PET)

9.6.4 Computed Tomography (CT)

9.7 Exosome-Sensing Aptasensors

9.8 Conclusion and Perspectives

10 Aptamers for Thrombotic Diseases

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Aptamers Against Thrombin

10.2.1 Anti-thrombin DNA Aptamers

10.2.2 Anti-thrombin RNA Aptamers

10.2.3 Anti-thrombin Bimodular Aptamers

10.3 Aptamers Against FVII

10.4 Aptamers Against FIX

10.4.1 Preclinical Evaluation

10.4.2 Clinical Evaluation

10.5 Aptamers Against FX

10.6 Aptamers Against FXI

10.7 Aptamers Against FXII

10.8 Aptamers Against Kallikrein

10.9 Aptamers Against P-Selectin

10.9.1 Aptamers Against vWF

10.9.2 Aptamers Against PDGFRβ

10.9.3 Conclusion and Perspectives

11 Hormone Aptamers in Endocrine-Related Diseases.

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Hormone-Related Aptamers

11.2.1 Estrogen-Related Aptamers

11.2.2 Progesterone-Related Aptamers

11.2.3 Insulin-Related Aptamers

11.2.4 25-HydroxyvitaminD3 Related Aptamers

11.2.5 Cortisol-Related Aptamers

11.3 Aptamer Application in Endocrine-Related Disease

11.3.1 Application of Aptamer in Medical Diagnosis

11.3.2 Application of Aptamer in Real-Time Detection

11.3.3 Application of Aptamer in Targeted Therapy

11.4 Overcome the Restrictions for Commercial Use of Aptamers

11.5 Discussion and Outlook

Appendix: The Abbreviation in the Paper

12 Aptamers for the Diagnosis and Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases

12.1 Introduction

12.2 The Applications of Aptamers in Neurodegenerative Diseases

12.2.1 The Applications of Aptamers in AD

12.2.2 The Applications of Aptamers in PD

12.2.3 The Applications of Aptamers in TSEs

12.2.4 The Applications of Aptamers in HD

12.3 Conclusions and perspectives

13 Some Frontier Technologies for Aptamers in Medical Applications

13.1 Introduction

13.2 UVMag-SELEX

13.2.1 Pool Enrichment and Round Determination for UVMag-SELEX

13.2.2 High-Throughput Sequencing for Lead Sequences and Structural Prediction for Aptamer Candidates

13.2.3 UV and Microarray-Based Affinity Characterization of Aptamer Candidates for SynOP

13.2.4 Class-Specific Binding Ability of Practical Aptamers to Seven Organophosphorus Pesticides

13.3 Aptamer Biochip

13.3.1 Aptamer Microarray Biochip

13.3.2 Aptamer Microfluidic Biochip

13.3.3 Nanoarray and Nanofluidic Biochip

13.4 Native Mass Spectrometry

13.4.1 Native ESI-MS of Aptamer and Tetracycline Complex

13.4.2 Calculation of Dissociation Constants of Complexes

13.5 Conclusions and Perspectives

References.

14 Perspectives of Aptamers for Medical Applications

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Merits and Demerits of Aptamer in Clinical Applications

14.2.1 Merits

14.2.2 Demerits

14.3 The Scenario for Aptamers in Medical Application

14.3.1 Point-of-Care Tests

14.3.2 Precision Medicine

14.3.3 Biomarker

14.4 Aptamers Application in Disease

14.4.1 Tumor

14.4.2 Non-tumor

14.5 Challenges for Aptamer in Medical Applications: From Bench to Bedside

14.5.1 Stability in Biological Media

14.5.2 Safety for Modified Aptamer

14.5.3 Adapt to the Homeostasis of the Human Body

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

981-334-838-0

OCLC:

1243514478