Applying the Rasch model : fundamental measurement in the human sciences / Trevor Bond, Zi Yan, and Moritz Heene

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Bond, Trevor G., author.

Yan, Zi, 1979- author.

Heene, Moritz, 1975- author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Psychology--Research--Methodology.

Psychology.

Social sciences--Statistical methods.

Social sciences.

Psychology--Statistical methods.

Social sciences--Research--Methodology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (376 pages) : illustrations

Edition:

4th edition

Place of Publication:

New York : Routledge, [2020]

Summary:

"Recognised as the most influential publication in the field, ARM facilitates deep understanding of the Rasch model and its practical applications. The authors review the crucial properties of the model and demonstrate its use with examples across the human sciences. Readers will be able to understand and critically evaluate Rasch measurement research, perform their own Rasch analyses and interpret their results. The glossary and illustrations support that understanding, and the accessible approach means that it is ideal for readers without a mathematical background. Highlights of the new edition include: -More learning tools to strengthen readers' understanding including chapter introductions, boldfaced key terms, chapter summaries, activities, and suggested readings. -Greater emphasis on the use of R packages; readers can download the R code from the Routledge website. -Explores the distinction between numerical values, quantity, and units, to understand the measurement and the role of the Rasch logit scale (chpt 4). -A new four-option data set from the IASQ (Instrumental Attitude towards Self-assessment Questionnaire) for the Rating Scale Model (RSM) analysis exemplar (chpt 6). -Clarifies the relationship between Rasch measurement, path analysis and SEM, with a host of new examples of Rasch measurement applied across health sciences, education and psychology (chpt 10). Intended as a text for graduate courses in measurement, item response theory, (advanced) research methods or quantitative analysis taught in psychology, education, human development, business, and other social and health sciences. Professionals in these areas will also appreciate the book's accessible introduction"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Cover

Half Title

Title Page

Copyright Page

Dedication

Table of contents

Figures

Tables

About the Authors

Foreword

Preface

Notes on This Volume

Acknowledgments

1 Why Measurement Is Fundamental

Children Can Construct Measures

Interval Scales v. Ratio Scales: A Conceptual Explanation

Statistics and/or Measurement

Why Fundamental Measurement?

Derived Measures

Conjoint Measurement

The Rasch Model for Measurement

A More Suitable Analogy for Measurement in the Human Sciences

In Conclusion

Summary

Note

Suggested Readings

References

2 Important Principles of Measurement Made Explicit

An Example: "By How Much?"

Moving from Observations to Measures

Notes

3 Basic Principles of the Rasch Model

The Pathway Analogy

Unidimensionality

Item Fit

Difficulty/Ability Estimation and Error

Reliability

A Basic Framework for Measurement

Fit (Quality Control)

The Rasch Model

4 Building a Set of Items for Measurement

The Nature of the Data

Analyzing Dichotomous Data: The BLOT

A Simple Rasch Summary: The Item Pathway

Item Statistics

The Wright Map

Targeting

Comparing Persons and Items

Extended Understanding

The Problem of Guessing

Difficulty, Ability, and Fit

The Theory-Practice Dialog

5 Invariance: A Crucial Property of Scientific Measurement

Person and Item Invariance

Common-Item Linking

Please Keep in Mind

Anchoring Item Values

Vertical Scaling

Common-Person Linking

Invariance of Person Estimates across Tests: Concurrent Validity

The PRTIII-Pendulum

Common-Person Linking: BLOT &amp

PRTIII

Measurement Invariance: Where It Really Matters.

Failures of Invariance: DIF

Differential Rater Functioning

DIF: Not Just a Problem, but an Opportunity

6 Measurement Using Likert Scales

The Rasch Model for Polytomous Data

Analyzing Rating Scale Data: The Instrumental Attitude toward Self-Assessment Questionnaire

Item Ordering

Targeting and Reliability

Item Polarity

Empirical Item-Category Measures

Category Function

Dimensionality Map

Item Misfit Table

Construct KeyMap

Person Misfit Table

Separation Table

7 The Partial Credit Rasch Model

Clinical Interview Analysis: A Rasch-Inspired Breakthrough

Scoring Interview Transcripts

Ordered Performance Criteria for 18 Aspects of the Pendulum Interview Task

Partial Credit Model Results

Interpretation

ARMsteps

Category Functioning

Point-Measure Correlations

Fit Statistics

Dimensionality: Primary Components Factor Analysis of the Rasch Residuals

8 Measuring Facets Beyond Ability and Difficulty

A Basic Introduction to the Many-Facets Rasch Model

Why Not Use Interrater Reliability?

Relations among the Rasch Family of Models

Data Specifications of the Many-Facets Rasch Model

Rating Creativity of Junior Scientists

Many-Facets Analysis of Eighth-Grade Writing

Invariance of Rated Creativity Scores

Rasch Measurement of Facets Beyond Rater Effects

9 Making Measures, Setting Standards, and Rasch Regression

Creating a Measure from Existing Data: The RMPFS (Zi Yan, EdUHK)

Method: Data

Physical Fitness Indicators

Data Analysis.

Seven Criteria to Investigate the Quality of Physical Fitness Indicators

Results and Discussion

Consideration of BMI

Consideration of Sit-and-Reach

Consideration of Handgrip

Consideration of Push-Ups

Optimising Response Categories

Influence of Underfitting Persons on the RMPFS

Properties of the RMPFS with Subsamples

Age Dependent or Age Related?

The Final Version of RMPFS

Objective Standard Setting: The OSS Model (Gregory Stone, U Toledo)

Early Definitions

The Objective Standard Setting Models

Objective Standard Setting for Dichotomous Examinations

Objective Standard Setting for Judge-Mediated Examinations

Fair Standards, Not Absolute Values

Rasch Regression (Svetlana Beltyukova, U Toledo)

Predicting Physician Assistant Faculty Intention to Leave Academia

Rasch Regression Using the Anchored Formulation

Rasch Regression: Alternative Approaches

Discussion

10 The Rasch Model Applied across the Human Sciences

Rasch Measurement in Health Sciences

Establishing Rasch Psychometric Properties: The A-ONE J

More Than Mere Psychometric Indicators: The PAM

Refining an Existing Instrument: The POSAS

Optimising an Existing Instrument: The NIHSS and a Central Role for PCA

Creating a Short Form of an Existing Instrument: The FSQ

FSQ-SF

Theory Guides Assessment Revisions: The PEP-S8

Applications in Education and Psychology

Test Development

The Goodenough Draw-a-Man Test: One Drawing Is Good Enough

Rasch Measures as Grist for the Analytical Mill

Rasch Gain Calculations: Racking and Stacking

Rasch Learning Gain Calculations: The CCI

Racking and Stacking

Stacking Can Be Enough: UPAM

Sub-Test Structure Informs Scoring Models

Applications to Classroom Testing

Can Rasch Measurement Help S.S. Stevens?.

Using Rasch Measures with Path Analysis (SEM Framework)

Rasch Person Measures Used in a Partial Least Squares (PLS) Framework

And Those Rasch Measurement SEs?

Can We Really Combine SEM and Rasch Models?

Conclusion

11 Rasch Modeling Applied Rating Scale Design

Rating Scale Design

Category Frequencies and Average Measures

Thresholds and Category Fit

Revising a Rating Scale

An Example

Guidelines for Collapsing Categories

Problems with Negatively Worded Items

The Invariance of the Measures across Groups

12 Rasch Model Requirements Model Fit and Unidimensionality

Model Fit and Unidimensionality

The Data, the Model, and the Residuals

Residuals

Expectations of Variation

Fit, Misfit, and Interpretation

Fit: Issues for Resolution

Misfit: A Fundamental Issue

In the Interim

Detecting Multiple Dimensions

Linear Factor Analysis: Problems and Promise

Rasch Factor Analysis (PCA)

Principal Components Analysis of Rasch Residuals: The BLOT as an Exemplar

One Dimension, Two Dimensions, Three Dimensions, More?

A Further Investigation: BLOT and PRTIII

13 A Synthetic Overview

Additive Conjoint Measurement (ACM)

True Score Theory, Latent Traits, and Item Response Theory

Would You Like an Interval Scale with That?

Model Assumptions and Measurement Requirements

Construct Validity

The Rasch Model and Progress of Science

Back to the Beginning and Back to the End

Appendix A

Getting Started

Data Input

Software

First Analysis

Output

What to Look For

Where to Look

The Item Statistics Table

Case Statistics Table

Next Steps

The Pathway Map.

Interpretation

Working with Excel and SPSS Data Files

Further Analyses

The Classic Reference Texts

Journal of Applied Measurement

www.rasch.org

Start Reading Rasch Research and Methods for Free

Computer Software for Rasch Measurement

eRm: Extended Rasch Modeling

Appendix B: Technical Aspects of the Rasch Model

Rasch Family of Models

Dichotomous Model

Parameter Separation

Rating-Scale Model

Partial Credit Model

Many-Facets Rasch Model

Rasch Model Assessment

Reliability Indices

Test Information

Appendix C: Going All the Way

Absence of Evidence Is Not Evidence for Absence

What Are the Weaknesses of Residual-Based Statistics?

Testing the Requirement of Equal Item Slopes: Global Model Tests and Model Fit Comparisons

Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis to Test the Equality of Item Slopes

Using Test Analysis Modules (TAM) to Test the Equality of Item Slopes

Using the Andersen Likelihood Ratio Test and the Rasch Graphical Model Check to Test the Equality of Item Slopes

Testing Dimensionality Using Structural Equation Modeling

Glossary

Author Index

Subject Index.

Notes:

Includes index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9780429030499

0429030495

9780429638343

0429638345

OCLC:

1142040799