Nuclear Waste : Management, Disposal and Governance / edited by Klaus-Jürgen Röhlig.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Röhlig, Klaus-Jürgen, editor.

Series:

IOP Ebooks Series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Hazardous wastes.

Hazardous wastes--Law and legislation.

Radioactive wastes--Management.

Radioactive wastes.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (272 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Bristol, England : IOP Publishing, [2022]

Summary:

In this edited volume, Klaus-Jürgen Röhlig brings together leading researchers from geoengineering, nuclear physics, materials science and the social sciences to provide an overview of the terminology and concepts required to engage with nuclear waste management. Addressing measures and strategies for managing waste from technical and societal points of view, the book is ideal for early-career professionals and students in the field.

Contents:

Intro

Introduction

Editor biography

Klaus-Jürgen Röhlig

List of abbreviations/acronyms

List of contributors

Chapter 1 Radioactivity

1.1 Primordial, radiogenic, and cosmogenic radioactivity and ionizing radiation

1.2 A very brief introduction to dosimetry

1.3 Dose due to natural radioactivity

1.4 Radiation protection

1.4.1 Exposure situations

1.4.2 Principles of radiation protection and dose limits

1.5 Radiation protection aspects of nuclear waste disposal

1.5.1 Dose limits

1.5.2 The long-term assessment of a geological disposal facility

Bibliography

Chapter 2 Nuclear fuel from cradle to grave: existing variants and future options for the fuel cycle and resulting waste types

2.1 The concept of life-cycle analysis and sustainability metrics as applied to nuclear energy

2.2 Features of specific interest, such as proven fuel reserves and fuel cycle options

2.3 Fuel cycle options and their impact on radwaste issues

2.4 Ways to relax the requirements for radwaste management and required reactor technologies

2.4.1 Higher burnup

2.4.2 Reduction of husbandry times by the partitioning and transmutation of minor actinides

2.4.3 Avoidance of long-lived actinides by the use of thorium (instead of uranium) fuel

2.5 Conclusions

Chapter 3 Other waste origins (industry, medicine, research): sources and resulting waste types

3.1 Radioactive waste types

3.2 Radioactive materials with natural radionuclides

3.3 Radioactive waste from medical applications

3.4 Radioactive waste from research activities

3.5 Radioactive waste from industrial uses of radioactive materials

3.6 Radioisotope production

3.7 Disused sealed radioactive sources

3.8 Radioactive waste arising from radiation accidents

Chapter 4 Waste management policy and strategy.

4.1 Policies and strategies: what should they contain?

4.2 Technical elements of a strategy and decisions

4.2.1 Objectives of strategies and technical elements with which to address them

4.2.2 Decisions with impacts on waste arisings

4.2.3 Strategic decisions concerning pre-disposal and disposal

Chapter 5 Waste conditioning and wasteforms

5.1 Conditioning

5.2 Wasteforms

5.3 Wasteform (matrix) materials

5.4 Waste packages

Chapter 6 Storage and transport

6.1 Storage of radioactive waste

6.1.1 Used nuclear fuel and its storage

6.1.2 Wet storage

6.1.3 Dry storage

6.1.4 Comparison of wet and dry storage

6.1.5 Long-term storage

6.2 Transport of radioactive material

6.2.1 Statutory basis of the transport of radioactive substances

6.2.2 Classification and labelling

6.2.3 Securing transports

6.3 Conclusions

Chapter 7 Disposal and other conceivable strategy 'endpoints' for different types of waste

7.1 Various ideas proposed for endpoints

7.2 Considerations of control, flexibility, retrievability, and passive safety

7.3 Technical solutions for disposal-the graded approach

Chapter 8 Geologic ('deep') disposal of high-level and other long-lived waste: host rocks, concepts, current international status

8.1 Geologic ('deep') disposal: basic objectives and requirements

8.2 What constitutes favourable geologic conditions?

8.3 Safety concepts and repository layouts for different host rocks

8.3.1 Disposal in crystalline rock: examples from Sweden and Finland (the KBS-3 concept)

8.3.2 Disposal in indurated clay: an example from France

8.3.3 Disposal in rock salt: an example from Germany

8.3.4 Summary and overview

8.4 Deep geologic disposal of HLW and SNF: current international status

Bibliography.

Chapter 9 Decision-making in the presence of uncertainty: the safety case as a tool supporting the development of a deep geologic repository

9.1 Safety-related statements, assessments, and reviews that support decisions in a stepwise repository programme

9.2 Safety case: evolution and elements-status and perspectives

Chapter 10 Legal and regulatory issues

10.1 The International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA

10.2 The Western European Nuclear Regulators' Association, WENRA

10.3 The 'Waste Directive' of the European Union

Chapter 11 Perspectives on risk and risk perception

11.1 Safety, risk, and uncertainty

11.2 'Creeping danger' and 'imminent threat'

11.3 Controversies about risk and uncertainty

11.4 How individual persons perceive risk

11.5 Risk perception, trust, and international divergence

11.6 Dealing with different risk perceptions in practice

11.7 Shaping the 'risk profile' in dialogue

Chapter 12 The politization and politics of nuclear waste: a socio-technical history

12.1 Introduction11I am grateful to Klaus-Jürgen Röhlig, Armin Grunwald, Jan-Henrik Meyer, and Jochen Ahlswede for their helpful comments on earlier versions of this chapter.

12.2 Nuclear history: attempts to map highly complex and interconnected fields

12.3 Nuclear history and nuclear waste: the slow emergence of a linchpin topic

12.4 Conclusions

Chapter 13 Role of stakeholder involvement in the implementation of radioactive waste management projects

13.1 Evolution of understanding

13.2 Factors that build and maintain confidence

13.3 Viewing a radioactive waste management project through the stakeholder lens: addressing stakeholder concerns and capacity building

13.4 Case studies

13.4.1 Canada.

13.4.2 Sweden (based on NEA 2021a, see also part II, chapter 15)

13.4.3 Switzerland (see also part II, chapter 15)

13.5 Recent developments

13.5.1 Added value

13.5.2 Youth involvement and sustainable intergenerational decision-making

13.5.3 Influence of the pandemic on stakeholder involvement

13.5.4 Knowledge management and transfer

13.6 Outlook

13.6.1 The role of social media

13.6.2 Stakeholder involvement after site selection

Chapter 14 Ethical aspects of high-level nuclear waste management

14.1 Introduction

14.2 The promise and fear of the nuclear age

14.3 Practical philosophy and ethical theories

14.4 Structural complexities

14.5 Accessibility and reversibility

14.6 Safety

14.7 Justice as fairness

14.8 Conclusions

Chapter 15 Geology, engineering, and society: repository siting as a socio-technical problem

Chapter 16 The German case for dealing with high-level radioactive waste: taking a socio-technical approach to address a socio-technical problem-chances and risks

16.1 The burden of history

16.2 A window of opportunity for a relaunch

16.3 The siting process

16.3.1 The institutional configuration of the selection process

16.3.2 Stages, phases, and steps of the process

16.3.3 Safety criteria

16.3.4 The national citizens' oversight committee

16.4 Current status, next steps, and challenges

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN:

0-7503-4417-2