Stroke rehabilitation : insights from neuroscience and imaging / edited by Leeanne M. Carey.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Carey, Leeanne M., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cerebrovascular disease--Treatment.

Cerebrovascular disease.

Cerebrovascular disease--Patients--Rehabilitation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xvii, 258 p. ) ill.

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York, New York : Oxford University Press, 2012.

Summary:

Stroke Rehabilitation: Insights from Neuroscience and Imaging informs and challenges neurologists, rehabilitation therapists, imagers, and stroke specialists to adopt more restorative and scientific approaches to stroke rehabilitation based on new evidence from neuroscience and neuroimaging literatures. The fields of cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging are advancing rapidly and providing new insights into human behavior and learning. Similarly, improved knowledge of how the brain processes information after injury and recovers over time is providing new perspectives on what can be achieved through rehabilitation.Stroke Rehabilitation explores the potential to shape and maximize neural plastic changes in the brain after stroke from a multimodal perspective. Active skill based learning is identified as a central element of a restorative approach to rehabilitation. The evidence behind core learning principles as well as specific learning strategies that have been applied to retrain lost functions of movement, sensation, cognition and language are also discussed. Current interventions are evaluated relative to this knowledge base and examples are given of how active learning principles have been successfully applied in specific interventions. The benefits and evidence behind enriched environments is reviewed with examples of potential application in stroke rehabilitation. The capacity of adjunctive therapies, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation, to modulate receptivity of the damaged brain to benefit from behavioral interventions is also discussed in the context of this multimodal approach. Focusing on new insights from neuroscience and imaging, the book explores the potential to tailor interventions to the individual based on viable brain networks.This book is intended for clinicians, rehabilitation specialists and neurologists who are interested in using these new discoveries to achieve more optimal outcomes. Equally as important, it is intended for neuroscientists, clinical researchers, and imaging specialists to help frame important clinical questions and to better understand the context in which their discoveries may be used.

Contents:

Cover

Contents

Contributors

PART A: CORE CONCEPTS

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Stroke Rehabilitation: An Ongoing Window of Opportunity

1.2 The Scope of the Problem: Prevalence and Impact of Stroke and Increasing Need for Stroke Rehabilitation

1.3 Recovery and Rehabilitation: Definitions

1.4 Neural Plasticity and Learning as a Basis for Stroke Rehabilitation

1.5 Neuroimaging and How it May Inform Stroke Rehabilitation

1.6 Paradigm Shift in Stroke Rehabilitation

2. STROKE REHABILITATION: A LEARNING PERSPECTIVE

2.1 Stroke Rehabilitation: Facilitation of Adaptive Learning

2.2 A Common Language for Rehabilitation Science

2.3 Experience and Learning-Dependent Plasticity: Implications for Rehabilitation

2.4 Role of Brain Networks in Information Processing and Recovery

2.5 Skill Acquisition-A Learning Perspective

2.6 Application in Context of Recovery after Stroke

2.7 Rehabilitation Learning Model: Rehab-Learn

2.8 Selected Learning-Based Approaches to Rehabilitation

2.9 Measuring Response to Learning-Based Rehabilitation

2.10 Summary and Conclusion

3. NEURAL PLASTICITY AS A BASIS FOR STROKE REHABILITATION

3.1 Neural Plasticity after Brain and Spinal Cord Injury

3.2 Implications for Stroke Rehabilitation

3.3 Increasing Neural Plasticity through Behavioral Manipulations and Adjuvant Therapies

3.4 Individualized Therapy

4. IMAGING TECHNIQUES PROVIDE NEW INSIGHTS

4.1 Introduction to Neuroimaging Techniques and Their Potential to Provide New Insights

4.2 What Neuroimaging Can Tell Us

4.3 Measuring Brain Function with MRI

4.4 Structural Connectivity, Including Tractography

5. MULTIMODAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Magnetoencephalography (MEG) and Electroencephalography (EEG)

5.3 Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

5.4 The Future? Neurorehabilitative Studies of Stroke Recovery and the Brain-Computer Interface

PART B: STROKE PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND RECOVERY

6. STROKE: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, RECOVERY POTENTIAL, AND TIMELINES FOR RECOVERY AND REHABILITATION

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Pathophysiology

6.3 Recovery Potential

6.4 Timelines for Recovery and Rehabilitation

6.5 Conclusions

PART C: STROKE REHABILITATION: CREATING THE RIGHT LEARNING CONDITIONS FOR REHABILITATION

7. ORGANIZATION OF CARE

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Models of Stroke Rehabilitation Services

7.3 Factors Affecting Access to Organized Stroke Rehabilitation

7.4 Ensuring the Quality of Care

7.5 Innovations in Rehabilitation and Application in Clinical Practice

7.6 Summary of Key Messages

8. MOTIVATION, MOOD AND THE RIGHT ENVIRONMENT

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Is Post-Stroke Depression a Specific Disorder?

8.3 Predictors of Post-Stroke Depression

8.4 Functional and Structural Brain Changes with Depression

8.5 Treatment of Depression in Stroke Patients

9. TRAINING PRINCIPLES TO ENHANCE LEARNING-BASED REHABILITATION AND NEUROPLASTICITY

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Task-Specific Activation of Brain Regions

9.3 Influence of Task Characteristics on Sensorimotor Performance

9.4 Task-Specific Nature of Motor Learning

9.5 Task Complexity

9.6 Behavioral Evidence for Task-Specific Training

9.7 Mental Practice of Tasks to Enhance Motor Learning

9.8 Increasing Repetitions to Enhance Motor Learning

9.9 Transfer of Training Effects

9.10 Implicit and Explicit Learning

9.11 Key Clinical Messages

10. ADJUNCTIVE THERAPIES

10.1 Introduction and Rationale

10.2 Pharmacological Studies

10.3 Transcranial Stimulation Techniques

10.4 Novel Therapeutic Approaches

10.5 Conclusions

PART D: REHABILITATION OF COMMON FUNCTIONS

11. MOVEMENT.

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Repetitive Task-Specific Training

11.3 Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy

11.4 Mental Practice

11.5 Electrostimulation and EMG Biofeedback

11.6 Robot-Assisted Training

11.7 Virtual Reality and Visuomotor Tracking Training

11.8 Other Approaches

11.9 Conclusions

12. TOUCH AND BODY SENSATIONS

12.1 Somatosensory Function

12.2 Somatosensory Loss after Stroke

12.3 Central Processing of Somatosensory Information

12.4 Neural Correlates of Sensory Recovery after Stroke

12.5 Treatment Principles and Strategies Arising from Neuroscience

12.6 Current Approaches to Sensory Rehabilitation

12.7 Toward a Neuroscience-Based Model of Sensory Rehabilitation

13. VISION

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Anatomy of Visual Pathways

13.3 Ipsilateral Representation of the Visual Hemifield

13.4 Striate-Extrastriate Connections-The "What" and "Where" Pathways

13.5 Ventral Extrastriate Cortex: Visual Object Recognition and Processing

13.6 Color and Movement

13.7 Visual Syndromes Caused by Stroke

13.8 Mechanisms of Recovery Following Stroke

13.9 Visual Recovery Hypotheses

13.10 Restorative Therapies: Rehabilitating the Human Visual System

13.11 Summary

14. GOAL-DRIVEN ATTENTION AND WORKING MEMORY

14.1 Introduction

14.2 What is Attention?

14.3 Learning Needs Attention, Working Memory, and Motivation

14.4 The Effect of Brain Lesions on Attention

14.5 Rehabilitation Post-Stroke

14.6 Summary and Conclusion

15. EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS

15.1 Stroke Rehabilitation: The Role of Executive Functions

15.2 Overview of a Multi-Level Understanding of Executive Functions

15.3 Neural Substrates of Executive Functions

15.4 Behavioral Measures and Interventions

15.5 Behavioral and Performance Interventions

15.6 Conclusions

16. LANGUAGE.

16.1 Neuroscience of Language: Neuropsychological and Lesion-Symptom Mapping Evidence

16.2 Functional Neuroimaging of Language and Recovery

16.3 Current Models of Language Rehabilitation

16.4 Treatment Principles/Strategies Arising from Neuroscience and Cognitive Neuroscience

16.5 Toward a Neuroscientifically Based Model of Aphasia Rehabilitation

PART E: NEW PERSPECTIVES AND DIRECTIONS FOR STROKE REHABILITATION RESEARCH

17. TARGETING VIABLE BRAIN NETWORKS TO IMPROVE OUTCOMES AFTER STROKE

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Measuring Connectivity to Predict Motor Outcomes

17.3 Priming Approaches

17.4 Conclusions

18. DIRECTIONS FOR STROKE REHABILITATION CLINICAL PRACTICE AND RESEARCH

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Key Findings for Stroke Rehabilitation Clinical Practice

18.3 Beyond the Lesion: Impact of Focal Lesion on Brain Networks and Rehabilitation

18.4 Use of Network-Based Models of Recovery in Stroke Rehabilitation

18.5 Targeting Stroke Rehabilitation to the Individual

18.6 Guidelines to Facilitate the Translation of Evidence to Clinical Practice

18.7 Perspectives and Directions for Stroke Rehabilitation Research

18.8 Conclusions

Index

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

J

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W.

Notes:

Description based on online resource.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed January 5, 2017).

ISBN:

0-19-935327-1

0-19-979798-6