Starting out in statistics : an introduction for students of human health, disease and psychology / Patricia de Winter and Peter Cahusac.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

De Winter, Patricia, 1968- author.

Cahusac, Peter, 1957- author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Medical statistics--Textbooks.

Medical statistics.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (312 p.)

Place of Publication:

West Sussex, England : Wiley Blackwell, 2014.

Summary:

Starting out in Statistics aims to provide an accessible book on a topic that many students find difficult. It includes modern, up-to-date methodology and is illustrated throughout with current examples, relevant to students taking courses in a range of human-related sciences, from biomedicine to psychology. It is essential for students to grasp the underlying statistical concepts which give them a stronger grounding in the subject, rather than simply learning to use statistical software, which although useful, does not arm a student with the skills necessary to formulate the experimental desi

Contents:

Starting Out in Statistics; Contents; Introduction - What's the Point of Statistics?; Reference; Basic Maths for Stats Revision; Statistical Software Packages; About the Companion Website; 1 Introducing Variables, Populations and Samples - 'Variability is the Law of Life'; 1.1 Aims; 1.2 Biological data vary; 1.3 Variables; 1.4 Types of qualitative variables; 1.4.1 Nominal variables; 1.4.2 Multiple response variables; 1.4.3 Preference variables; 1.5 Types of quantitative variables; 1.5.1 Discrete variables; 1.5.2 Continuous variables; 1.5.3 Ordinal variables - a moot point

1.6 Samples and populations1.7 Summary; Reference; 2 Study Design and Sampling - 'Design is Everything. Everything!'; 2.1 Aims; 2.2 Introduction; 2.3 One sample; 2.4 Related samples; 2.5 Independent samples; 2.6 Factorial designs; 2.7 Observational study designs; 2.7.1 Cross-sectional design; 2.7.2 Case-control design; 2.7.3 Longitudinal studies; 2.7.4 Surveys; 2.8 Sampling; 2.9 Reliability and validity; 2.10 Summary; References; 3 Probability - 'Probability ... So True in General'; 3.1 Aims; 3.2 What is probability?; 3.3 Frequentist probability; 3.4 Bayesian probability

3.5 The likelihood approach3.6 Summary; References; 4 Summarising Data - 'Transforming Data into Information'; 4.1 Aims; 4.2 Why summarise?; 4.3 Summarising data numerically - descriptive statistics; 4.3.1 Measures of central location; 4.3.2 Measures of dispersion; 4.4 Summarising data graphically; 4.5 Graphs for summarising group data; 4.5.1 The bar graph; 4.5.2 The error plot; 4.5.3 The box-and-whisker plot; 4.5.4 Comparison of graphs for group data; 4.5.5 A little discussion on error bars; 4.6 Graphs for displaying relationships between variables; 4.6.1 The scatter diagram or plot

4.6.2 The line graph4.7 Displaying complex (multidimensional) data; 4.8 Displaying proportions or percentages; 4.8.1 The pie chart; 4.8.2 Tabulation; 4.9 Summary; References; 5 Statistical Power - '. . . Find out the Cause of this Effect'; 5.1 Aims; 5.2 Power; 5.3 From doormats to aortic valves; 5.4 More on the normal distribution; 5.4.1 The central limit theorem; 5.5 How is power useful?; 5.5.1 Calculating the power; 5.5.2 Calculating the sample size; 5.6 The problem with p values; 5.7 Confidence intervals and power; 5.8 When to stop collecting data

5.9 Likelihood versus null hypothesis testing5.10 Summary; References; 6 Comparing Groups using t-Tests and ANOVA - 'To Compare is not to Prove'; 6.1 Aims; 6.2 Are men taller than women?; 6.3 The central limit theorem revisited; 6.4 Student's t-test; 6.4.1 Calculation of the pooled standard deviation; 6.4.2 Calculation of the t statistic; 6.4.3 Tables and tails; 6.5 Assumptions of the t-test; 6.6 Dependent t-test; 6.7 What type of data can be tested using t-tests?; 6.8 Data transformations; 6.9 Proof is not the answer; 6.10 The problem of multiple testing

6.11 Comparing multiple means - the principles of analysis of variance

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-118-92038-4

OCLC:

890146503