Fragility and conflict : On the front lines of the fight against poverty / Paul Corral, Alexander Irwin, Nandini Krishnan, Daniel Gerszon Mahler, Tara Vishwanath.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Corral, Paul, author.

Irwin, Alexander, author.

Series:

World Bank e-Library.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

War--Economic aspects.

War.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (pages cm)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Washington : World Bank Group, 2020.

System Details:

data file

Summary:

"Extreme poverty is in retreat today across much of the world, but Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations (FCS) are a stark exception. Not only is extreme poverty rising in economies characterized by conflict and fragility, but poor people in FCS are more likely than the poor elsewhere to experience multiple, overlapping non-monetary deprivations, further diminishing their chances to escape poverty and achieve a better life. And once countries enter conflict, it imposes heavy costs through its negative impact on economic development and welfare that can extend to future generations. The report argues that global efforts to end extreme poverty can only succeed with resolute engagement in FCS economies. It specifically proposes approaches that support evidence -based policy by tackling data deprivation, improving monitoring of country specific risk markers, prioritizing and targeting resources to the places most in need, and developing strategies to more effectively target investments in FCS"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Front Cover

Contents

Acknowledgments

About the Authors

Abbreviations

Introduction

An Urgent Challenge-and a Window to Respond

Book Structure

Note

References

1. Fragility, Conflict, and Extreme Poverty

Key Messages

Background: Living and Dying in a Two-Speed World

Data Deprivation in FCS

Overcoming Data Deprivation

A Clearer Picture of Global Poverty

Better Analysis in FCS Shows that Global Poverty Has Been Underestimated

Poverty Rates Have Risen in FCS, as They Fall Elsewhere

Economies Chronically in FCS Are Driving the Patterns

Conclusions

Notes

2. Challenges in Multiple Dimensions

Seeing Beyond Monetary Poverty

Losing Human Capital-Where It Is Needed Most

FCS and Growth: Negative Associations

Picturing a Better Future?

3. Long-Term Effects of Conflict on Poverty and Welfare

Conflict through a Human Capital Lens

The Impact of Conflict on Human Capital: Health

The Impact of Conflict on Human Capital: Education

Conflict and Intergenerational Socioeconomic Mobility

Conflict's Impact on Labor Market Outcomes

Impact on Productive Assets and Income-Earning Activities

Conflict-Induced Displacement: How Do Refugees Impact Host Communities?

Adding It All Up: Conflict Imposes Heavy Costs that Extend to Future Generations

4. Patterns of Fragility-Understanding Diversity in Country Profiles

Cluster Analysis for Creating Country Typologies

An Empirical Approach to Exploring Patterns of Fragility

Country Typologies

Cluster Profiles and Entry Points for Policy

5. Conclusion-Directions for Action on Fragility and Poverty

Addressing Data Deprivation.

Monitoring Fragility Markers

Prioritizing and Focusing Policy Action

Privileging Prevention

Fighting Poverty on the Front Lines

Appendix A: Computing Proximity to Conflict

Appendix B: Methods to Address Poverty Data Deprivation

Appendix C: Classification Tree of FCS for Fiscal Year 2020

Appendix D: Data Sources for Cluster Analysis

Appendix E: Governance Index

Boxes

Box 1.1 Assumptions Made to Overcome Data Deprivations

Box 1.2 Tackling Data Deprivation at the Country Level: Lessons from Somalia

Box 1.3 Backcasting and Forecasting FCS and Poverty

Box 2.1 The Multidimensional Poverty Measure

Box 2.2 The Human Capital Index

Box 3.1 Unfortunate Mothers and Unfortunate Children: Intergenerational Health Impacts of Civil Conflict in Nepal

Box 3.2 The Educational Impact of Shocks in Utero: Children Exposed to the Rwandan Genocide during Fetal Development Showed Reduced Educational Attainment 18 Years Later

Box 3.3 Education Is Forbidden: The Boko Haram Conflict Reduced School Enrollment and Educational Attainment in North-East Nigeria

Box 3.4 Measures of Intergenerational Mobility

Box 3.5 Can Refugees Boost Welfare among Host Populations? Evidence from the Syrian Crisis

Box 4.1 Clustering in Action

Box 4.2 Mixture Models: Latent Profile Analysis

Box 5.1 Counting the Displaced

Box B.1 Using Elasticities to Nowcast and Forecast Poverty

Figures

Figure 1.1 The World's Population Living in Proximity to Conflict Deaths Has Doubled in 10 Years

Figure 1.2 The Number of Displaced People Is on the Rise

Figure 1.3 Patterns of International Poverty Data Deprivation in FCS

Figure B1.2.1 Poverty across Population Groups in Somalia, 2017

Figure 1.4 The 43 Economies with the Highest Poverty Rates Are All in FCS and/or in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Figure 1.5 Impacts of Better Assumptions about Individuals Affected by Conflict

Figure 1.6 Poverty Trends in Economies in FCS and Other Economies, 2000-30

Figure 1.7 Poverty Trends by Backcasted FCS Category

Figure 2.1 Monetary and Multidimensional Poverty Are Higher in Economies in FCS

Figure 2.2 Overlapping Deprivations Are More Pronounced in Economies in FCS

Figure 2.3 Economies in FCS Are Lagging in All Aspects of Human Capital

Figure 2.4 Growth Is Negatively Correlated with Conflict Deaths and Fragility

Figure 2.5 People Living in FCS Are Less Satisfied with Their Life and Community

Figure 2.6 Most People Living in FCS Also Doubt that Things Will Get Better

Figure 3.1 Economies with Many Conflict Deaths Are Less Intergenerationally Mobile

Figure 3.2 Intergenerational Mobility in Iraq and Vietnam over Time

Figure 4.1 Scatter Plots for Select Dimensions Used in Clustering Countries

Figure 4.2 Cluster Means for Indicators

Figure 4.3 Country Clusters and Their Shares of the Global Poor, 2000-30

Figure 5.1 Potential Criteria for Prioritizing and Targeting Policy Action in FCS

Figure A.1 One in Five People in the Middle East and North Africa Lives in Close Proximity to Conflict

Figure B.1 Relationship between Poverty Rates, GDP per Capita, and Nighttime Lights

Figure B.2 Share of Growth in GDP per Capita Passed through to the Consumption Vector

Figure BB.1.1 Growth Elasticities of Poverty as a Function of Initial Poverty Rate

Figure B.3 Estimating Welfare for Displaced People, Jordan, 2015

Figure C.1 Classification Tree for Assigning Economies to the World Bank List of Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations, Fiscal Year 2020

Tables

Table 1.1 Backcasted Groups, 2000-19

Table B2.1.1 Dimensions of Well-Being and Indicators of Deprivation.

Table 5.1 Fragility and Conflict Profiles and Policy Priorities

Table B.1 Consumption and Inequality among Displaced People, Five Countries

Table E.1 Details about the Governance Index.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781464815478

146481547X

Publisher Number:

10.1596/978-1-4648-1547-8