Marine Conservation : Science, Policy, and Management.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Ray, G. Carleton.

Contributor:

McCormick-Ray, Jerry.

Smith, Robert L.

Smith, Robert L., Jr.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Marine resources conservation--Textbooks.

Marine resources conservation -- Textbooks.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (386 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Somerset : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 2013.

Summary:

Providing a guide for marine conservation practice, Marine Conservation takes a whole-systems approach, covering major advances in marine ecosystem understanding. Its premise is that conservation must be informed by the natural histories of organisms together with the hierarchy of scale-related linkages and ecosystem processes. The authors introduce a broad range of overlapping issues and the conservation mechanisms that have been devised to achieve marine conservation goals. The book provides students and conservation practitioners with a framework for thoughtful, critical thinking in order to incite innovation in the 21st century. "Marine Conservation presents a scholarly but eminently readable case for the necessity of a systems approach to conserving the oceans, combining superb introductions to the science, law and policy frameworks with carefully chosen case studies. This superb volume is a must for anyone interested in marine conservation, from students and practitioners to lay readers and policy-makers." -Simon Levin, George M. Moffett Professor of Biology, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University.

Contents:

Cover

Title page

Copyright page

Contents

Contributors

Preface

About the Companion Website

CHAPTER 1: In Pursuit of Marine Conservation

1.1 The Emergence of Modern Marine Conservation

1.2 Defining "Marine Conservation"

1.3 Marine Conservation's Scope

1.4 Adapting Marine Conservation to the 21st Century

References

CHAPTER 2: Marine Conservation Issues

2.1 Igniting Marine Conservation Concern

2.2 Primary Issues: Loss of Marine Biodiversity

2.2.1 Species extinctions and depletions

2.2.2 Overabundant species

2.2.3 Ill health

2.2.4 Abnormal behaviors

2.2.5 Critical habitat degradation

2.3 Secondary Issues: Human Activities

2.3.1 Extractions: over-harvesting natural coastal resources

2.3.2 Introductions: adding novelty to marine ecosystems

2.3.3 Physical alterations: structural changes of coastal systems

2.4 Tertiary Issues: Emergent and Unintended Consequences

2.4.1 Degraded coastal water quality

2.4.2 Global ocean change

2.5 The Challenge for the 21st Century

CHAPTER 3: Marine Conservation Mechanisms

3.1 The Toolkit

3.2 Biological Conservation

3.2.1 Species conservation

3.2.2 Habitat conservation

3.2.3 Biodiversity conservation

3.3 Spatially Explicit Conservation

3.4 Governance: Policy, Strategy, Tactics

3.4.1 Law

3.4.2 Science

3.4.3 Economics

3.4.4 Sovereign power of nations

3.5 Policy Instruments for Marine Conservation

3.5.1 U.S. national environmental policy

3.5.2 International governance and cooperation

3.6 Management Concepts

3.6.1 Fisheries management

3.6.2 Coastal management

3.6.3 Marine Protected Area management

3.6.4 Biosphere reserves

3.6.5 Restoration management

3.6.6 Ecosystem-based management

3.7 Agents for Conservation.

3.7.1 Environmental non-government organizations (NGOs)

3.7.2 Development and financial assistance organizations

3.8 Conclusion

CHAPTER 4: Marine Systems: The Base for Conservation

4.1 A systems Approach

4.2 Dynamic Planetary Forces

4.2.1 The global ocean and climate

4.2.2 Solar radiation and energy transfers

4.2.3 Earth's rotation, gravity, and fluid motions

4.2.4 Major geologic movements

4.3 Major Ocean Structures and Conditions

4.3.1 Physical structuring

4.3.2 Chemical structuring

4.4 Planetary Cycles

4.4.1 Water cycle

4.4.2 Biogeochemical cycle

4.5 Major Planetary Interfaces

4.5.1 Land-sea interface

4.5.2 Benthic-pelagic interface

4.5.3 Air-sea interface

4.6 The Dynamic Coastal Realm

4.6.1 Sculpting coastal land and seascapes

4.6.2 Land-ocean interactions

4.6.3 Geomorphologic patterns

4.7 The Coastal Realm: An Ecosystem of Global Importance

4.7.1 Attributes of the coastal realm

4.7.2 Ecosystem properties

4.8 The Ecosystem Concept

4.9 Ecosystem Base for Conservation

CHAPTER 5: Natural History of Marine Organisms

5.1 What Is Natural History?

5.2 Darwinian Evolution

5.3 Diversity of Marine Life

5.3.1 Taxonomic diversity

5.3.2 Measuring biodiversity

5.3.3 Diversity of form and function

5.4 Life History

5.4.1 Life in a fluid ocean environment

5.4.2 Life-history strategies

5.5 Biological Associations

5.5.1 Associations among species: Symbiosis

5.5.2 Associations within species: Populations and metapopulations

5.5.3 Multiple species associations: Guilds, communities, and niches

5.6 Biogeographic Patterns in Space and Time

5.6.1 Biotic spatial patterns

5.6.2 Transitional patterns: Gradients

5.7 Biotic Functional Diversity

5.7.1 Food-web and trophic functions

5.7.2 Disturbance.

5.7.3 Structurally and functionally modifying species

5.8 "Seascape" as an Organizing Principle

5.9 Natural History: The Basis for Conservation

CHAPTER 6: Chesapeake Bay: Estuarine Restoration with an Environmental Debt

6.1 The Great Shellfish Bay

6.2 Ecological Linkages to Natural Wealth

6.2.1 A complex ecosystem

6.2.2 Estuarine ecosystem efficiency

6.3 Eastern Oyster: Quintessential Estuarine Species

6.4 From Resource Abundance to Ecosystem Change

6.4.1 Natural-resource wealth in decline

6.4.2 Impact of watershed change

6.4.3 Accumulating an ecosystem debt

6.5 Bay Restoration: Chartering a Course

6.6 People Shall Judge

CHAPTER 7: Bering Sea Seals and Walruses: Responses to Environmental Change

7.1 A Short History of Dramatic Change

7.2 Biophysical Setting

7.3 Marine Mammals of the Southeastern Bering Sea

7.3.1 Natural history

7.3.2 Status, trends, and implications of environmental change

7.4 Ice-Dependent Pinnipeds of the Northern Bering Sea

7.4.1 Natural history

7.4.2 "Seascape" and habitat partitioning

7.5 Do Large Marine Mammals Matter?

7.6 The Conflict Arena

7.7 Cultural Factors: Subsistence Hunting, Traditional Knowledge, and Community Well-Being

7.7.1 Historical factors

7.7.2 The walrus in Native subsistence economies

7.7.3 Indigenous knowledge, co-management, and current environmental threats

7.8 Are Beringian Pinnipeds and the Bering Sea Ecosystem at Risk?

CHAPTER 8: The Bahamas: Conservation for a Tropical Island Nation

8.1 A Nation of Islands

8.2 Biophysical and Social Setting

8.2.1 General characteristics and geology

8.2.2 Biogeography and biodiversity

8.2.3 Historical social setting

8.3 Conservation Issues

8.3.1 National icon: The Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus.

8.3.2 Sea turtles in Bahamian waters

8.3.3 Wetland and creek habitat: The interface of land and sea

8.3.4 Invasion of Bahamian coral reefs by predatory Pacific red lionfish

8.3.5 Social and systemic issues

8.4 Governance for Sustainability

8.4.1 Protected areas

8.4.2 Government policy

8.4.3 Public partnerships and other mechanisms

8.5 Island System at a Crossroads

CHAPTER 9: The Isles of Scilly: sustaining biodiversity

9.1 Setting the Scene

9.2 Physical and Biogeographic Setting

9.3 Measuring and Measures of Biodiversity

9.3.1 Coastal-marine habitat diversity

9.3.2 Organismal diversity

9.4 Sustaining Biodiversity from Possible Threats

9.4.1 Pollution

9.4.2 Fishing

9.4.3 Climate change

9.4.4 Tourism

9.5 Conservation Legislation, Mechanisms, and Voluntary Actions

9.5.1 International and national policies

9.5.2 Local applications

9.6 The Conservation status of Scilly

CHAPTER 10: Gwaii Haanas: From Conflict to Cooperative Management

10.1 Nation-to-Nation Pursuit of Land-Sea Conservation

10.2 Natural Heritage

10.2.1 Dynamic landscapes

10.2.2 Climatic variability

10.2.3 Oceanographic variability

10.2.4 Biodiversity

10.2.5 Land-sea interface

10.3 Cultural and Commercial Heritage

10.4 Integrating Land-Sea Conservation

10.4.1 Laws, accords, and policies set the stage

10.4.2 Interim management and zoning

10.4.3 Gwaii Haanas Marine within regional marine planning and management

10.5 Crucible for Ecosystem-Based Management

CHAPTER 11: South Africa: Coastal-Marine Conservation and Resource Management in a Dynamic Socio-Political Environment

11.1 A Challenge for Governance

11.2 South Africa's Coastal Realm: Physical, Biotic, and Human Setting

11.2.1 Physical-biotic characteristics.

11.2.2 Cultural differences

11.3 Major Conservation Issues of South African Coasts

11.3.1 Population growth and coastal development

11.3.2 Extraction of natural resources

11.4 Coastal Resource Management: Past and Present

11.4.1 Living marine resources management

11.4.2 Recent developments

11.5 In Pursuit of the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve

11.5.1 The biosphere-reserve concept

11.5.2 Initiating the Kogelberg Biosphere Reserve

11.5.3 Implementing marine conservation: the Kogelberg Marine Working Group

11.6 The Future of Coastal Management in South Africa

CHAPTER 12: Species-Driven Conservation of Patagonian Seascapes

12.1 Darwin's Patagonia

12.2 A Conservation Dilemma

12.3 Oceanographic and Biogeographic Settings

12.4 Conservation Setting: The Status of a Non-Pristine Ocean

12.5 Seascape Species: A First Approach to Setting Conservation Priorities

12.6 From Seascape Spaces to Important Foraging Areas

12.7 The Concept of "Large Ocean Reserves"

12.8 A First Step Towards a Patagonian Sea LOR: Candidate Areas for Conservation

12.8.1 Blue Hole

12.8.2 Canyons of the shelf slope

12.8.3 Burdwood Bank

12.8.4 Corridors and marine extensions of coastal areas

12.9 Making Slow Progress

CHAPTER 13: From Being to Becoming: A Future Vision

13.1 The New Normal

13.2 From Being . . .

13.3 . . . To Becoming

13.3.1 Managing fish, fisheries, and fishermen

13.3.2 Managing uses along congested coasts

13.3.3 Protecting species and spaces

13.4 Emerging Concepts for Marine Conservation

13.4.1 Ecosystem-based management (EBM)

13.4.2 Marine spatial planning

13.4.3 Achieving resilience practice

13.4.4 Engaging the social system

13.5 Look to the Future

Species index

Subject Index.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Other Format:

Print version: Ray, G. Carleton Marine Conservation

ISBN:

9781118714409

OCLC:

860923508