America COMPETES Act : programs, funding and developments / Lyman B. Eiggerman, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Eiggerman, Lyman B.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

United States. America COMPETES Act.

United States.

Technological innovations--Law and legislation--United States.

Technological innovations.

Science and state--United States.

Science and state.

Technology and state--United States.

Technology and state.

Federal aid to research--United States.

Federal aid to research.

Science--Study and teaching--Law and legislation--United States.

Science.

Technical education--Law and legislation--United States.

Technical education.

Competition--Government policy--United States.

Competition.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (206 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2009.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

On August 2, 2007, Congress passed the America COMPETES Act (H.R. 2272), which the President signed into law (P.L. 110-69) on August 9, 2007. The act responds to concerns that the United States may not be able to compete economically with other nations in the future due to insufficient investment today in science and technology research and science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and workforce development. A similar concern had led President Bush to announce the American Competitiveness Initiative (ACI) in January 2006 during his State of the Union address. The America COMPETES Act authorizes an increase in the nation's investment in science and engineering research and in STEM education from kindergarten to graduate school and postdoctoral education. The act also establishes the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) and Discovery Science and Engineering Innovation Institutes. (Appendix A provides a summary of the act's programs.) The act authorizes increases in funding for the National Science Foundation (NSF), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) laboratories, and the Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science over FY2008-FY2010. If maintained, the increases would double the budgets of those agencies over seven years. The Administration's ACI also proposes a doubling-path, but for over ten years for physical sciences and engineering research at the three agencies. Within DOE, ARPA-E is designed to support transformational energy technology research projects with the goal of enhancing the economic and energy security of the United States, based on the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA). The Administration and others support the conceptual goal of ARPA-E, but questions whether or not the DARPA model can be used for the energy sector, and has concerns about it potentially redirecting funds from current DOE research activities. ARPA-E proponents counter that ARPA-E is needed to facilitate the energy marketplace by accelerating research that will bridge the gap between basic research and industrial development. At the heart of the America COMPETES Act is the goal of maintaining the United States as the leader in the global economy. Three broad trends influence today's globalization of the economy. The first is technology, which has sharply reduced the cost of communication and transportation that previously divided markets. The second is a dramatic increase in the world supply of labor producing goods and services traded internationally. The third is government policies that have reduced barriers to trade and investment.

Contents:

Intro

America COMPETES Act: Programs, Funding and Developments

Contents

Preface

America COMPETES Act: Programs, Funding and Selected Issues

Abstract

Overview of America COMPETES Act

Overview of U.S. Competitiveness Initiatives

Issues for Congress

Perspectives on the Definition of Competitiveness

General Issues

American Competitiveness Initiative

Science and Engineering Research

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Education

Appropriations Status

Evaluation of the America COMPETES Act

Evaluation Mechanisms within the America COMPETES Act

Evaluation Mechanism beyong those in the America COMPETES Act

Concluding Observations

Appendix A. Summary of Legislative History

Appendix B. Legislative Information System Summary of America Competes Act

Title I: Office of Science and Technology Policy

Government-Wide Science

Title II: National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Title III: National Institute of Standards and Technology

Title IV: Ocean and Atmospheric Programs

Title V: Department of Energy-Protecting America's Competitive Edge Through Energy Act, or the PACE-Energy Act

Title VI: Education

Title VII: National Science Foundation

Title VIII: General Provisions

References

The America COMPETES Act and the FY2009 Budget

Overview of the America COMPETES Act

Agency Programs and the America COMPETES Act

National Institute of Standards and Technology

Department of Energy

Department of Education

National Science Foundation

Congressional Activities

Technology Transfer: Use of Federally Funded Research and Development

Most Recent Developments

Background and Analysis

Technology Transfer to Private Sector: Federal Interest.

Technology Transfer to State and Local Governments: Rationale for Federal Activity

Current Federal Efforts to Promote Technology Transfer

Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer

P.L. 96-480, P.L. 99-502, and Amendments

P.L. 100-418, Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act

Patents

Small Business Technology Transfer Program

Further Considerations

Legislation in the 110th Congress

Research and Development: Essential Foundation for U.S. Competitiveness in a Global Economy

National Science Board

Committee on Education and Human Resources, Subcommittee on Science and Engineering Indicators

U.S. Basic Research: A Need for Serious National Attention

Global Competition in Science and Technology: A Strong National Response Required

Basic Research: A Declining National Commitment

International Competitiveness of the U.S. in Science and Technology

Publications

Intellectual Property and Industrial Innovation

Competitiveness of U.S. Industry

Global Investment by Industry in Innovation

The Road Ahead: Conclusions and Recommendations

The Global Competitive Environment, Drivers of Change, and Potential Implications for Federal Policy

Past and Current Competitiveness Challenges

Drivers of Change

Potential Implications for Policy: Issues for Consideration

Index.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-60876-663-2