Rollover Accident Reconstruction.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Armstrong, Christopher.

Series:

Collision Reconstruction Methodologies

Collision Reconstruction Methodologies ; v.6B

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Rollover vehicle accidents.

Traffic accident investigation.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (484 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Other Title:

Collision Reconstruction Methodologies Volume 6B

Place of Publication:

Warrendale : SAE International, 2018.

Summary:

The last ten years have seen explosive growth in the technology available to the collision analyst, changing the way reconstruction is practiced in fundamental ways. The greatest technological advances for the crash reconstruction community have come in the realms of photogrammetry and digital media analysis. The widespread use of scanning technology has facilitated the implementation of powerful new tools to digitize forensic data, create 3D models and visualize and analyze crash vehicles and environments. The introduction of unmanned aerial systems and standardization of crash data recorders to the crash reconstruction community have enhanced the ability of a crash analyst to visualize and model the components of a crash reconstruction. Because of the technological changes occurring in the industry, many SAE papers have been written to address the validation and use of new tools for collision reconstruction. Collision Reconstruction Methodologies Volumes 1-12 bring together seminal SAE technical papers surrounding advancements in the crash reconstruction field. Topics featured in the series include: * Night Vision Study and Photogrammetry * Vehicle Event Data Recorders * Motorcycle, Heavy Vehicle, Bicycle and Pedestrian Accident Reconstruction The goal is to provide the latest technologies and methodologies being introduced into collision reconstruction - appealing to crash analysts, consultants and safety engineers alike.

Contents:

Cover

Table of Contents

Introduction

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 1 Vehicle Linear and Rotational Acceleration, Velocity, and Displacement during Staged Rollover Collisions

Methodology

Vehicles

Sled

Instrumentation

Video

Test Procedure

Results

Accelerometer Data Processing

Discussion

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Appendix A

Appendix B

Buick Photographs

Oldsmobile Photographs

Pontiac Photographs

Mercury Photographs

Appendix C

Buick Accelerometer Data

Oldsmobile Accelerometer Data

Pontiac Accelerometer Data

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 2 Rollover Crash Tests on Dirt: An Examination of Rollover Dynamics

Methods

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 3 A Method for Determining the Vehicle-to-Ground Contact Load during Laboratory-Based Rollover Tests

Background

(1) Method for Measurement of Dynamic Structural Deformation

(2) Means to Monitor Vehicle-to-Ground Contact Load

Generation of a FEA Model of the Test Vehicle

Validation of the FEA Model

Camera-Matching Video Analysis of Image

Simulation Procedure

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 4 Vehicle and Occupant Responses in a Friction Trip Rollover Test

Analysis of Impact Biomechanics

Simulation of Vehicle and Occupant Kinematics Vehicle Motion Model

Occupant and Restraint Kinematics Model

Vehicle and Dummy Responses

Responses at Peak Neck Compression

Analysis of the Z-Axis Dynamics

Effect of a Rigid Roof

Improving Occupant Safety in a Rollover.

Dynamic Stiffness of the Hybrid III Neck

Injury Mechanism

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 5 Rollover Testing on an Actual Highway

Loss of Control

Tripping

Rollover

Objective

Rural Highway Testing

General Test Procedure

General Test Documentation

Closed Test-Track

Test Documentation

Loss-of-Control Phase

Tripping Phase

Trip Velocity Extrapolation

Trip Velocity Integration

Rolling Phase

References and Biblography

Appendix Test #1 1996 Buick Skylark No-Roll

Appendix Test #2 1996 Buick Skylark 6 Rolls

Appendix Test #3 1984 AMC Eagle 3 Rolls

Appendix Test #4 1987 Ford Taurus No-Roll

Appendix Test #5 1987 Ford Taurus 1 Roll

Appendix Test #6 1991 Ford Escort 8 Rolls

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 6 Review and Comparison of Published Rollover Test Results

History and Description of RTD

The NHTSA RTD History

The NHTSA RTD Test Configuration

Review and Analysis of NHTSA RTD Test Data

Calculation Method for Determining Vehicle Average Deceleration

Results of NHTSA RTD Rollover Crash Test Analysis

Analysis of Rollover Data Other than NHTSA RTD Rollover Test Data

Comparison of NHTSA RTD Rollover Test Data with Other Rollover Data

Summary/Conclusions

Additional Sources

Appendix

Appendix A Summary of Nhtsa Rollover Tests

Appendix B Summary of Rollover Test Analysis

Appendix C Graphs

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 7 Dynamic Response of Vehicle Roof Structure and ATD Neck Loading During Dolly Rollover Tests

Forester Rollover Test Series: Overview

Forester Test Series: Vehicle Setup

Forester Test # 1: Dirt Surface

Forester Test # 2: Concrete Surface.

Forester Test # 3: Dirt Surface

Kinematics and Energy Analysis

Forester Rollover Research Test Series Summary

Forester Test #1 on Dirt

Forester Test #2 on Concrete

Forester Test #3 on Dirt With ATDS

Glass Fracture Analysis

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 8 Rollover Testing of Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs) on an Actual Highway

Method

Onboard Instrumentation

Photographs and Video

Measurements of Physical Evidence

Loss-of-Control Discussion

Tripping Phase Discussion

Rolling Phase Discussion

Notes

1996 Oldsmobile Bravada 10.5 Rolls Test #1

1991 Isuzu Rodeo 7.0 Rolls Test #2

1994 Nissan Pathfinder No Roll Test #3

1994 Nissan Pathfinder 3.5 Rolls Test #4

2002 Ford Explorer No Roll Test #5

2002 Ford Explorer 2.0 Rolls Test #6

1998 Ford Expedition 1.5 Rolls Test #7

1991 Mitsubishi Montero 8.5 Rolls Test #8

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 9 ATV Rollover Resistance: Testing of Side-By-Side ATV Rollover Initiations

Experimental Methods

Test Vehicle: Static Calculations

Test Vehicle: Measuring Moments of Inertia

Test Results: SSF and Inertias

Test Procedure: Dynamic Testing

Slowly Increasing Speed Maneuver

Testing Results

Tire Properties of RUVs

Important Considerations Related to RUV Roll Initiation

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 10 Evaluation of Dynamic Roof Deformation in Rollover Crash Tests

Test Series Description

Vehicle Instrumentation

High-Speed Digital Motion Cameras.

Data Analysis

Analysis of String Potentiometer Motion

Determining Dynamic Roof Deformation by Trilateration

Closed-Form Solution

Numerical Methods

Onboard 3D Photogrammetry

String Potentiometer vs. 3D Photogrammetry Data

Error Sources in Measurement

String Potentiometers

3D Photogrammetry

Post-Test Coordinate Measurements vs. End-of-Test Coordinate Locations

Measurement Technique Limitations

Test Data

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 11 Comparing Dolly Rollover Testing to Steer-Induced Rollover Events for an Enhanced Understanding of Off-Road Rollover Dynamics

Peer Rollover Events

Group A

Group B

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 12 Rollover Crash Test Results: Steer-Induced Rollovers

Prior Publication of Steer-Induced Rollover Tests

Rollover Phases

Roll Phase

Rollover Drag Factor

GPS Speed Sensor

Test Setup

Vehicle Preparation

Crash Site Documentation

Test Vehicle Documentation

Rollover Reconstruction

Rollover Phase Duration

Over-The-Ground Speed Calculation

Verification of GPS Sensor Speed Output

Data Filtering

Rollover Tests

GPS Speed Output Verification Test

Trip Point

GPS Sensor Output Correction

Average Drag Factors

Bilinear Decelerations and Roll Rate Peak

Observations

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 13 Rollover Testing of Recreational Off-Highway Vehicles (ROVs) for Accident Reconstruction

Test Vehicle Preparation

Scratch Mark Analysis

Appendix.

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 14 Rollover Initiation Simulations for Designing Rollover Initiation Test System (RITS)

Vehicle Modeling

Vehicle Validation

Static Tests

Dynamic Rollover Tests

Effect of Initial Speed

Monte Carlo Analysis

RITS Overview

RITS Simulation Set-Up

Deceleration Pulse

Required Acceleration

Sensitivity Analysis

Model Validation

Effect of Initial Speed on Vehicle Kinematics

Touchdown Conditions vs. Required Acceleration

Change of the Speed of the Sled and Tripping Time

Touchdown Conditions vs. Deceleration Pulse

Vehicle Model

Ranges of Touchdown Parameters

Touchdown Parameters vs. Required Acceleration

Touchdown Parameters vs. Deceleration Pulse

Vehicle Testing

K&amp

C validation

Dynamic Rollover Test Validation

VOLUME 6B: CHAPTER 15 Rollover Testing of a Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) with an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU)

Video and Photographs

Pre-trip Phase

Data Correlation

Discussion of Results

Positional Data

Velocity Data

Acceleration Data

Angular Velocity Data

Reconstruction Data

Documentation

Definitions/Abbreviations

About the Author.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9780768092141

0768092140

9780768095241

0768095247

OCLC:

1130670049