Volatile Biomarkers for Human Health : From Nature to Artificial Senses / edited by Hossam Haick.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Hossam Haick

Contributor:

Haick, Hossam, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Biochemical markers.

Volatile organic compounds.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (526 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

London, England : The Royal Society of Chemistry, [2023]

Summary:

This book offers an outlook into the challenges in the continuing development of volatile biomarkers and their wider availability to healthcare research and industries.

Contents:

Intro

Title

Copyright

Contents

Part 1: Fundamentals: Origin and Emission of Volatile Biomarkers

Chapter 1 Origin and Emission of Volatile Biomarkers in Breath: End-tidal Perspective

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Endogenous versus Exogenous Origins of VOCs and the Breath Volatilome

1.3 Volatiles and Breath Tests in Clinical Practice: Use of Substrates

1.4 Limonene and Liver Disease: Ingestion, Metabolism and Breath Analysis

1.5 Endogenous VOCs as Biomarkers

1.5.1 Isoprene

1.5.2 Acetone

1.6 Concluding Remarks

References

Chapter 2 Origin and Emission of Volatile Biomarkers in Breath: Basics and Dynamic Aspects

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Origin and Emission of Breath Biomarkers

2.2.1 Origin of Volatile Biomarkers

2.2.2 Emission of Breath Biomarkers

2.3 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 3 Blood VOC Biomarkers

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Blood VOCs Profiles

3.3 VOC Circulation in the Human Organism

3.3.1 Tissue:Blood Barrier

3.3.2 Gut:Blood Barrier

3.3.3 VOCs' Biotransformation

3.3.4 Blood:Breath Barrier

3.3.5 Blood:Urine Barrier

3.4 Interplay Between VOC Signatures in Blood, Breath and Other Tissues

3.5 Analytical Approaches Toward Detection and Quantification of Blood VOCs

3.6 Applications of Blood VOCs

3.6.1 Evaluation of Exposure to VOCs

3.6.2 Disease Markers

3.7 Concluding Remarks

Appendix

A.1 Case λb:air &lt

10

A.2 Case λb:air100, D = 0

Chapter 4 Origin and Emission of Volatile Biomarkers from Feces

4.1 Why Do We Need Fecal Biomarkers?

4.2 How Are Fecal VOCs Identified?

4.3 Where Do VOCs Come From?

4.4 Fecal VOCs in Healthy Donors

4.5 VOCs in Colorectal Cancer, Inflammatory Bowel Disease, and Irritable Bowel Syndrome

4.5.1 VOC Profile in Colorectal Cancer

4.5.2 VOC Profile in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

4.5.3 VOC Profile in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

4.6 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 5 Origin and Emission of Volatile Biomarkers from Urine

5.1 Introduction

5.1.1 Urine: A Medical Treasure in Disguise of Human Excretory Waste

5.1.2 Methodological and Technological Advancements Towards Identification of Urinary VOCs

5.1.3 Urine VOCs for Disease Diagnosis

5.2 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 6 Saliva and Related Specimens as a Source of Volatile Biomarkers

6.1 Saliva and Sputum as Matrices for Health Diagnosis

6.2 Production and Functions of Saliva

6.3 Contribution of Salivary Bacteria to Volatile Profiles

6.4 Diseases Related to Specific Biomarkers and Correlation with Volatiles in Saliva

6.5 Saliva VOCs as a Diagnostic Measure

6.5.1 Collection and Storage of Salivary Volatiles

6.5.2 Sample Preparation and Preconcentration of Salivary VOCs

6.5.3 Analytical Platforms for Detection of Salivary VOCs

6.5.4 Statistical and Chemometric Approaches

6.6 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 7 Origin and Emission of Volatile Biomarkers in Skin

7.1 Overview

7.2 Skin Structure and Related VOC Sources

7.3 Sampling Methods for Skin Analysis

7.4 Disease- and Disorder-related Skin VOCs

7.4.1 Neurodegenerative Diseases/Disorders

7.4.2 Infectious Diseases

7.4.3 Cancerous Diseases

7.4.4 Skin Wounds

7.4.5 Other Health Conditions

7.5 Skin VOC Detection as a Field Approach

7.6 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 8 Origin and Emission of Volatile Biomarkers from Genital Fluid

8.1 Introduction

8.1.1 Communicable Gynecological Diseases

8.1.2 Noncommunicable Gynecological Diseases

8.2 Looking for Biomarkers

8.2.1 VOCs in the Female Genital Tract as a Window for Possible Cancer Biomarkers

8.3 Hypotheses on the Origin of Gynecological Cancer VOCs.

8.4 Concluding Remarks

Acknowledgements

Part 2: Communication: Volatile Biomarkers as a Signaling Agents

Chapter 9 Signal Transfer and Transduction between Cells

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Potential Role of VOCs in Signal Transduction

9.3 Cell-Cell VOC Signaling in Cancer

9.4 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 10 Volatile Organic Compounds as Mediators of Immunological Signaling

10.1 Introduction

10.2 VOCs and Their Association with Inflammation

10.3 VOCs as Potential Mediators Regulating the Transcriptional Map of Human Monocytes

10.4 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 11 Volatile Signatures of the Microbiome

11.1 Introduction

11.1.1 What Does a Microbiome Consist Of?

11.1.2 Gut Microbiome-Host Interactions

11.1.3 Gut Microbiota Effects on the Host's Immune System

11.2 VOC-mediated Communication in Plant Microbiome

11.3 Human Microbiome VOCs

11.3.1 Gut Microbiome VOCs

11.3.2 Skin Microbiome VOCs

11.3.3 Breath Microbiome VOCs

11.3.4 Sampling Human Microbiome VOCs

11.4 Concluding Remarks

Part 3: Engineering Volatilomics

Chapter 12 Interplay Between Volatile Biomarkers and Body Fluids

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Ideal Gas Law, Diffusion, and Henry's Law

12.2.1 The Ideal Gas

12.2.2 Diffusion

12.3 An Introduction to Compartmental Mass Transport

12.4 Derivation of a Simple Two-compartment Model for Breath Concentrations

12.5 Isoprene-D5

12.6 Acetone-D6

12.7 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 13 Hybrid Volatilomics in Healthcare

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Potential and Typical Examples of Hybrid Volatilome

13.2.1 Lung Cancer

13.2.2 Tuberculosis

13.2.3 Digestive System Diseases

13.2.4 Urinary System Diseases

13.3 Utilization of Hybrid Volatilomics.

13.4 Steps Towards Realization of Hybrid Volatilomics in Point-of-care (PoC) Settings

13.5 Concluding Remarks

Abbreviations

Chapter 14 Engineering Volatile Biomarkers for Disease Detection

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Stable Isotope Selective Sensing

14.2.1 Helicobacter pylori: Urea Breath Test

14.2.2 Liver-related Conditions

14.2.3 Other Gastric Conditions

14.2.4 Malignant Disease Probing

14.3 Exogenous VOCs as Sensing Targets

14.4 Engineering Probes as Volatile Biomarkers

14.5 Concluding Remarks

Part 4: Translation: Use of Volatile Biomarkers for Human Health

Chapter 15 Sampling: The First and Most Important Step

15.1 Introduction

15.1.1 Transfer Function

15.1.2 Henry's Law and pH

15.1.3 Diffusion

15.1.4 Adsorption

15.1.5 Surface-mediated Transformations

15.1.6 Adsorption Sampling

15.2 Sampling Preparation and Task Lists

15.2.1 Breath

15.2.2 Saliva

15.2.3 Skin and Sweat

Chapter 16 Analytical Approaches for Disease Detection

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Compound Preseparation

16.2.1 Gas Chromatography

16.2.2 Multidimensional Gas Chromatography

16.2.3 Multicapillary Column Chromatography

16.3 Compound Detection

16.3.1 Ionization

16.3.2 Ion Mobility

16.3.3 Mass Spectrometry

16.3.4 Detection

16.3.5 Spectroscopy

16.4 Volatile Biomarkers Analysis

16.4.1 Analysis of Volatile Biomarkers by Gas Chromatography

16.4.2 Detection of Volatile Biomarkers Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry

16.4.3 Detection of Volatile Biomarkers Using Real-time Mass Spectrometry

16.4.4 Analysis of Volatile Biomarkers by Optical Spectroscopy

16.5 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 17 Monitoring Drug Pharmacokinetics1

17.1 Monitoring Drug Pharmacokinetics.

17.1.1 Understanding Pharmacokinetics with the Help of Volatile Organic Compounds in the Human Body

17.1.2 Pharmakokinetic/Pharmakodynamic Modeling

17.1.3 Advantages of TDM via breath

17.1.4 Analytic and Sensing Tools - From Research to Practice

17.1.5 Sampling

17.1.6 Preconcentration

17.1.7 Mass Spectrometric Methods

17.1.8 Online Example: Valproic Acid

17.1.9 Offline Example: Illicit Drugs

17.1.10 Optical Spectroscopic Methods

17.1.11 Chemical Sensors

17.2 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 18 Selective Sensors for Volatile Biomarkers

18.1 Chemical Sensors for the Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds

18.2 Selective Metal Oxide Chemiresistors for VOC Detection

18.3 Crystallochemical Approach to Selective Chemosensing

18.3.1 Sensing Behavior of TiO2

18.3.2 Sensing Behavior of WO3

18.4 Selective Gas Sensing and Polymorphic Control Using Temperature Variations

18.5 Selective Gas Sensing Based on a Specific Polymorph Independent of Processing

18.6 Employing Machine Learning to Achieve Gas Selectivity

18.7 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 19 Cross-reactive Sensors (or e-Noses)

19.1 Introduction

19.2 e-Nose Technology

19.2.1 e-Nose Concepts

19.2.2 Advances in Sensing Technology

19.2.3 Sampling VOCs

19.2.4 e-Nose Applications for Clinical Screening and Diagnostics

19.3 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 20 Nanomaterial-based Sensors for Volatile Biomarkers

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Nanomaterial-based VOC Sensors for Diagnosis

20.2.1 Selective Nanoscale Sensors

20.3 Concluding Remarks

Chapter 21 Wearable Sensors for Detection of Human Health Using Volatile Biomarkers

21.1 Introduction

21.2 Wearable Sensors for Detecting Breath Volatile Biomarkers.

21.2.1 Wearable Sensors Based on Inorganic Materials.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references.

Other Format:

Print version: Haick, Hossam Volatile Biomarkers for Human Health

ISBN:

9781839166990

1839166991

9781839167003

1839167009