Evolution and applications of quantum computing / edited by Sachi Nandan Mohanty, Rajanikanth Aluvalu, and Sarita Mohanty.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Mohanty, Sachi Nandan, editor.

Aluvalu, Rajanikanth, editor.

Mohanty, Sarita, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Quantum computing.

Quantum computing--History.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (352 pages)

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., [2023]

Summary:

A holistic approach to the revolutionary world of quantum computing is presented in this book, which reveals valuable insights into this rapidly emerging technology. The book reflects the dependence of quantum computing on the physical phenomenon of superposition, entanglement, teleportation, and interference to simplify difficult mathematical problems which would have otherwise taken years to derive a definite solution for. An amalgamation of the information provided in the multiple chapters will elucidate the revolutionary and riveting research being carried out in the brand-new domain encompassing quantum computation, quantum information and quantum mechanics. Each chapter gives a concise introduction to the topic.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Preface

Chapter 1 Introduction to Quantum Computing

1.1 Quantum Computation

1.2 Importance of Quantum Mechanics

1.3 Security Options in Quantum Mechanics

1.4 Quantum States and Qubits

1.5 Quantum Mechanics Interpretation

1.6 Quantum Mechanics Implementation

1.6.1 Photon Polarization Representation

1.7 Quantum Computation

1.7.1 Quantum Gates

1.8 Comparison of Quantum and Classical Computation

1.9 Quantum Cryptography

1.10 QKD

1.11 Conclusion

References

Chapter 2 Fundamentals of Quantum Computing and Significance of Innovation

2.1 Quantum Reckoning Mechanism

2.2 Significance of Quantum Computing

2.3 Security Opportunities in Quantum Computing

2.4 Quantum States of Qubit

2.5 Quantum Computing Analysis

2.6 Quantum Computing Development Mechanism

2.7 Representation of Photon Polarization

2.8 Theory of Quantum Computing

2.9 Quantum Logical Gates

2.9.1 I-Qubit GATE

2.9.2 Hadamard-GATE

2.9.3 NOT_GATE_QUANTUM or Pauli_X-GATE

2.9.3.1 Pauli_Y-GATE

2.9.3.2 Pauli_Z-GATE

2.9.3.3 Pauli_S-Gate

2.9.4 Two-Qubit GATE

2.9.5 Controlled NOT(C-NOT)

2.9.6 The Two-Qubits are Swapped Using SWAP_GATE

2.9.7 C-Z-GATE (Controlled Z-GATE)

2.9.8 C-P-GATE (Controlled-Phase-GATE)

2.9.9 Three-Qubit Quantum GATE

2.9.9.1 GATE: Toffoli Gate

2.9.10 F-C-S GATE (Fredkin Controlled Swap-GATE)

2.10 Quantum Computation and Classical Computation Comparison

2.11 Quantum Cryptography

2.12 Quantum Key Distribution - QKD

2.13 Conclusion

Chapter 3 Analysis of Design Quantum Multiplexer Using CSWAP and Controlled-R Gates

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Mathematical Background of Quantum Circuits

3.2.1 Hadamard Gate

3.2.2 CSWAP Gates

3.2.3 Controlled-R Gates.

3.3 Methodology of Designing Quantum Multiplexer (QMUX)

3.3.1 QMUX Using CSWAP Gates

3.3.1.1 Generalization

3.3.2 QMUX Using Controlled-R Gates

3.4 Analysis and Synthesis of Proposed Methodology

3.5 Complexity and Cost of Quantum Circuits

3.6 Conclusion

Chapter 4 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Algorithms in Quantum Computing Domain

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 Quantum Computing Convolutional Neural Network

4.2 Literature Survey

4.3 Quantum Algorithms Characteristics Used in Machine Learning Problems

4.3.1 Minimizing Quantum Algorithm

4.3.2 K-NN Algorithm

4.3.3 K-Means Algorithm

4.4 Tree Tensor Networking

4.5 TNN Implementation on IBM Quantum Processor

4.6 Neurotomography

4.7 Conclusion and Future Scope

Chapter 5 Building a Virtual Reality-Based Framework for the Education of Autistic Kids

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Literature Review

5.3 Proposed Work

5.3.1 Methodology

5.3.2 Work Flow of Neural Style Transfer

5.3.3 A-Frame

5.3.3.1 Setting Up the Virtual World and Adding Components

5.3.3.2 Adding Interactivity Through Raycasting

5.3.3.3 Animating the Components

5.3.4 Neural Style Transfer

5.3.4.1 Choosing the Content and Styling Image

5.3.4.2 Image Preprocessing and Generation of a Random Image

5.3.4.3 Model Design and Extraction of Content and Style

5.3.4.4 Loss Calculation

5.3.4.5 Model Optimization

5.4 Evaluation Metrics

5.5 Results

5.5.1 A-Frame

5.5.2 Neural Style Transfer

5.6 Conclusion

Chapter 6 Detection of Phishing URLs Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning Models Implementing a URL Feature Extractor

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Related Work

6.3 Proposed Model

6.3.1 URL Feature Extractor

6.3.2 Dataset

6.3.3 Methodologies

6.3.3.1 AdaBoost Classifier.

6.3.3.2 Gradient Boosting Classifier

6.3.3.3 K-Nearest Neighbors

6.3.3.4 Logistic Regression

6.3.3.5 Artificial Neural Networks

6.3.3.6 Support Vector Machines (SVM)

6.3.3.7 Naïve Bayes Classifier

6.4 Results

6.5 Conclusions

Chapter 7 Detection of Malicious Emails and URLs Using Text Mining

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Related Works

7.3 Dataset Description

7.4 Proposed Architecture

7.5 Methodology

7.5.1 Methodology for the URL Dataset

7.5.2 Methodology for the Email Dataset

7.5.2.1 Overcoming the Overfitting Problem

7.5.2.2 Tokenization

7.5.2.3 Applying Machine Learning Algorithms

7.5.3 Detecting Presence of Malicious URLs in Otherwise Non-Malicious Emails

7.5.3.1 Preparation of Dataset

7.5.3.2 Creation of Features

7.5.3.3 Applying Machine Learning Algorithms

7.6 Results

7.6.1 URL Dataset

7.6.2 Email Dataset

7.6.3 Final Dataset

7.7 Conclusion

Chapter 8 Quantum Data Traffic Analysis for Intrusion Detection System

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Literature Overview

8.3 Methodology

8.3.1 Autoviz

8.3.2 Dataset

8.3.3 Proposed Models

8.3.3.1 Decision Tree

8.3.3.2 Random Forest Classifier Algorithm

8.3.3.3 AdaBoost Classifier

8.3.3.4 Ridge Classifier

8.3.3.5 Logistic Regression

8.3.3.6 SVM-Linear Kernel

8.3.3.7 Naive Bayes

8.3.3.8 Quadratic Discriminant Analysis

8.4 Results

8.5 Conclusion

Chapter 9 Quantum Computing in Netnomy: A Networking Paradigm in e-Pharmaceutical Setting

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Discussion

9.2.1 Exploring Market Functioning via Quantum Network Economy

9.2.1.1 Internal Networking Marketing

9.2.1.2 Layered Marketing

9.2.1.3 Role of Marketing in Pharma Network Organizations

9.2.1.4 Role of Marketing in Vertical Networking Organizations.

9.2.1.5 Generic e-Commerce Entity Model in Pharmaceutical Industry

9.2.2 Analyzing the Usability of Quantum Netnomics in Attending Economic Development

9.2.2.1 Theory of 4Ps in Pharma Marketing Mix

9.2.2.2 Buying Behavior of the e-Consumers

9.2.2.3 Maintaining of Privacy and Security via Quantum Technology in e-Structure

9.2.2.4 Interface Influencing Sales

9.3 Results

9.4 Conclusion

Chapter 10 Machine Learning Approach in the Indian Service Industry: A Case Study on Indian Banks

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Literature Survey

10.3 Experimental Results

10.4 Conclusion

Chapter 11 Accelerating Drug Discovery with Quantum Computing

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Working Nature of Quantum Computers

11.3 Use Cases of Quantum Computing in Drug Discovery

11.4 Target Drug Identification and Validation

11.5 Drug Discovery Using Quantum Computers is Expected to Start by 2030

11.6 Conclusion

Chapter 12 Problems and Demanding Situations in Traditional Cryptography: An Insistence for Quantum Computing to Secure Private Information

12.1 Introduction to Cryptography

12.1.1 Confidentiality

12.1.2 Authentication

12.1.3 Integrity

12.1.4 Non-Repudiation

12.2 Different Types of Cryptography

12.2.1 One-Way Processing

12.2.1.1 Hash Function (One-Way Processing)

12.2.2 Two-Way Processing

12.2.2.1 Symmetric Cryptography

12.2.2.2 Asymmetric Cryptography

12.2.3 Algorithms Types

12.2.3.1 Stream Cipher

12.2.3.2 Block Cipher

12.2.4 Modes of Algorithm

12.2.4.1 Cipher Feedback Mode

12.2.4.2 Output Feedback Mode

12.2.4.3 Cipher Block Chaining Mode

12.2.4.4 Electronic Code Book

12.3 Common Attacks

12.3.1 Passive Attacks

12.3.1.1 Traffic Analysis

12.3.1.2 Eavesdropping

12.3.1.3 Foot Printing

12.3.1.4 War Driving.

12.3.1.5 Spying

12.3.2 Active Attacks

12.3.2.1 Denial of Service

12.3.2.2 Distributed Denial of Service (DDOS)

12.3.2.3 Message Modification

12.3.2.4 Masquerade

12.3.2.5 Trojans

12.3.2.6 Replay Attacks

12.3.3 Programming Weapons for the Attackers

12.3.3.1 Dormant Phase

12.3.3.2 Propagation Phase

12.3.3.3 Triggering Phase

12.3.3.4 Execution Phase

12.4 Recent Cyber Attacks

12.5 Drawbacks of Traditional Cryptography

12.5.1 Cost and Time Delay

12.5.2 Disclosure of Mathematical Computation

12.5.3 Unsalted Hashing

12.5.4 Attacks

12.6 Need of Quantum Cryptography

12.6.1 Quantum Mechanics

12.7 Evolution of Quantum Cryptography

12.8 Conclusion and Future Work

Chapter 13 Identification of Bacterial Diseases in Plants Using Re-Trained Transfer Learning in Quantum Computing Environment

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Literature Review

13.3 Proposed Methodology

13.3.1 SVM Classifier

13.3.2 Random Forest to Classify the Rice Leaf

13.3.2.1 Image Pre-Processing

13.3.2.2 Feature Extraction

13.3.2.3 Classification

13.4 Experiment Results

Conclusion

Chapter 14 Quantum Cryptography

14.1 Fundamentals of Cryptography

14.2 Principle of Quantum Cryptography

14.2.1 Quantum vs. Conventional Cryptography

14.3 Quantum Key Distribution Protocols

14.3.1 Overview and BB84 Protocol

14.3.2 The B92 Protocol

14.3.3 E91 Protocol

14.3.4 SARG04 Protocol

14.4 Impact of the Sifting and Distillation Steps on the Key Size

14.5 Cryptanalysis

14.6 Quantum Key Distribution in the Real World

Chapter 15 Security Issues in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks and Quantum Computing

15.1 Introduction

15.2 Overview of VANET Security

15.2.1 Security of VANET

15.2.2 Attacks are Classified.

15.3 Architectural and Systematic Security Methods.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9781119905172

1119905176

9781119905165

1119905168

OCLC:

1381096701