The parietal lobe / volume editors, Giuseppe Vallar and H. Branch Coslett.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Vallar, Giuseppe, editor.

Coslett, H. Branch, editor.

Series:

Handbook of clinical neurology ; Volume 151.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology ; Volume 151

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Parietal lobes.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (606 pages) : illustrations (some color).

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier, 2018.

Summary:

The Parietal Lobe, Volume 151, the latest release from the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, provides a foundation on the neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and clinical neurology/neuropsychology of the parietal lobe that is not only applicable to both basic researchers and clinicians, but also to students and specialists who are interested in learning more about disorders brought on by damage or dysfunction. Topics encompass the evolution, anatomy, connections, and neurophysiology, the major neurological and neuropsychological deficits and syndromes caused by damage, the potential for improvement via transcranial stimulation, and the role of the parietal in the cerebral networks for perception and action.- Provides a broad overview of the neuroanatomy, neurophysiology and clinical neurology of this region of the cortex- Offers additional insights regarding the role of the parietal in the cerebral networks for perception and action- Addresses the most frequent complications associated with damage, including somatosensory, perceptual, language, and memory, deficits, pain, optic ataxia, spatial neglect, apraxia, and more- Edited work with chapters authored by global leaders in the field- Presents the broadest, most expert coverage available

Contents:

Front Cover

The Parietal Lobe

Copyright

Handbook of Clinical Neurology 3rd Series

Foreword

Preface

Contributors

Contents

Section I: Neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of the parietal lobe

Chapter 1: The history of the neurophysiology and neurology of the parietal lobe

Animal studies

Introduction

Animal experiments and the parietal lobe in the 19th century

The anterior parietal cortex as part of the central (rolandic) zone in primates

Grünbaum and Sherrington and the separation of motor and sensory function in the anthropoid cortex

Campbell, Brodmann, and cortical cytoarchitecture

Challenges to a separated view of the motor and sensory cortical zones

Dusser de Barenne and strychnine application to the cortex

Philip Bard and the parietal lobe as a basis for somatosensory cortical reflexes

Adrian, Woolsey, and evoked somatosensory potentials

The development of lesion-behavioral experiments on the parietal lobe of monkeys

Selective lesions of the anterior parietal cortex

The PPC as a multimodal cortical region

Streams in and through the parietal lobe

Single-neuron recordings in the PPC

Human lesion studies

Anterior parietal damage: somesthetic deficits

Henry Head, Gordon Holmes, and the somatosensory disturbances produced by lesions of the cerebral cortex

Jules Dejerine and the cortical sensory syndrome

Wilder Penfield and cortical ablation and electric stimulation of the parietal cortex

Parietal lobe damage and muscle wasting

Posterior parietal damage

Visual disorientation

Asymbolia for pain

Sensory extinction

Amorphosynthesis

Constructional apraxia

Language disturbances: agraphia and alexia

conduction and central aphasia

Apraxia

Gerstmann syndrome

Disorders of spatial function

Unilateral spatial neglect.

Productive disorders: somatoparaphrenia

Conclusion

References

Chapter 2: The evolution of parietal cortex in primates

Parietal cortex organization in close relatives of primates: rodents and tree shrews

Parietal cortex in prosimian primates

The second major branch of the primate radiation: the tarsiers

The new world monkeys

Old world monkeys (cercopithecoidea)

Human and apes

Summary and conclusions

Chapter 3: Microarchitecture and connectivity of the parietal lobe

Architecture of the parietal cortex

Cytoarchitectonic parcelations in the human brain

Myeloarchitectonic parcelations in the human brain

Receptorarchitecture in the human brain

Cortical parcelation of parietal cortex in macaques

Connectivity

Corticocortical connectivity in human and macaque brains

Corticosubcortical connectivity in humans and macaques

Functional connectivity and large-scale network architecture

Conclusions and future directions

Acknowledgments

Chapter 4: Somatosensory maps

Somatosensory maps in primates

Multiple somatotopic maps in parietal cortex

Summary of ascending pathways for cutaneous stimuli in primates

Somatotopic discontinuities and the genital representation

Somatotopy of the trigeminal representation

Somatotopy of the hand and foot representations

Spatial precision and integration in cortical sensory coding of touch

Segregation of RA and SA responses into distinct columns

Somatosensory maps in rodent S1

Overview of rodent somatotopic maps

The column as a modular unit of cortical organization

Ascending pathways for whisker input to S1

Cortical circuitry in whisker columns

Functional organization of the whisker map

Response dynamics and multiwhisker integration.

Maps of whisker deflection direction and other parameters

Determinants of cortical magnification in somatosensory maps

Plasticity of somatosensory maps

Overview of map plasticity

Somatosensory map plasticity in nonhuman primates

Somatosensory map plasticity in humans

Somatosensory map plasticity in rodents

Mechanisms of somatosensory map plasticity

Relevance to recovery of function after stroke or peripheral injury

Further Reading

Chapter 5: The parietal cortex and pain perception: a body protection system

The pain matrix and the neuromatrix

The neuromatrix model

The somatosensory cortex

Pain modulation and activity of the parietal cortex

Vision of the body

Hypnosis

Masochism

Placebo

Nocebo

The relationship between parietal cortex functioning and pain

Pain and spatial processing

Similarities between patients with parietal cortex damage and chronic pain patients: the case of CRPS

Asymbolia for pain in brain-damaged patients

The body matrix model and the role of parietal cortex

Chapter 6: The parietal lobe and the vestibular system

Distinguishing features of the vestibular system compared to other sensory systems

The multisensory vestibular cortical network

Bilateral subcortical vestibular pathways to the temporoparietal cortex

Hemispheric dominance of the bilateral vestibular system (right in right-handers, left in left-handers)

The vestibular system and lateralization of brain function

Cortical vestibular functions: orientation, motion perception, and cognition

Cortical visual-vestibular interaction for perception of space and motion

Cortical vestibular representation in both hemispheres simultaneously but only one global percept

Disorders of higher vestibular functions.

Conclusion

Chapter 7: Multisensory and sensorimotor maps

Visual mapping beyond the occipital lobe

Five visual streams

Higher-level visual maps

Retinotopic maps in posterior parietal cortex

Multisensory parietal face and body areas

Primary and nonprimary somatotopic maps

Medial parietal maps

Peripersonal space and actions

Higher-level motion areas and navigation

Making and using the atlas

Chapter 8: Extinction as a deficit of the decision-making circuitry in the posterior parietal cortex

Extinction presentation and causes of extinction

Clinical neurology of extinction

Clinical presentation of extinction

Visual extinction

Auditory extinction

Tactile extinction

Motor extinction

Clinical causes of extinction

Decision making

Decision making as a distinct and separate cognitive process from action planning

Decision making and action planning are coupled into a parallel process

Probing the decision-making circuitry using reversible pharmacologic inactivation: an animal model for extinction

A computational perspective of extinction

Neural restoration

Possible rehabilitation strategies for extinction using a decision-making framework

Neural prosthetics based on superior parietal lobule activity

Conclusions

Section II: Neurologic and neuropsychologic deficits after parietal lobe damage

Chapter 9: Somatosensory deficits

Somatosensory processing in the parietal lobe

Principles of somatosensory learning and inference by the brain

The somatosensory pathway to the parietal lobe

The medial lemniscal pathway: discriminative touch and proprioception

The neospinothalamic pathway: pain and temperature.

The main somatosensory trigeminal pathway: discriminative touch and proprioception of the face

The spinal trigeminal pathway: crude touch, pain, and temperature of the face

Parietothalamic interactions

Organization of the somatosensory cortex

Clinical examination of somatosensory deficits

Examination techniques for primary somatosensory modalities

Tactile sensation

Motion and position sense

Vibration sense

Pressure sensation

Superficial pain

Temperature

Examination techniques for cortical somatosensory modalities

Stereognosis

Graphesthesia

Two-point discrimination

Somatosensory extinction

Autotopagnosia

Somatosensory evoked potentials

Standardized somatosensory assessments

Clinical presentations of somatosensory deficits

Thalamic lesions/thalamic somatosensory syndrome

Corticoparietal somatosensory syndromes

Clinical classification of somatosensory syndromes in the parietal cortex

Subcortical lesion of thalamocortical projections

Lesions of the primary somatosensory cortex

Lesions of the secondary somatosensory cortex and insula

Bilateral sensory impairment due to unilateral lesions

Lesions involving multiple cortical areas

Lesions of the posterior parietal cortex

Somatosensory-motor interaction

Inferring the anatomic location of lesions from the pattern of somatosensory deficits

Prognosis of somatosensory deficits

Rehabilitation therapy of somatosensory deficits

Passive somatosensory training

Active somatosensory training

Proprioceptive training

Implications for practice

Future perspectives

Chapter 10: Pain syndromes and the parietal lobe

A wounded lieutenant

Is the cortex involved in pain sensation?

Poststroke pain and somatosensory deficits

The cortical targets of the spinothalamic system in primates.

The posterior dorsal insula/medial parietal operculum as a functional unit.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (EBC, viewed April 14, 2018).

ISBN:

9780444636249

0444636242

9780444636225

0444636226