MRI of Short- and Ultrashort-T2 Tissues : Making the Invisible Visible / edited by Jiang Du, Graeme M. Bydder.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Du, Jiang, editor.

Bydder, Graeme M., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Radiology.

Local Subjects:

Radiology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (612 pages)

Edition:

1st ed. 2023.

Place of Publication:

Cham : Springer International Publishing : Imprint: Springer, 2023.

Summary:

This book comprehensively covers ultrashort echo time (UTE), zero echo time (ZTE), and other magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition techniques for imaging of short and ultrashort-T2 tissues. MRI uses a large magnet and radio waves to generate images of tissues in the body. The MRI signal is characterized by two time constants, spin-lattice relaxation time (T1) which describes how fast the longitudinal magnetization recovers to its initial value after tipping to the transverse plane, and spin-spin relaxation time (T2) which describes how fast the transverse magnetization decays. Conventional MRI techniques have been developed to image and quantify tissues with relatively long T2s. However, the body also contains many tissues and tissue components such as cortical bone, menisci, ligaments, tendons, the osteochondral junction, calcified tissues, lung parenchyma, iron containing tissues, and myelin, which have short or ultrashort-T2s. These tissues are “invisible” with conventional MRI, and their MR and tissue properties are not measurable. UTE and ZTE type sequences resolve these challenges and make these tissues visible and quantifiable. This book first introduces the basic physics of conventional MRI as well as UTE and ZTE type MRI, including radiofrequency excitation, data acquisition, and image reconstruction. A series of contrast mechanisms are then introduced and these provide high resolution, high contrast imaging of short and ultrashort-T2 tissues. A series of quantitative UTE imaging techniques are described for measurement of MR tissue properties (proton density, T1, T2, T2*, T1p,magnetization transfer, susceptibility, perfusion and diffusion). Finally, clinical applications in the musculoskeletal, neurological, pulmonary and cardiovascular systems are described. This is an ideal guide for physicists and radiologists interested in learning more about the use of UTE and ZTE type techniques for MRI of short and ultrashort-T2 tissues.

Contents:

Part I: UTE MRI - Data Acquisition

Basic Principles of MRI

An Introduction to UTE MRI

2D UTE MRI

3D UTE MRI

ZTE MRI

PETRA MRI

SWIFT MRI

WASPI MRI

Hybrid 3D UTE (Stack of STAR, AWSOS)

Cartesian Variable TE MRI

Part II: UTE MRI - Contrast Mechanisms

UTE with Echo Subtraction

UTE with on/off Resonance Saturation

UTE with Adiabatic Inversion (Single IR, Dual IR, Double IR, IR Fat Sat, DESIRE, STAIR)

UTE with Water Excitation

UTE Fat/Water Imaging (UTE IDEAL, UTE Single Point Imaging)

UTE Spectroscopic Imaging

Pulse Sequence as Tissue Property Filters

Clinical Use of MASTIR Pulse Sequences

Part III: UTE MRI – Quantification

UTE T1 Quantification

UTE T2* Quantification

UTE Looping Star T2* Quantification

UTE T1Quantification

UTE Proton Density Quantification

UTE Magnetization Transfer Imaging

UTE Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping

UTE Perfusion

UTE Diffusion

UTE with deep learning for fully automated segmentation and quantitativemapping

Part IV: UTE MRI – Applications

UTE T2* in Osteoarthritis

UTE MRI Biomarker Panel in Osteoarthritis

UTE Porosity Index and Suppression Ratio in Osteoporosis

UTE Bound Water and Pore Water in Osteoporosis

UTE MRI Biomarker Panel in Osteoporosis

UTE MRI in the Spine

UTE MRI in Tendinopathy

UTE MRI in Psoriatic Arthropathy

UTE MRI in Hemophilia Arthropathy

UTE MRI in Temporomandibular Disorders

UTE MRI in Multiple Sclerosis

UTE MRI in Traumatic Brain Injury

UTE MRI in the Lung

UTE MRI in the Liver

UTE MRI in cerebral aneurysm and coil embolization

UTE MRI in Vascular Calcification

UTE MRI in Cryotherapy

UTE MRI of iron nanoparticles

UTE in PET/MRI

UTE MRI in “CT-like” bone imaging

Challenges and future directions in UTE imaging.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

3-031-35197-5