Activated Carbon : Progress and Applications / edited by Chandrabhan Verma and Mumtaz A. Quraishi.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Verma, Chandrabhan, editor.

Quraishi, Mumtaz A., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Carbon, Activated.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (304 pages)

Edition:

First edition.

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, England : The Royal Society of Chemistry, [2023]

Summary:

This book explores the various forms of activated carbon and their environmental, medical, and industrial applications.

Contents:

Cover

Preface

Editor Biographies

Contents

Chapter 1 Activated Carbon: Fundamentals, Classification, and Properties

1.1 Introduction

1.1.1 Structure of AC

1.1.2 Activation Reaction or Activation of Carbon

1.2 Categorization of Acs

1.2.1 Powdered AC (PAC)

1.2.2 Granular AC (GAC)

1.2.3 Extruded AC (EAC)

1.2.4 Bead AC (BAC)

1.2.5 Impregnated AC

1.2.6 Polymer-coated Carbon

1.2.7 Woven Carbon

1.3 Properties of AC

1.3.1 Iodine Number

1.3.2 Molasses Number

1.3.3 Apparent Density

1.3.4 Hardness/Abrasion Number

1.3.5 Ash Content

1.3.6 Carbon Tetrachloride Activity

1.3.7 Particle Size Distribution

1.4 Modification of the Properties and Reactivity of AC

1.4.1 Regeneration of AC

1.5 Applications of AC

1.5.1 Industrial Applications

1.5.2 Medications

1.5.3 Analytical Chemistry

1.5.4 Water Purification

1.5.5 Agricultural Applications

1.5.6 Distilled Alcoholic Beverage Purification

1.5.7 Fuel Storage

1.5.8 Gas Purification

1.5.9 Chemical Purification

1.5.10 Mercury Scrubbing

1.5.11 Food Additive

1.5.12 Skin Care

1.6 Largest Producers of AC in the World

1.7 Conclusion

References

Chapter 2 Industrial Applications of Activated Carbon

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Applications of AC

2.2.1 Water Industry

2.2.2 Food and Beverage Industry

2.2.3 Medical Field and Pharmaceutical Industry

2.2.4 Purification of Gases

2.2.5 Mineral and Metal Recovery

Chapter 3 Medical Applications of Activated Carbon

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Beginnings of AC in Medicine

3.1.2 Route of Administration

3.2 Medical Grade AC

3.2.1 Haemocompatibility of AC

3.2.2 Palatability of Oral AC

3.3 Wound Healing Using AC

3.4 Intoxication Treatment Using AC

3.4.1 AC as an Antidote

3.4.2 ACs as Drug Delivery Systems.

3.4.3 ACs in COVID-19

3.5 Conclusions

Abbreviations

Chapter 4 Analytical Applications of Activated Carbon

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Heavy Metal Removal Methods

4.3 Treatment of Industrial Sewage Using Adsorbents

4.4 Removal of Organic Dyes

4.5 Detoxifying the Environment of Toxic Organics

4.6 Removal of Antibiotics

4.7 Gas Adsorption/Storage

Chapter 5 Activated Carbon for Environmental Applications

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Environmental Applications of AC

5.2.1 Water Treatment

5.2.2 Removal of Organic Pollutants from Water

5.3 Oil Spill Cleanup

5.4 Control of Gas Pollutants

5.4.1 Odour Control and H2S Removal

5.4.2 VOC Removal

5.4.3 Mercury Removal

5.5 Treatment of Soil Pollution

5.6 Conclusion

Chapter 6 Environmental Applications of Activated Carbon

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Surface Chemistry of Acs

6.3 Significance of Activation

6.4 Physical Structure

6.5 Chemical Structure

6.6 Classification of the Surface of AC

6.6.1 Acidic AC

6.6.2 Basic AC

6.7 Synthesis Techniques of AC

6.7.1 Pyrolysis Carbonization

6.7.2 Hydrothermal Carbonization

6.8 Modification Methods of AC

6.8.1 Acid Modification

6.8.2 Alkaline Modification

6.8.3 Impregnation

6.8.4 Ozone Treatment

6.8.5 Plasma Treatment

6.8.6 Biological Modification

6.8.7 Microwave Treatment

6.8.8 Grafting of Different Moieties

6.9 Adsorption Process

6.9.1 Adsorption Isotherm

6.9.2 Adsorption Kinetics

6.9.3 Thermodynamic Studies

6.10 Mechanism of Adsorption onto AC

6.11 Environmental Applications of AC

6.11.1 Heavy Metals

6.11.2 Gas Adsorption

6.11.3 Pesticides

6.11.4 Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs)

6.11.5 Dyes

6.11.6 VOCs

6.11.7 AC as a Catalyst Support.

6.11.8 AC in the Food and Pharmaceutical Industries

6.11.9 AC as a Storage System for Gases

6.11.10 AC Cloths

6.11.11 Energy Storage Applications of Acs

6.12 Regeneration of AC

6.12.1 Thermal Regeneration

6.12.2 Chemical Regeneration

6.12.3 Electrochemical Regeneration

6.12.4 Bioregeneration

6.13 Conclusion

Chapter 7 Agricultural Applications of Activated Carbon

7.1 Introduction

7.2 AC Applications in Agriculture

7.2.1 Fertilization Applications

7.2.2 Environmental Applications

7.2.3 Desalination

7.2.4 AC-based Electrochemical Sensors for Agro-applications

7.3 Future Perspectives

Chapter 8 Alcoholic Beverage Purification Applications of Activated Carbon

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Synthesis Routes of AC

8.2.1 Pyrolysis Process

8.2.2 Physical Activation Process

8.2.3 Chemical Activation Process

8.2.4 Steam Pyrolysis

8.3 Applications of AC for AB Purification

8.3.1 Detoxification Using AC to Remove Microbial Fermentation Inhibitors

8.3.2 Dyes Integrated with AC to Attain or Lose the Optimized Color

8.3.3 Detection of Organic Compounds in Abs

8.4 Conclusion

Chapter 9 Fuel Storage Application of Activated Carbon

9.1 Introduction

9.1.1 Adsorption Phenomena and Activated Carbon Production for Fuel Storage

9.2 Fuel Storage Applications of Activated Carbon

9.2.1 Methane Storage on Activated Carbon

9.2.2 Butane Storage on Activated Carbon

9.2.3 Hydrogen Storage on Activated Carbon

9.2.4 Propane Storage on Activated Carbon

9.3 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

Chapter 10 Trends and Perspectives Towards Activated Carbon andActivated Carbon-derived Materials in Environmental Catalysis Applications

10.1 Activated Carbons and Their Many Properties

10.2 AC Catalysts

10.2.1 AC-based Catalysts.

10.3 Graphite-based Catalysts

10.4 CNT-based Catalysts

10.5 Graphene-based Catalysts

10.6 Environmental Catalysis Applications

10.6.1 PPCPs

10.6.2 Phenol and Phenolic Compounds

10.6.3 Pesticides

10.6.4 Microplastics

10.7 Trending Process Intensification Technologies:The Use of MWs and US as Enhancing and Synergic Energy Sources for Carbocatalysis

Chapter 11 Advanced Applications of Activated Carbon: Catalysis and Engineering

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Characteristics of AC as a Catalyst

11.3 Application of AC as a Catalyst

11.3.1 Catalytic CH4 Reforming with CO2

11.3.2 Transesterification for Production of Biodiesel

11.3.3 Catalytic Cracking and Pyrolysis of Vegetable Oil

11.3.4 Conversion of Glucose to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

11.3.5 Catalytic Oxidation of Nitric Oxide

11.3.6 Catalytic Wet Peroxide Oxidation

11.4 AC Modification

11.4.1 Surface Area and Porosity

11.4.2 Chemical Characteristics of AC

11.5 Summary and Outlook

Chapter 12 Food Industry Applications of Activated Carbon

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Fabrication of AC

12.2.1 Carbonization/Pyrolysis

12.2.2 Physical Activation

12.2.3 Chemical Activation

12.2.4 Physicochemical Activation

12.2.5 Microwave-assisted Activation

12.3 Applications of AC in the Food Industry

12.3.1 Sugar and Sweetener Industry

12.3.2 Oil and Fat Industry

12.3.3 Alcoholic Beverage Industry

12.4 Conclusion

Chapter 13 Influence of Activated Carbon on Metallic Corrosion

13.1 Introduction

13.1.1 Corrosion and Corrosion Mitigation

13.1.2 Activated Carbon: Fundamentals, Properties, and Applications

13.2 Types of AC

13.3 Production of AC

13.3.1 Carbonization

13.3.2 Activation

13.4 Feedstocks for AC

13.5 AC: As an Anti- corrosive Material.

13.6 Conclusion

Subject Index.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-83916-987-7

1-83916-986-9