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Designing Difference in Difference Studies With Staggered Treatment Adoption: Key Concepts and Practical Guidelines / Seth M. Freedman, Alex Hollingsworth, Kosali I. Simon, Coady Wing, Madeline Yozwiak.
- Format:
- Book
- Author/Creator:
- Freedman, Seth M.
- Series:
- Working Paper Series (National Bureau of Economic Research) no. w31842.
- NBER working paper series no. w31842
- Language:
- English
- Physical Description:
- 1 online resource: illustrations (black and white);
- Place of Publication:
- Cambridge, Mass. National Bureau of Economic Research 2023.
- Summary:
- Difference-in-Difference (DID) estimators are a valuable method for identifying causal effects in the public health researcher's toolkit. A growing methods literature points out potential problems with DID estimators when treatment is staggered in adoption and varies with time. Despite this, no practical guide exists for addressing these new critiques in public health research. We illustrate these new DID concepts with step-by-step examples, code, and a checklist. We draw insights by comparing the simple 2 × 2 DID design (single treatment group, single control group, two time periods) with more complex cases: additional treated groups, additional time periods of treatment, and with treatment effects possibly varying over time. We outline newly uncovered threats to causal interpretation of DID estimates and the solutions the literature has proposed, relying on a decomposition that shows how the more complex DID are an average of simpler 2X2 DID sub-experiments.
- Notes:
- Print version record
- November 2023.
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