Biomaterials for Neural Tissue Engineering / edited by Oguzhan Gunduz, Bulent Ustundag, and Mustafa Sengor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Gunduz, Oguzhan, editor.

Ustundag, Bulent, editor.

Şengör, Mustafa, editor.

Series:

Woodhead Publishing series in biomaterials.

Woodhead Publishing Series in Biomaterials

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Nerve tissue--Cultures and culture media.

Nerve tissue.

Tissue engineering--Materials.

Tissue engineering.

Biocompatible Materials--therapeutic use.

Tissue Engineering--methods.

Nerve Regeneration.

Guided Tissue Regeneration.

Medical Subjects:

Biocompatible Materials--therapeutic use.

Tissue Engineering--methods.

Nerve Regeneration.

Guided Tissue Regeneration.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (482 pages)

Place of Publication:

Cambridge, MA : Elsevier Ltd., [2023]

Summary:

Biomaterials for Neural Tissue Engineering covers a range of materials and technologies used for regenerating or repairing neural tissue. With a strong focus on biomaterials and scaffolds, the book examines the testing and evaluation pathway for in-vitro and in-vivo testing trials. This book introduces the reader to the fundamentals of the nervous system from a tissue engineering perspective and goes on to describe contemporary technologies used in the development of neural repair materials, as well as currently available biomaterials suitable for neural tissue repair and regeneration. This detailed reference is ideal for those who are new to using biomaterials in tissue engineering, particularly those interested in the nervous system, including academics and early career researchers in the fields of materials science, regenerative medicine, biomedical engineering and clinical sciences.

Contents:

Front Cover

BIOMATERIALS FORNEURAL TISSUE ENGINEERING

BIOMATERIALS FOR NEURAL TISSUE ENGINEERING

Copyright

Contents

Contributors

Biographies

1 - The need for biomaterials in neural tissue engineering

References

2 - Introduction to the nervous system from tissue engineering perspective

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Nervous system structure, neurons, neuroglial structure

2.3 Nerve injury and natural regeneration

2.4 Brain diseases and injury rehabilitation

2.5 Spinal cord injuries and central nervous system regeneration

2.6 Neural tissue engineering

2.7 Neural tissue scaffolding

3 - Natural, synthetic, and hybrid and composite biomaterials for neural tissue engineering

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Material requirements

3.3 Natural materials

3.3.1 Collagen

3.3.2 Gelatin

3.3.3 Hyaluronic acid

3.3.4 Chitosan

3.3.5 Alginate

3.3.6 Keratin

3.3.7 Elastin

3.4 Synthetic materials

3.4.1 Polylactic acid

3.4.2 Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)

3.4.3 Polyethylene glycol

3.4.4 Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)

3.4.5 Poly(caprolactone)

3.4.6 Other synthetic biomaterials

3.5 Hybrid materials

3.6 Conclusion

4 - Carbon-based nanomaterials for nervous tissue engineering

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Overview of carbon-based materials (CBMs) for nervous tissue engineering

4.2.1 3D carbon allotropes applied to nerve tissue engineering

4.2.2 2D carbon allotropes applied to nerve tissue engineering

4.2.2.1 Single-layer (pristine) and few-layer graphene obtained by CVD

4.2.2.2 Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO)

4.3 1D carbon allotropes applied to nerve tissue engineering

4.4 0D carbon allotropes applied to nerve tissue engineering

4.5 Final remarks

Acknowledgments

References.

5 - Microfluidic systems for neural tissue engineering

5.1 Introduction

5.1.1 Structure of a typical neuron

5.1.2 Nervous system injuries

5.2 Neural tissue engineering

5.3 Polymers used for neural tissue engineering

5.3.1 Natural polymers

5.3.2 Synthetic polymers

5.4 Methods used in neural tissue engineering

5.4.1 Microfluidic systems

5.4.1.1 Microfluidic construction

5.5 Overview of studies on neural tissue engineering using microfluidic system

5.6 Concluding remarks and future directions

6 - Therapeutic polymer gel system in neural tissue engineering

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Neural tissue engineering

6.3 Natural polymer hydrogel for neural tissue engineering

6.3.1 Agarose

6.3.2 Alginate

6.3.3 Chitosan

6.3.4 Collagen

6.3.5 Gelatin

6.3.6 Hyaluronic acid

6.3.7 Keratin

6.4 Synthetic polymer hydrogel for neural tissue engineering

6.4.1 Methacrylate polymer-based hydrogels

6.4.1.1 Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)

6.4.1.2 Poly(hydroxypropyl methacrylate)

6.4.2 Polyethylene glycol

6.5 Conclusions

7 - Growth factor delivery for neural tissue engineering

7.1 Introduction

7.1.1 General GF

7.1.2 Neural GFs and roles in NTE

7.2 Biological considerations

7.3 Material selection

7.4 Delivery strategies for growth factor

7.4.1 Nanoparticles

7.4.2 Nanofibers

7.4.3 Hydrogels

7.4.4 Microneedles

7.4.5 Carbon-based materials

7.5 Conclusion

8 - Computational methods in modeling of scaffolds for neural tissue engineering

8.1 Computer-Aided Tissue Engineering (CATE)

8.2 Finite element method-indispensable tool for TE scaffold design

8.3 TE scaffold optimization methods

8.3.1 Topological optimization

8.4 Use of artificial intelligence methods in TE scaffold design.

8.5 Numerical models of TE scaffold degradation

8.5.1 Phenomenological models of polymeric scaffold degradation

8.5.2 Mechanistic models of polymeric scaffold degradation

8.6 Computational models of tissue regeneration

9 - Drug delivery systems for neural tissue engineering

9.1 Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs)

9.2 Silica nanoparticles

9.3 Magnetic nanoparticles

9.4 Metallic nanoparticles

9.5 Liposomes

9.6 Lipoplex and polyplex nanoparticles

9.7 Lipid nanoparticles

9.8 Quantum dots (QD)

9.9 Carbon nanotubes

9.10 Dendrimers

9.11 Nanoemulsion

9.12 Micelles

9.13 Hydrogels

9.14 Nanofibers

9.15 Challenges and future perspectives

10 - Biofabrication techniques for neural tissue engineering

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Fabrication techniques

10.2.1 Electrospinning

10.2.1.1 Introduction

10.2.1.2 Operational principle

10.2.1.3 Fabrication controlling parameters

10.2.1.4 Manufactured setup and produced products

10.2.1.5 Pros and cons

10.2.2 Electromelting

10.2.2.1 Introduction

10.2.2.2 Operational principle

10.2.2.3 Controlling parameters

10.2.2.4 Manufactured setup and produced products

10.2.2.5 Pros and cons

10.2.3 Extrusion-based 3D printing

10.2.3.1 Introduction

10.2.3.2 Operational principle

10.2.3.3 Controlling parameters

10.2.3.4 Manufactured setup and produced products

10.3 Materials suitable for conduits networked architecture

10.3.1 Poly(caprolactone) (PCL)

10.3.2 Sodium alginate

10.3.3 Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (PHB)

10.3.4 Poly(lactic acid) (PLA)

10.3.5 Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)

10.4 Conclusion and future research

11 - Stem cells, bioengineering, and 3D scaffolds for neural tissue engineering

11.1 Biomaterials for engineering neural tissue from stem cells.

11.2 Microfluidic devices in tissue engineering

11.3 Drug delivery system for engineering neural tissue from stem cells

11.4 Extracellular matrix-derived tissues for neurological tissue engineering

11.5 Functionalization of self-assembling peptides for neural tissue engineering

11.6 New technologies for engineering neural tissue from stem cells

11.6.1 The use of two-photon polymerization technique in the fabrication of scaffolds to generate nerve tissues from stem cells

11.6.2 The effect of the spatial distribution of biochemical cues on the differentiation of neural stem cells

11.6.3 Use of miRNAs in the differentiation of stem cells in neural tissue engineering

11.7 Generation of neural organoids from stem cells and genome editing for engineering neural tissue

12 - Characterization of scaffolds for neural tissue engineering

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Neural tissue engineering

12.3 Ideal properties of scaffolds for forming neural scaffolds

12.3.1 Natural polymer-based scaffolds

12.3.2 Synthetic polymer-based scaffolds

12.3.3 Electrically conductive polymers

12.4 Methods for fabrication of neural scaffolds

12.4.1 Electrohydrodynamic techniques

12.4.2 3D printing approach for nerve regeneration

12.4.2.1 Other methods

12.5 Characterization techniques of scaffolds

12.6 Concluding remarks and future directions

13 - In vitro evaluation of biomaterials for neural tissue engineering

13.1 Introduction

13.2 The nervous system: cell biology

13.3 In vitro studies using biomaterials for neural tissue engineering

13.3.1 Natural biomaterials

13.3.1.1 Collagen

13.3.1.2 Fibrin

13.3.1.3 Hyaluronic acid

13.3.1.4 Heparan sulfate

13.3.1.5 Alginate

13.3.1.6 Chitosan

13.3.1.7 Graphene

13.3.1.8 Gelatin

13.3.1.9 Bacterial cellulose.

13.3.2 Synthetic biomaterials

13.3.2.1 Polycaprolactone (PCL)

13.3.2.2 Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)

13.3.2.3 Poly-D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)

13.3.2.4 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)/polyaniline (PANI)/polypyrrole (PPy)

13.3.3 Basic in vitro experimental designs for neural tissue engineering

13.3.3.1 Cytotoxicity analyses

13.3.3.2 Microscopy

Electron microscopy

Immunocytochemistry

Fluorescence-based microscopy

13.3.3.3 Flow cytometry

Cell phenotype

Cell cycle analysis

Detection of apoptosis/necrosis

13.3.3.4 Protein expression and enzyme activity analyses

13.3.3.5 Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)

14 - In vivo evaluation of biomaterials for neural tissue engineering

14.1 Realizing the problem and analyzing it comprehensively

14.2 Neural tissue engineering perspective in tissue engineering therapies

14.3 Regeneration of peripheral and central nervous system

14.4 In vitro and in vivo experiments

14.5 Animal choice

14.6 In vivo testing

14.6.1 Anesthesia

14.6.2 Traumatic brain injury (TBI) model

14.6.3 Spinal cord injury (SCI) model

14.6.4 Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) model

14.7 Euthanasia

14.8 Evaluation of the results

14.8.1 Cognitive function

14.8.2 Motor function

14.8.3 Electrophysiological evaluation

14.8.4 Histopathological evaluation

14.9 Regulations

Index

Back Cover.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

Other Format:

Print version: Gunduz, Oguzhan Biomaterials for Neural Tissue Engineering

ISBN:

9780323906746

0323906745

OCLC:

1376934073