Nature-based solutions for more sustainable cities : a framework approach for planning and evaluation / edited by Edoardo Croci, Benedetta Lucchitta.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Croci, Edoardo, editor.

Lucchitta, Benedetta, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

City planning--Environmental aspects.

City planning.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (401 pages)

Place of Publication:

Bingley, England : Emerald Publishing Limited, [2022]

Summary:

Nature-Based Solutions for More Sustainable Cities makes a clear case of performances, impacts, and benefits generated by NBS in cities providing a comprehensive framework approach to understand the real and full potential of NBS at the urban level.

Contents:

Cover

Nature-Based Solutions for More Sustainable Cities

Nature-Based Solutions for More Sustainable Cities - A Framework Approach for Planning and Evaluation

Copyright

Table of Contents

List of Tables and Figures

About the Editors

About the Contributors

Preface

References

Section 1. NBS in the Urban Context

1. What Are Nature-Based Solutions? The Potential of Nature in Cities

Abstract

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Nature and Cities

1.3 The Emergence of Nature-Based Solutions in Cities

1.4 Advancing Urban Nature through NBS - And Moving toward Nature-Based Thinking

2. The Contributions of NBS to Urban Resilience

2.1 Introduction: The Emergence of NBS for Urban Resilience

2.2 Perception versus Reality

2.3 Closing the Gap: Principles for Implementation

3. Nature's Contribution to Health and Well-being in Cities

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Nature and Health Determinants

3.3 Nature and Health Outcomes

3.4 Urban Nature Characteristics, Health, and Well-being

3.5 Conclusion

4. Nature-Based Solutions for Urban Biodiversity

4.1 Cities and the Biodiversity Crisis

4.2 Enhancing Urban Biodiversity through NBS

4.3 Realizing the Potential of NBS: Conserving, Restoring, and Thriving

4.4 Conclusion

5. An Ecosystem Services-Based Approach to Frame NBS in Urban Context

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Background Definitions

5.2.1 ES and Nature-Based Solutions

5.2.2 Urban Ecosystems

5.3 Ways to Structure Nature-Based Solutions with Respect to ES, Societal Challenges, and Scale

5.4 Structure and Monitoring Changes in Urban Ecosystems through Ecosystem Services Provided by Nature-Based Solutions

5.5 Conclusions for a New Beginning

Notes

References.

Section 2. Design and Planning NBS at Urban Scale

6. Renaturalization as a Dimension of Urban Planning

6.1 Introduction

6.1.1 Working Definitions

6.2 Learning from Crisis: The Post-COVID-19 City Will Need to Be Green

6.3 From Howard's Garden Cities to McHarg's Environmental Manifesto, to Biophilic Urbanism: A Way to Healthy and Resilient ...

6.4 Principles for the Integration of NBS into Urban Planning: The Positive Impacts on Land, Water, Air, Urban Heat, Biodiv ...

6.5 Bringing Nature Back into the City: The Case for Tree Planting and Rewilding of Urban Spaces

6.6 Managing Extreme Heat as a Regional Challenge in the American Southwest: An Ongoing Research Project

6.7 Conclusion: A Strategic Planning Approach for the Integration of NBS

Note

7. Planning and Designing NBS toward New Coexistence Models

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Defining the Battleground of Nature-Based Solutions: Coexistence in the Technosphere

7.3 Nature-Based Solutions in Architecture and Urban Planning - A Case Study Review

7.4 Final Remarks

8. Sustainability Assessment of Urban Infrastructures

8.1 A Renaturing of Cities

8.2 Sustainable Infrastructures to Inform Planning Decisions in a Global Change

8.3 But… How Do We Assess Sustainability?

8.4 Complementary Green and Gray Infrastructures for Transition to New Urban Development

8.5 Knowledge Gaps and Opportunities for Sustainable NBS

9. The Role of Nature in Urban Regeneration

9.1 Introduction

9.2 The Role of NBS and Brownfields in Urban Regeneration

9.3 Integrating Multifunctional and Multiscale NBS for Inclusive Urban Regeneration in a Climate Change Scenario

9.3.1 Rebuilding Nature for Climate Adaptation and Ecosystem Resilience.

9.3.2 Promoting Social Innovation and Landscape Democracy through the Green Compact City Approach

9.3.3 Linking Accessibility and Cultural Heritage through NBS

9.4 Raising the Bar through NBS: Next Steps in Urban Regeneration in a Post-COVID-19 Scenario

10. Collaborative Governance Arrangements for Co-creation of NBS

10.1 Co-creation of NBS in Urban Living Labs

10.2 From Theory to Action

10.3 Methodological Framework and Material

10.4 Taking Stock of Collaborative Governance Arrangements for the Co-creation of NBS

10.4.1 Pollinator-friendly Food Forest in Dortmund through Non-governmental Actor-led Model

10.4.2 "Farfalle in ToUr" Using a Non-governmental Actor-led Model in Turin

10.4.3 Greening Unusual Spaces through Co-governance in London

10.4.4 Co-management/Co-governance of Green Roofs and Walls in Milan

10.4.5 Cocreating Multifunctional, Sustainably Productive and Inclusive Urban Landscapes through Self-governance in EdiCitNet

10.4.5.1 Umbrella Organization to Counteract ECS Fragility in Rotterdam

10.4.5.2 "Edible Landscaping" to Connect Neighbors in Berlin via Food

10.5 Lessons Learnt from Cocreating NBS

10.6 Conclusion

Section 3. The Evaluation of NBS in Cities

11. An Evaluation Framework to Assess Multiple Benefits of NBS: Innovative Approaches and KPIs

11.1 Introduction

11.2 NBS Categorization and Impact Scale

11.3 The Identification of a Set of KPIs to Measure NBS

11.4 Conclusions

Acknowledgments

12. Valuation Methodologies of Ecosystem Services Provided by NBS in Urban Areas

12.1 The Value Generated by Urban Nature

12.2 Ecosystem Services Approach to Value NBS

12.3 Methodologies for the Valuation of ES at the Urban Level

12.4 Conclusion

13. Valuation of Urban Ecosystem Services as NBS

13.1 NBS and Urban Ecosystem Services

13.2 Valuation of Ecosystem Services from Green Infrastructure in Barcelona

13.3 Valuation of Ecosystem Services from Blue Infrastructure in Bilbao

13.4 Discussion

14. The Social Impacts of NBS: Access to and Accessibility of Green Spaces As a Measure of Social Inclusiveness and Environ ...

14.1 Importance of Public Spaces for Social Inclusiveness

14.2 Barriers to Equal Access and Benefits from Public Green Spaces

14.3 The Enabling Environment/Governance

14.4 Planning, Designing, and Managing for Inclusiveness

4.5 Conclusions

Section 4. Policies and Instruments for the Implementation and Management of NBS in Cities

15. The International Policy Framework for NBS: Exploring the Urban Environmental Stewardship

15.1 Introduction

15.2 From Sendai to Paris: City Diplomacy to Tackle Climate Change and Foster Urban Resilience through NBS

15.3 The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development: Creating a "Space for Nature" within Cities and Human Settlements

15.4 The New Urban Agenda: Nature-Based Innovation for Sustainable Urban Development

15.5 Conclusion

16. Policy Instruments to Foster NBS Implementation

16.1 Introduction

16.2 OECD Instruments for Environmental Policy

16.3 Fiscal Nature and Object of Environmental Taxes

16.4 United Nations Development Program (UNDP) Biofin Financial Solutions

16.5 PES as an Economic Instrument

16.6 Perspectives of Economic Instruments for NBS in Urban Areas

17. Financial Instruments to Create and Maintain NBS

17.1 Challenges

17.2 Solutions - Financial Instruments

17.2.1 Sustainability Linked Loans

17.2.2 Resilience Bonds.

17.2.3 Concessional Loans

17.2.4 Government Subsidies and Tax Breaks

17.2.5 Savings-based Financing

17.2.6 Tax Increment Financing

17.2.7 Stormwater Markets - Credit Trading Systems

17.2.8 Carbon Credits

17.2.9 Crowdfunding Strategies

17.2.10 Project Bundling

17.2.11 Climate and Sustainability Funds

17.2.12 Environmental Impact Bonds

17.3 Conclusion

18. The Cost of Nature: Implementation, Management, and Maintenance Costs for NBS

18.1 Nature-Based Solutions in Urban Green Areas and Related Costs

18.2 Green Area Management as an Opportunity to Emphasize the Ecosystem Services and Reduce Their Maintenance Costs

18.3 Comparison Costs with Benefits of Urban Green. Some Examples about Urban NBS and Maintenance Costs

18.4 Conclusions

19. Unlocking Nature's Potential - NBS and Business

19.1 Introduction

19.2 NBS: Opportunities for Business

19.2.1 Meeting Regulatory Requirements

19.2.2 Risk Reduction

19.2.3 Reducing Costs and Generating Financial Gains

19.2.4 Reputational Gains

19.2.5 Innovation

19.2.6 Other Benefits

19.3 The Challenges

19.4 NBS in Urban Contexts: The Private Sector as City Partners

19.5 The Way Forward: Policy Recommendations for Private Sector Uptake of NBS

19.5.1 Multilateral Organizations

19.5.2 National and Local Governments

19.6 Conclusions

Section 5. NBS Case Studies

20. Green Infrastructure Ruhr: Urban Regeneration through NBS

20.1 Integrated Urban Landscape Development - 50 Years Change and Learning in the Ruhr Region

20.2 Ongoing Challenges and New Perspectives

20.3 New European Challenges for the Ruhr Region

20.4 Green Infrastructure in Germany - Two Parallel Adaptations on the National Level

20.4.1 Urban Green Spaces.

20.4.2 Federal German Green Infrastructure Concept.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-80043-636-X

OCLC:

1280525867