Fabrication of metallic pressure vessels / Owen R. Greulich, Maan H. Jawad.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Greulich, Owen R., author.

Jawad, Maan H., author.

Series:

Wiley-ASME Press series.

Wiley-ASME Press series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Pressure vessels--Design and construction.

Pressure vessels.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (333 pages)

Place of Publication:

Hoboken, New Jersey : Wiley : ASME Press, [2022]

Summary:

"Much of the equipment used in the refining and processing industries is known as Process Equipment. Most pieces of process equipment are designed to perform specific, singular tasks. Process equipment can be used for tasks a varied as storage, controlling flow, and containing chemical reactions. Fabrication involves making products and components from raw or semi-finished materials by cutting, shaping and joining sections of metal together. Fabrication processes include cutting, folding, machining, shearing, stamping and welding"-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1 Introduction

1.2 Fabrication Sequence

1.3 Cost Considerations

1.3.1 Types of costs

1.3.2 Design choices

1.3.3 Shipping

1.3.4 General approach to cost control

1.4 Fabrication of Nonnuclear Versus Nuclear Pressure Vessels

1.5 Units and Abbreviations

1.6 Summary

Chapter 2 Materials of Construction

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Ferrous Alloys

2.2.1 Carbon steels (Mild steels)

2.2.2 Low alloy steels (Cr-Mo steels)

2.2.3 High alloy steels (stainless steels)

2.2.4 Cost of ferrous alloys

2.3 Nonferrous Alloys

2.3.1 Aluminum alloys

2.3.2 Copper alloys

2.3.3 Nickel alloys

2.3.4 Titanium alloys

2.3.5 Zirconium alloys

2.3.6 Tantalum alloys

2.3.7 Price of nonferrous alloys

2.4 Density of Some Ferrous and Nonferrous Alloys

2.5 Nonmetallic Vessels

2.6 Forms and Documentation

2.7 Miscellaneous Materials

2.7.1 Cast iron

2.7.2 Gaskets

2.7.2.1 Gasket types

2.7.2.2 Gasket containment

References

Chapter 3 Layout

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Applications

3.3 Tools and Their Use

3.4 Layout Basics

3.4.1 Projection

3.4.2 Triangulation

3.5 Material Thickness and Bending Allowance

3.6 Angles and Channels

3.7 Marking Conventions

3.8 Future of Plate Layout

Reference

Chapter 4 Material Forming

4.1 Introduction

4.1.1 Bending versus three-dimensional forming

4.1.2 Other issues

4.1.3 Plastic Theory

4.1.4 Forming limits

4.1.5 Grain direction

4.1.6 Cold versus hot forming

4.1.7 Spring back

4.2 Brake Forming (Angles, Bump-Forming)

4.2.1 Types of dies

4.2.2 Brake work forming limits

4.2.3 Crimping

4.2.4 Bending of pipes and tubes

4.2.5 Brake forming loads

4.3 Roll Forming (Shells, Reinforcing Pads, Pipe/Tube).

4.3.1 Pyramid rolls

4.3.2 Pinch rolls

4.3.3 Two-roll systems

4.3.4 Rolling radius variability compensation

4.3.5 Heads and caps

4.3.6 Hot forming

4.4 Tolerances

4.4.1 Brake forming tolerances

4.4.2 Roll forming tolerances

4.4.3 Press forming tolerances

4.4.4 Flanging tolerances

Chapter 5 Fabrication

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Layout

5.3 Weld Preparation

5.3.1 Hand and automatic grinders

5.3.2 Nibblers

5.3.3 Flame cutting

5.3.4 Boring mills

5.3.5 Lathes

5.3.6 Routers

5.3.7 Other cutter arrangements

5.4 Forming

5.5 Vessel Fit Up and Assembly

5.5.1 The fitter

5.5.2 Fit up tools

5.5.3 Persuasion and other fit up techniques

5.5.4 Fixturing

5.5.5 Welding fit up

5.5.6 Weld shrinkage

5.5.7 Order of assembly

5.6 Welding

5.6.1 Welding position

5.6.2 Welding residual stresses

5.6.3 Welding positioners, turning rolls, column and boom weld manipulators

5.7 Correction of Distortion

5.8 Heat Treatment

5.8.1 Welding preheat

5.8.2 Interpass temperature

5.8.3 Post weld heat treatment

5.9 Post-fabrication Machining

5.10 Field Fabrication - Special Issues

5.10.1 Exposure to the elements

5.10.2 Staging area

5.10.3 Tool and equipment availability

5.10.4 Staffing

5.10.5 Material handling

5.10.6 Energy sources

5.10.7 PWHT

5.10.8 Layout

5.10.9 Fit up

5.10.10 Welding

5.11 Machining

5.12 Cold Springing

Chapter 6 Cutting and Machining

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Common Cutting Operations for Pressure Vessels

6.3 Cutting Processes

6.3.1 Plate cutting

6.3.2 Pipe, bar, and structural shape cutting

6.4 Common Machining Functions and Processes

6.5 Common Machining Functions for Pressure Vessels

6.5.1 Weld preparation

6.5.2 Machining of flanges

6.5.3 Tubesheets

6.5.4 Heat exchanger channels.

6.5.5 Heat exchanger baffles

6.6 Setup Issues

6.7 Material Removal Rates

6.7.1 Feed

6.7.2 Speed

6.7.3 Depth of cut

6.8 Milling

6.9 Turning and Boring

6.10 Machining Centers

6.11 Drilling

6.12 Tapping

6.13 Water Jet Cutting

6.14 Laser Machining

6.15 Reaming

6.16 Electrical Discharge Machining, Plunge and Wire

6.17 Electrochemical Machining

6.18 Electron Beam Machining

6.19 Photochemical Machining

6.20 Ultrasonic Machining

6.21 Planing and Shaping

6.22 Broaching

6.23 3D Printing

6.24 Summary

Chapter 7 Welding

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Weld Details and Symbols

7.2.1 Single fillet welds

7.2.2 Double fillet welds

7.2.3 Intermittent fillet welds

7.2.4 Single-bevel butt welds

7.2.5 Double-bevel butt welds

7.2.6 J-groove or double J-groove welds

7.2.7 Backing strips

7.2.8 Consumables

7.2.9 Tube-to-tubesheet welds

7.2.10 Weld symbols

7.3 Weld Processes

7.3.1 Diffusion welding (DFW)

7.3.2 Electron beam welding (EBW)

7.3.3 Electrogas welding (EGW)

7.3.4 Electroslag welding (ESW)

7.3.5 Flux-cored arc welding (FCAW)

7.3.6 Flash welding

7.3.7 Friction stir welding (FSW)

7.3.8 Gas metal-arc welding (GMAW)

7.3.9 Gas tungsten-arc welding (GTAW)

7.3.10 Laser beam welding (LBW)

7.3.11 Orbital welding

7.3.12 Oxyfuel gas welding (OFW)

7.3.13 Plasma-arc welding (PAW)

7.3.14 Resistance spot welding (RSW)

7.3.15 Resistance seam welding (RSEW)

7.3.16 Submerged-arc welding (SAW)

7.3.17 Shielded metal-arc welding (SMAW)

7.3.18 Stud welding

7.4 Weld Preheat and Interpass Temperature

7.5 Post Weld Heat Treating

7.6 Welding Procedures

7.7 Control of Residual Stress and Distortion

7.8 Material Handling to Facilitate Welding

7.9 Weld Repair

7.10 Brazing

7.10.1 Applications.

7.10.2 Filler metal

7.10.3 Heating

7.10.4 Flux

7.10.5 Brazing procedures

Chapter 8 Welding Procedures and Post Weld Heat Treatment

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Welding Procedures

8.3 Weld Preparation Special Requirements

8.4 Weld Joint Design and Process to Reduce Stress and Distortion

8.4.1 Reduced heat input

8.4.2 Lower temperature differential

8.4.3 Choice of weld process

8.4.4 Weld configuration and sequencing

8.5 Weld Preheat and Interpass Temperature

8.6 Welder Versus Welding Operator

8.6.1 Welders

8.6.2 Welding operators

8.6.3 Differences in qualifications

8.7 Weld Repair

8.7.1 Slag inclusion during welding

8.7.2 Surface indications after cooling of welds

8.7.3 Delayed hydrogen cracking after welding

8.7.4 Cracks occurring subsequent to PWHT

8.8 Post Weld Heat Treating

8.8.1 PWHT of carbon steels

8.8.2 PWHT of low alloy steels

8.8.3 Some general PWHT requirements for carbon steels and low alloy steels

8.8.4 PWHT of stainless steel

8.8.5 PWHT of nonferrous alloys

8.9 Cladding, Overlay, and Loose Liners

8.9.1 Cladding

8.9.2 Weld overlay

8.9.3 Loose liners

8.10 Brazing

8.10.1 Applications

8.10.2 Filler metal

8.10.3 Heating

8.10.4 Flux

8.10.5 Brazing procedures

Chapter 9 Fabrication of Pressure Equipment Having Unique Characteristics

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Heat Exchangers

9.2.1 U-tube heat exchangers

9.2.2 Fixed heat exchangers

9.2.3 Floating head heat exchangers

9.2.4 Attachment of tubes-to-tubesheets and tubes-to-headers

9.2.5 Expansion joints

9.2.6 Assembly of heat exchangers

9.3 Dimpled Jackets

9.4 Layered Vessels

9.4.1 Introduction

9.4.2 Fabrication of layered shells

9.5 Rectangular Vessels

9.6 Vessels with Refractory and Insulation

9.7 Vessel Supports

9.8 Summary.

References

Chapter 10 Surface Finishes

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Types of Surface Finishes

10.2.1 Surface characteristics, unfinished

10.2.2 Passivation

10.2.3 Applied coatings

Chapter 11 Handling and Transportation

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Handling of Vessels and Vessel Components Within the Fabrication Plant

11.3 Transportation of Standard Loads

11.4 Transportation of Heavy Vessels

11.4.1 Handling heavy vessels using specialty cranes

11.4.2 Shipping by truck

11.4.3 Shipping by rail

11.4.4 Shipping by barge or ship

11.4.5 Shipping by air

11.5 Summary

Chapter 12 ASME Code Compliance and Quality Control System

12.1 Need for ASME Code Compliance

12.2 What the ASME Code Provides

12.3 Fabrication in Accordance with the ASME Code

12.4 ASME Code Stamping

12.4.1 Design calculations

12.4.2 Fabrication drawings

12.4.3 Material mill test reports

12.4.4 WPS for the vessel welds

12.4.5 Records of nondestructive (NDE) examination

12.4.6 Record of PWHT

12.4.7 Record of hydrotesting

12.4.8 Manufacturer´s Data Report, U-1 Form

12.4.9 Manufacturer´s Partial Data Report, U-2 form

12.4.10 Name plate

12.5 Authorized Inspector and Authorized Inspection Agency

12.6 Quality Control System for Fabrication

12.6.1 Organizational chart

12.6.2 Authority and responsibility

12.6.3 Quality control system

12.6.4 Design and drawing control

12.6.5 Material control

12.6.6 Production control

12.6.7 Inspection

12.6.8 Hydrostatic and pneumatic testing

12.6.9 Code stamping

12.6.10 Discrepancies and nonconformances

12.6.11 Welding

12.6.12 Nondestructive examination

12.6.13 Heat treatment control

12.6.14 Calibration of measuring and test equipment

12.6.15 Records retention

12.6.16 Handling, storage, and shipping.

12.7 Additional Stamps Required for Pressure Vessels.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

9781523155118

1523155116

9781119674887

1119674883

9781119674870

1119674875

9781119674900

1119674905

OCLC:

1281987184