Encyclopedia of energy research and policy / A.L. Zenfora, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Zenfora, A. L.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Power resources.

Mechanical engineering.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (1530 p.)

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, c2010.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Presents research advances from around the globe in the study of energy and highlights such topics as energy markets; strategies for reducing carbon dioxide emissions; dye-sensitised NANO SnO2; biomass and bioenergy research in Africa; biobased polymers; and socio-economic and environmental benefits of biomass gasification-based power plants.

Contents:

""ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENERGYRESEARCH AND POLICY""; ""CONTENTS""; ""PREFACE""; ""RESEARCH AND REVIEW STUDIES""; ""ENERGY MARKETS*""; ""WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY""; ""WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS""; ""WHAT GAO FOUND""; ""ABBREVIATIONS""; ""RESULTS IN BRIEF""; ""BACKGROUND""; ""THE UNITED STATES IS THE LARGEST CONSUMER OF CRUDE OILAND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS, BUT GLOBAL DEMAND HAS GROWNSIGNIFICANTLY IN RECENT YEARS""; ""KEY ASPECTS OF THE PETROLEUM PRODUCT MARKETS: REFINING,INVENTORIES, AND INFRASTRUCTURE""; ""Refining""; ""Inventories""; ""Pipeline and Marine Supply Infrastructure System""

""SEVERAL U.S. AGENCIES REGULATE AND MONITOR THEDOWNSTREAM AND MIDSTREAM OIL INDUSTRY AND PETROLEUMPRODUCT MARKETS""""PETROLEUM PRODUCTS MARKETS HAVE BECOME INCREASINGLYGLOBAL WITH GREATER TRADE AND PRICES INCREASINGLY LINKEDACROSS COUNTRIES""; ""International Trade in Petroleum Products has Expanded Significantly""; ""Growth in International Trade of Petroleum Products is Expected toContinue but Growth in Biofuel use May Limit or Change the Patterns ofTrade""

""GLOBAL AND DOMESTIC REFINING CAPACITYHAVE NOT KEPT PACE WITH DEMAND, LEADING TO TIGHT DEMANDAND SUPPLY BALANCE AND RECENTLY CONTRIBUTING TO HIGHERPETROLEUM PRODUCT PRICES""""Demand for Petroleum Products Has Grown More Quickly than hasRefinery Capacity, Tightening the Supply and Demand Balance Worldwide""; ""Current Market Tightness has Contributed to Higher Petroleum ProductPrices, Higher Price Volatility, and Higher Industry Profits""; ""Increased Profit Margins have Led to More Investment, but Future MarketTightness Will Depend on Several Factors""

""DOMESTIC AND OECD INVENTORIES OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTSAND CRUDE OIL HAVE DECLINED RELATIVE TO DEMAND, WITHMIXED EFFECTS ON PRICES AND PRICE VOLATILITY""""Inventory Levels of Petroleum Products in the United States and OtherOECD Countries have Generally Fallen over the Past Two Decades""; ""A Number of Factors Have Contributed to the Long-Term Decrease inInventory Levels Since 1980""

""Long-Term Inventory Cost Reductions have Likely Reduced Prices ofGasoline and Other Petroleum Products, but, in the Short Term, Reductionsin Inventory Levels below Normal Ranges Can Lead to Higher Prices duringSupply Shortfalls""""U.S. SUPPLY INFRASTRUCTURE IS CONSTRAINED IN KEY AREAS ANDLIKELY TO BECOME INCREASINGLY CONSTRAINED, THEREBYINCREASING PRICES AND PRICE VOLATILITY UNLESS TIMELYINVESTMENTS ARE MADE""; ""The Nation�s Supply Infrastructure is Constrained in Key Areas and Likelyto Become More Constrained""

""Infrastructure Disruptions Lead to Increases in Prices and Price Volatilityand Constraints in Supply Infrastructure Could Exacerbate Price Effects""

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-61324-544-0