Iron Age and Roman Settlement at Highflyer Farm, Ely, Cambridgeshire.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Fairclough, James.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Excavations (Archaeology)--England--Ely.

Excavations (Archaeology).

Highflyer farm (Ely, England)--History.

Highflyer farm (Ely, England).

Ely (England)--Antiquities.

Ely (England).

Ely (England)--History--To 1500.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (153 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Oxford : Archaeopress, 2021.

Summary:

This volume presents the results of archaeological work carried out by MOLA (Museum of London Archaeology) at Highflyer Farm in 2018. Remains dating from the Neolithic to the post-medieval period were recorded, with most of the activity occurring between the early Iron Age and late Roman periods.

Contents:

Cover

Title Page

Copyright page

Contents Page

List of Figures

Introduction

Figure 1.1. Site location (scale 1:4000)

Figure 1.2. Dated and undated features plan (scale 1:1750)

Figure 1.3. Drone shot of site, looking south-west

Figure 1.4. Site shown to the general public

Figure 1.5. Phased plan (scale 1:1750)

The archaeological evidence

Figure 2.1. Late Neolithic-early Bronze Age and early Iron Age features (scale 1:1500)

Figure 2.2. Pit [340], looking north-west.

Figure 2.3. Section of pit [643] (scale 1:25)

Figure 2.4. Pit [5408] and adjacent ditch [5406], during evaluation works, looking north-east

Figure 2.5. Pit [1876], looking north-west

Figure 2.6. Middle Iron Age features plan (scale 1:1000)

Figure 2.7. Ring ditch southern side, looking north-west

Figure 2.8. Drone shot of ring ditch, looking north

Figure 2.9. Middle Iron Age southern area (scale 1:500)

Figure 2.10. Middle Iron Age sub-phases (scale 1:750)

Figure 2.11. Burial [510]

Figure 2.12. Late Iron Age features (scale 1:1500)

Figure 2.13. Section of ditches [279] and [281] (scale 1:25)

Figure 2.14. Early Roman features (scale 1:1500)

Figure 2.15. Section of ditch [574] and pit [576] (scale 1:25)

Figure 2.16. Section of feature [213] (scale 1:50)

Figure 2.17. Early Roman features, northern area (scale 1:500)

Figure 2.18. Posthole [955] truncating undated pit, looking north-east

Figure 2.19. Middle Roman features (scale 1:1500

insert 1:600)

Figure 2.20. Northern and eastern routeways with obscuring soil spread at junction

Figure 2.21. Plan of Trench 56 (scale 1:200)

Figure 2.22. Dog burial within context (1952)

Figure 2.23. Bone deposit within south-west corner of E15

Figure 2.24. Sections 387 and 414 (scale 1:25

1:50).

Figure 2.25. Middle Roman, central internal features (scale 1:500)

Figure 2.26. Well [1414] and ditch [1416], looking south-west

Figure 2.27. Sections of pits [1651], [1758] and [1732] (scale 1:50)

Figure 2.28. Ditch [18], looking north-west

Figure 2.29. Rows of postholes, looking north-west

Figure 2.30. Sections of postholes [1285], [1299] and [1336] (scale 1:25)

Figure 2.31. Section of [1819] (scale 1:100)

Figure 2.32. Remains of lamb within pit [1512]

Figure 2.33. Late Roman features (scale 1:1500)

Figure 2.34. Ditch [198], looking north-west

Figure 2.35. Latest Roman features (scale 1:1500)

Figure 2.36. Ditch [1781] and feature [1779] of E29, looking north-west

Figure 2.37. Sheep/goat remains within pit [105], looking south

Figure 2.38. Early to middle Saxon and late Saxon features (scale 1:1500)

Figure 2.39. Plan of sunken-featured building [1373] (scale 1:25)

Figure 2.40. Sunken-featured building [1373], looking west

Figure 2.41. Antler comb found during evaluation works (scale 20mm)

Figure 2.42. Post-medieval to modern and undated features (scale 1:1500)

Finds

Figure 3.1. Pottery representation by site period

Figure 3.2. Proportions of broad Roman pottery ware categories by period

Figure 3.3. Representation of Horningsea wares by period

Figure 3.4. Representation of Wattisfield greywares by period

Figure 3.5. Representation of Godmanchester white wares by period

Figure 3.6. Representation of Roman shelly wares by period

Figure 3.7. Representation of Lower Nene Valley colour-coated wares by period

Figure 3.8. Representation of Roman form types by period

Figure 3.9. Pottery illustrations (scale 1:2)

Figure 3.10. Pottery illustrations (scale 1:2)

Figure 3.11. Maker's stamp on PRN 1463, Malledus of Lezoux.

Figure 3.12. Registered finds illustrations (scale 1:1)

Figure 3.13. Registered finds illustrations (scale 1:1)

Figure 3.14. Distribution map of Roman tile/brick and opus signinum (scale 1:1500)

Figure 3.15. Distribution map of kiln structure/furniture, loomweights and fired clay (scale 1:1500)

Human, faunal and environmental evidence

Figure 4.1. Left femur from gully [1643], showing rodent gnaw marks

Figure 4.2. Skeleton (509), posterior view of the right patella

Figure 4.3. Preservation of identifiable hand-collected post-cranial bone from periods with&gt

100NISP

Figure 4.4. Preservation of hand-collected identifiable post-cranial bones from pits and ditches (Periods 3-8)

Figure 4.5. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=16) from Period 3

Figure 4.6. Percentage body part representation for hand-collected cattle and sheep/goat bones from Period 3

Figure 4.7. Percentage body parts representation for hand-collected cattle and sheep/goat bones from Period 6

Figure 4.10. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=10) from Period 6

Figure 4.8. Tooth wear data for cattle mandibles (n=20) from Period 6

Figure 4.9. Epiphyseal fusion for cattle from Period 6 (n=22)

Figure 4.11. Percentage body part representation for hand collected cattle bones from Period 7

Figure 4.12. Tooth wear data from cattle mandibles (n=11) from Period 7

Figure 4.13. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=12) from Period 7

Figure 4.14. Relative proportion (%NISP) of cattle, sheep/goat and pig from the Roman periods (excluding sheep/goat from pit 105)

Figure 4.15. Percentage body part representation for hand-collected cattle bones from Period 8

Figure 4.16. Tooth wear data for cattle mandibles (n=10) from Period 8

Figure 4.17. Tooth wear for sheep/goat mandibles (n=9) from Period 8.

Figure 4.18. Relative proportion (% NISP) of hand-collected cattle, sheep/goat and pig from the Iron Age, Roman and Saxon periods

Figure 4.19. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=22) from the Iron Age (combined Periods 2, 3 and 4)

Figure 4.20. Tooth wear data for cattle mandibles (n=41) from the Roman period (combined Periods 6, 7 and 8)

Figure 4.21. Tooth wear data for sheep/goat mandibles (n=31) from the Roman period (combined Periods 6, 7 and 8)

Figure 4.22. Radiocarbon determinations for skeleton (509)

Discussion

Figure 5.1. Comparative Ely Iron Age and/or Roman enclosures and combined Highflyer and Prickwillow Road (scale 1:5000)

Figure 5.2 Comparative Ely enclosures Iron Age and/or Roman enclosures (continued)

Figure 5.3. Excavations at Highflyer Farm and Prickwillow Road (scale 1:2500)

Figure 5.4. Development of the settlement, early Iron Age to early Roman (scale 1:5000)

Figure 5.5. Known Iron Age and Roman sites (scale 1:50000)

Figure 5.6. Development of the settlement, middle Roman to Saxon (scale 1:5000)

Figure 5.7. Highflyer Farm and enclosure system to the north-east (scale 1:8000)

List of Tables

Table 1.1. Summary of site chronology and significant archaeological features

Table 3.1: Quantification of worked flint

Table 3.2: Quantification of prehistoric pottery by feature

Table 3.3: Feature types producing Iron Age pottery

Table 3.4: Interventions producing 500g or more of Iron Age pottery

Table 3.5: Iron Age pottery fabrics

Table 3.6: Iron Age pottery forms

Table 3.7: Iron Age pottery surface

Table 3.8: Iron Age pottery use-wear

Table 3.9: Iron Age pottery technology

Table 3.10: Feature types producing Roman pottery

Table 3.11: Interventions producing 500g or more of Roman pottery.

Table 3.12: 'Mixed' groups of Roman and early-middle Saxon pottery

Table 3.13: Post-Roman pottery occurrence by number and weight (g) of sherds per context by fabric type

Table 3.14: Coin catalogue

Table 3.15 Summary of registered finds recovered by period and material

Table 3.16: Roman registered finds

Table 3.17: Quantification of Roman tile/brick, opus signinum and post-medieval to modern brick and drain

Table 3.18: Quantification of slags

Table 4.1: Summary of disarticulated bone

Table 4.2: Number of hand-collected specimens present (NSP) from Ely, Highflyer Farm. Antler fragments not included

Table 4.3: Number of identifiable specimens present (NISP) from Ely, Highflyer Farm's environmental samples

Table 4.4: Tooth wear data for major domesticates from Period 4

Table 4.5: Tooth wear data for major domesticates from Period 9

Table 4.6: Plant macrofossil remains

Table 4.7: Oyster shells by context

Table 4.8: Oyster shells by period

Table 4.9: Radiocarbon determinations

Contributors

Acknowledgements

Chapter 1 Introduction

Historical and archaeological background

Location, topography and geology

Project background

Archaeological work within the area

Site phasing of the present mitigation

Chapter 2 The archaeological evidence

Period 1: Late Neolithic to early Bronze Age (3000 BC to 2000 BC)

Period 2: Early Iron Age (600 BC to 400 BC)

Period 3: Middle Iron Age (400 BC-100 BC)

Period 4: Late Iron Age (100 BC-AD 50)

Period 5: Early Roman (AD 50-AD 150)

Period 6: Middle Roman (AD 150-AD 300)

Period 7: Late Roman (AD 300-late 4th century)

Period 8: Latest Roman (Up to a least AD 400?)

Period 9: Early Saxon

Period 10: Late Saxon to medieval

Period 11: Post- medieval and modern

Undated features.

Chapter 3 Finds.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9781789698435

178969843X

OCLC:

1269101626