Broccoli : cultivation, nutritional properties and effects on health / Bernhard H.J. Juurlink, editor.

Format:

Book

Series:

Nutrition and diet research progress series.

Nutrition and Diet Research Progress

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Broccoli--Health aspects.

Broccoli.

Broccoli--Nutrition.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (354 p.)

Place of Publication:

Hauppauge, New York : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2016.

Summary:

This book is a must read for anyone interested in Hippocrates' dictum: "Let food be your medicine and medicine your food". This book focuses on the therapeutic effects of broccoli phytochemicals, in particular certain glucosinolate metabolites and flavonoids. This book is organized in such a manner that people with only a basic background in the biological sciences would profit greatly. Anyone interested in any area of nutrigenomics would profit from reading this book as well. This would include horticulturists interested in how phytochemicals may be therapeutic, as well as nutritionists and other health professionals who wish to better understand how diet may influence gene expression and thereby health. Persons engaged in the food-processing industry will also find this book profitable. This book will be of especial interest to graduate students as well as health profession students. The book starts out with a chapter outlining the role of Professor Paul Talalay of Johns Hopkins University and his colleagues, whom initially identified activators of the Nrf2 signalling pathway as playing a critical role in the anti-cancer properties of certain phytochemicals and then went on to greatly develop this area of nutrigenomic research, most recently with human clinical trials. Since many of the therapeutic effects of broccoli consumption can be attributed to specific glucosinolates, two chapters deal with glucosinolates in general (Chapter Two) and glucosinolate distribution in different broccoli cultivars specifically (Chapter Three). Nrf2 activators will influence xenobiotic metabolism in a number of ways; hence, Chapter Four gives an overview of xenobiotic metabolism. Chronic diseases, a major target of nutraceuticals, are a major health concern and place a huge burden on the health care system. Chronic diseases are driven by oxidative stress and generalized inflammation. To understand the medicinal effects of plant bioactive compounds requires an understanding of the mechanisms of oxidant production and scavenging, how oxidative stress affects signalling pathways, and the roles of certain phytochemicals in countering oxidative stress and inflammation. This is the topic of Chapter Five. Chapter Six outlines the Nrf2 signalling pathway and its role in regaining redox and metabolic homeostasis. Broccoli also contains bioactive flavonoids that influence xenobotic metabolism and Nrf2 signalling. Chapter Seven deals with flavonoids with a focus on the major flavonoids found in broccoli, quercetin and kaempferol. Chapters Eight through Eleven outline some of the basic research examining the effects of sulforaphane on x-irradiation-mediated damage, UV-mediated skin damage and perinatal ischemic insults. Chapters Twelve and Three give an overview of some of the clinical trials that involve intake of sulforaphane/broccoli sprouts. The last four chapters deal with the agronomic aspects of broccoli, including cultivation, post-harvest processing and how various cooking methods affect the bioactive components in broccoli.

Contents:

BROCCOLI: CULTIVATION, NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS ON HEALTH ; BROCCOLI: CULTIVATION, NUTRITIONAL PROPERTIES AND EFFECTS ON HEALTH ; Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data; CONTENTS ; PREFACE ; Chapter 1 PAUL TALALAY: THE CATALYST ; ABSTRACT; INTRODUCTION ; REFERENCES ; Chapter 2 GLUCOSINOLATES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION ; ABSTRACT ; INTRODUCTION ; 1. GLUCOSINOLATE DISTRIBUTION IN THE ORDER BRASSICALES ; a) General Considerations ; b) Akaniaceae Stapf ; c) Bataceae Mart. ex Perleb ; d) Brassicaceae Burnett ; e) Capparaceae Juss. ; f) Caricaceae Dumort.

g) Cleomaceae Bercht. & J. Presl h) Emblingiaceae J. Agardh ; i) Gyrostemonaceae A. Juss. ; j) Koeberliniaceae Engl. ; k) Limnanthaceae R. Br. ; l) Moringaceae Martinov ; m) Pentadiplandraceae Hutch. & Daziel ; n) Resedaceae Martinov ; o) Salvadoraceae Lindl. ; p) Setchellanthaceae Iltis ; q) Tovariaceae Pax ; r) Tropaeolaceae Juss. ex DC. ; 2. GLUCOSINOLATE DISTRIBUTION IN THE ORDERS MALPIGHIALES, CELASTRALES, CARYOPHYLLALES, AND GENTIANALES ; 3. MECHANISMS OF ENZYMATIC DEGRADATION OF GLUCOSINOLATES ; a) Isothiocyanates ; b) Nitriles and Epithionitriles ; c) Goitrin and Oxazolidinethiones

d) Thiocyanates 4. GOITROGENICITY ON ANIMALS AND HUMANS ; a) Consumption of Crucifers by Humans and Animals ; b) Goitrin and Other Oxazolidinethiones ; c) Thiocyanate Ion and Isothiocyanates ; d) Intact Glucosinolates ; CONCLUSION; REFERENCES ; Chapter 3 GLUCORAPHANIN AND OTHER GLUCOSINOLATES IN HEADS OF BROCCOLI CULTIVARS ; ABSTRACT ; INTRODUCTION ; GLUCOSINOLATE PROFILES AND CONCENTRATIONS IN HEADS OF BROCCOLI CULTIVARS ; Studies Prior to 1992 ; Studies after 1992 ; INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE VERSUS ENVIRONMENT ON EXPRESSION OF GLUCORAPHANIN AND OTHER GLUCOSINOLATES

Effects of Cultural Practices on Glucosinolates Importance of Genotype versus Environment ; And What about Those Broccoli Seeds and Sprouts? ; CONCLUSION ; REFERENCES ; Chapter 4 THE XENOBIOTIC ELIMINATION SYSTEM: AN OVERVIEW ; ABSTRACT ; INTRODUCTION ; THE XENOBIOTIC ELIMINATION SYSTEM DETERMINES SYSTEMIC EXPOSURE ; XENOBIOTIC ELIMINATION: AN INTEGRATED SYSTEM ; THE FOUR PHASES OF XENOBIOTIC ELIMINATION ; Phase I and II Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzymes ; Phase I Metabolism ; Phase II Metabolism ; Phase 0 and Phase III Xenobiotic Transporters ; Solute Carrier Transporter Family

SLCO Family SLC15 Family; SLC16 Family ; SLC22 Family; SLC28 and SLC29 Families ; SLC47 Family ; The ATP Binding Cassette Transporter Family ; ABCB Family ; ABCC Family ; ABCG Family ; KEY FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO INTER-INDIVIDUAL VARIABILITY IN XENOBIOTIC ELIMINATION ; Epigenetic Factors and Nongenetic Host Factors ; Xenobiotic Interactions with Other Xenobiotics and Endobiotics ; Genetic Factors ; Transcriptional Regulation (Induction); CONCLUSION ; REFERENCES ; Chapter 5 CELLULAR REDOX, AGING AND DIET ; ABSTRACT ; INTRODUCTION; Oxidants and Aging

KINASE SIGNALLING PATHWAYS AND AGING-RELATED PROBLEMS

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

1-63484-314-2

OCLC:

947837885