Chemical risk assessment activities in the U.S. : with overviews of Canada, Australia, and the WHO / Naomi Sutton, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Sutton, Naomi, editor.

Series:

Environmental remediation technologies, regulations and safety.

Environmental Remediation Technologies, Regulations and Safety

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Chemicals--Law and legislation--United States.

Chemicals.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (136 p.)

Place of Publication:

New York : Novinka, 2016.

Summary:

With thousands of chemicals in commercial use in the United States, decision makers rely on toxicity assessment information to examine the risks these substances may pose. Several key federal agencies -- including the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), the National Toxicology Program (NTP), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) -- as well as state agencies, assess the toxicity of chemicals. This book describes the chemical toxicity assessment activities selected federal and state agencies undertake; assesses the extent to which these federal agencies chemical toxicity assessment activities are fragmented, overlapping, or duplicative; and assesses the extent to which these federal and state agencies coordinate their chemical toxicity assessment activities and challenges in doing so.

Contents:

CHEMICAL RISK ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE U.S. WITH OVERVIEWS OF CANADA, AUSTRALIA, AND THE WHO ; CHEMICAL RISK ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE U.S. WITH OVERVIEWS OF CANADA, AUSTRALIA, AND THE WHO ; CONTENTS ; PREFACE ; Chapter 1 CHEMICAL ASSESSMENTS: AGENCIES COORDINATE ACTIVITIES, BUT ADDITIONAL ACTION COULD ENHANCE EFFORTS* ; WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY ; WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS ; WHAT GAO FOUND ; ABBREVIATIONS ; SELECTED FEDERAL AGENCIES UNDERTAKE DISTINCT CHEMICAL TOXICITY ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES, AND SELECTED STATES LARGELY RELY ON FEDERAL ASSESSMENTS

Federal Agencies' Chemical Toxicity Assessment Activities Are Driven by Agency Needs Derived from Statutory Requirements and Differ by Type and Purpose ATSDR ; EPA ; NTP ; OSHA ; NIOSH ; Selected States Largely Rely on Federal Chemical Toxicity Assessments ; SELECTED FEDERAL AGENCIES' CHEMICAL TOXICITY ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES ARE FRAGMENTED AND OVERLAPPING BUT ARE NOT DUPLICATIVE; Fragmentation ; Overlap ; Duplication ; SELECTED FEDERAL AGENCIES AND STATES COORDINATE THEIR CHEMICAL TOXICITY ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES AND REPORTED CROSS-CUTTING CHALLENGES

Selected Federal Agencies and States Coordinate Their Chemical Toxicity Assessment ActivitiesFederal Coordination ; State Use of Federal Chemical Toxicity Assessment Information and Coordination; Selected Federal Agencies and States Identified Cross-Cutting Challenges to Coordination ; The National Science and Technology Council Offers an Opportunity to Address Cross-Cutting Challenges ; CONCLUSION ; RECOMMENDATION FOR EXECUTIVE ACTION ; AGENCY COMMENTS AND OUR EVALUATION ; APPENDIX I: SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY ; APPENDIX II: CHEMICAL INHALATION TOXICITY VALUES FOR SELECT AGENCIES ; End Notes

End Notes for Appendix I End Note for Appendix II ; Chapter 2 CHEMICALS MANAGEMENT: OBSERVATIONS ON HUMAN HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT BY SELECTED FOREIGN PROGRAMS ; RESULTS IN BRIEF ; BACKGROUND ; FOREIGN PROGRAMS WE REVIEWED ASSESS THE HEALTH RISKS OF CHEMICALS USING SIMILAR ANALYTIC APPROACHES WHILE EMPHASIZING EITHER SCREENING ASSESSMENTS OR EXPERT REVIEW ; Programs Use Similar Analytic Approaches to Conduct Assessments ; Canada and Australia's Programs Emphasize Assessing a Large Number of Chemicals

WHO's IARC Monographs Programme and IPCS Emphasize Expert Review of Selected Chemicals CANADA HAS USED VARIOUS MEASURES TO MANAGE THE HUMAN HEALTH RISKS OF TOXIC CHEMICALS UNDER CEPA 1999 ; AGENCY AND THIRD-PARTY COMMENTS ; OBJECTIVES, SCOPE, AND METHODOLOGY ; INFORMATION FROM CANADA, AUSTRALIA, AND THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION ABOUT SELECTED RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESSES ; 1. Canada's CMP ; Main Determination Made by Each Program's Assessments ; Criteria for Choosing What to Assess ; Involvement by External Experts, Stakeholders, or the Public ; 2. Australia's IMAP Framework

Main Determination Made by Each Program's Assessments

Notes:

Includes index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed September 6, 2016).

ISBN:

1-63485-059-9