Gold ore processing : project development and operations / edited by Mike D. Adams.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Adams, Mike D., editor.

Series:

Developments in mineral processing ; volume 15.

Developments in mineral processing ; volume 15

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Gold ores--Research.

Gold ores.

Ore-dressing--Research.

Ore-dressing.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (xxviii, 1020 pages) : illustrations.

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, [Netherlands] : Elsevier, 2016.

Summary:

"Gold ore processing: project development and operations, Second edition, brings together all the technical aspects relevant to modern gold ore processing, offering a practical perspective that is vital to the successful and responsible development, operation, and closure of any gold ore processing operation. This completely updated edition features coverage of established, newly implemented, and emerging technologies; updated case studies; and additional topics, including automated mineralogy and geometallurgy, cyanide code compliance, recovery of gold from e-waste, handling of gaseous emissions, mercury and arsenic, emerging non-cyanide leaching systems, hydro re-mining, water management, solid–liquid separation, and treatment of challenging ores such as double refractory carbonaceous sulfides. Outlining best practices in gold processing from a variety of perspectives, Gold Ore Processing: Project Development and Operations is a must-have reference for anyone working in the gold industry, including metallurgists, geologists, chemists, mining engineers, and many others." -- Publisher.

Contents:

Front Cover

Gold Ore Processing

Copyright

Contents

List of Contributors

Foreword

Preface to Second Edition

Preface to First Edition

Acknowledgments

List of Acronyms

List of Mineral Formulae

1 - Gold - An Historical Introduction

1. GOLD IN ANCIENT EGYPT

2. EARLY GOLD-MINING CENTERS

3. GOLD AND ALCHEMY

4. USES OF GOLD

4.1 Gilding

4.1.1 Gilding of Metals

4.1.2 Gilding of Glass and Porcelain

4.2 Gold in the Glass Industry

4.3 Gold Masks

5. OCCURRENCE OF GOLD

6. PROCESSING OF GOLD ORES

6.1 Gold Panning

6.2 Amalgamation

6.3 Chlorination

6.4 Cyanidation

6.5 Refining of Gold

6.6 Some Recent Trends in Gold Ore Processing

7. GOLD STANDARDS AND ASSAYING

8. GOLD IN CURRENCY

9. BANKS

10. GOLD MUSEUMS

SUGGESTED READING

I - Project Development

Economic Evaluation of Gold Projects

2 - Overview of the Gold Mining Industry and Major Gold Deposits

1. INTRODUCTION

2. GOLD DISCOVERY AND DEPOSITS

3. GOLD PRODUCTION

REFERENCES

3 - Evaluation and Funding of Capital Projects in Mining

2. EVALUATION OF CAPITAL PROJECTS IN MINING

2.1 Determine the Project Financials

2.1.1 Case Study: Project Financials for the Auzone Gold Mine

2.1.1.1 Revenue

2.1.1.2 Costs

2.1.1.3 Taxes and Royalties

2.1.1.4 Working Capital

2.1.1.5 Capital Expenditure

2.1.1.6 Calculation of the Free Cash Flow

2.1.2 Calculate the Decision Criteria From the Free Cash Flow

2.1.2.1 Case Study: Payback Period for the Auzone Gold Mine Project

2.1.2.2 Case Study: Determine the NPV for the Auzone Gold Mine Project

2.1.3 Recommend a Decision to Management

3. PRINCIPLES OF PROJECT FINANCIALS AND ASSESSMENT

4. COMMON ERRORS

5. PROJECT RISK

6. FINANCING OF THE PROJECT

REFERENCE.

Feasibility Study Management

4 - Sampling Procedures

2. SAMPLING BASICS

2.1 Importance of Minimizing Bias

2.2 Overall Precision

3. COMPONENTS OF SAMPLING ERROR

3.1 Accessory Error

3.2 Delimitation and Extraction Errors

3.3 Weighting and Periodic Quality Fluctuation Errors

3.4 Fundamental Error and Minimum Sample Mass

4. PERCUSSION HOLE SAMPLING

5. BLAST-HOLE SAMPLING

6. PLANT SAMPLING

7. SAMPLING FROM STATIONARY SITUATIONS

7.1 Sampling from Stockpiles

7.2 Sampling from Trucks and Railway Wagons

7.3 Sampling from Holding Tanks and Vessels

8. SAMPLE PREPARATION

9. CONCLUSIONS

5 - Mineralogical Investigation of Gold Ores

2. GOLD MINERALOGY

2.1 Gold Minerals and Alloys

2.2 Solid-Solution Gold

2.3 Colloidal Gold

2.4 Surface Gold

2.5 Forms and Carriers of Gold

3. PROCESS MINERALOGY OF GOLD

3.1 Gravity Concentration

3.2 Floatability of Gold Minerals and Carriers

3.2.1 Size and Shape of Gold Grains

3.2.2 Silver Content of Native Gold

3.2.3 Activators and Depressants

3.2.4 Collector Loading

3.2.5 Composition of Gold Mineral

3.3 Leachability of Gold Minerals

3.3.1 Cyanidation in Leach Tanks

3.3.2 Heap Leaching

3.3.3 Other Lixiviants

3.3.4 Response to Oxidative Pretreatment

3.3.5 Process Mineralogy of Gold from Autoclave-CIL Circuits

3.3.6 Process Mineralogy of Gold from Roaster-CIL Circuits

3.3.7 Process Mineralogy of Gold from Bio-oxidized Leach Circuits

3.3.8 Response to Ultrafine Grinding CIL

4. METHODOLOGY FOR STUDYING GOLD MINERALS

5. INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS FOR GOLD

6. CONCLUDING REMARKS

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

6 - Geometallurgical Characterization and Automated Mineralogy of Gold Ores

2. GEOMETALLURGY OVERVIEW

2.1 Definition.

2.2 Objective

2.3 Application

2.4 Approach

3. GEOMETALLURGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF GOLD ORES

3.1 Classification of Gold Ores and Minerals

3.1.1 Gold Ore Types

3.1.2 Gold Mineralogical Types

3.2 Ore Characterization

3.3 Impact of Mineralogy on Gold Ore Processing

3.4 Gold Deportment Study

3.4.1 Investigative Procedure

3.4.2 Commonly Used Techniques

3.4.3 Deliverables

4. AUTOMATED MINERALOGY OF GOLD ORES

4.1 Background

4.2 System Hardware Requirement

4.3 Sample Selection and Preparation

4.4 Basic Measurements

4.5 Advanced Features

4.6 Gold and Rare Phase Search

5. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

7 - Process Flowsheet Selection

2. COMMINUTION PROCESS OPTIONS

2.1 Overview

2.2 Ore Characteristics

2.3 Throughput

2.4 Downstream Process Requirements

2.5 Operating Cost

3. FREE-MILLING ORE PROCESS OPTIONS

3.1 Overview

3.2 Site-Specific Issues

3.3 Gravity-Recoverable Gold

3.4 Treatment of High-Silver Ores

4. COMPLEX ORE PROCESS OPTIONS

4.1 Overview

4.2 Treatment of High-Copper Ores

4.3 Preg-robbing Ores

4.4 Oxygen-Consuming Ores

4.5 Issues Associated With Mercury

5. REFRACTORY ORE PROCESS OPTIONS

6. REFRACTORY PROCESS SELECTION

7. FACTORS FOR CONSIDERATION IN REFRACTORY GOLD PROCESS SELECTION

7.1 Gold Mineralogy

7.2 Arsenic Content

7.3 Sulfide Content

7.4 Gangue Mineralogy

7.5 Ore Variability

7.6 Project Scale

7.7 Incremental Gold Recovery

7.8 Flotation Performance

7.9 Site-Specific Environmental Considerations

7.10 Project Location and Infrastructure

7.11 Water Quality and Availability

7.12 Power Costs

7.13 Availability of Neutralization Reagents

7.14 Cyanide Consumption and Costs

7.15 Project Life

7.16 Ability to Pilot

8. DISCUSSION.

9. RECENT COMMERCIAL-SCALE TECHNICAL DEVELOPMENTS

9.1 Comminution

9.2 Ultrafine Grinding

9.3 Treatment of Complex Ores

9.4 Treatment of Refractory Ores

9.5 Treatment of Ores With Unusual Mineralogy

8 - Metallurgical Test Work: Gold Processing Options, Physical Ore Properties, and Cyanide Management

1. BACKGROUND

2. ORE PREPARATION AND ASSESSMENT

2.1 Mineralogical and Chemical Characterization

2.2 Physical Characterization

2.3 Gravity Concentration

2.3.1 Conventional Jigs

2.3.2 Centrifugal Jigs

2.3.3 Spirals

2.3.4 Mozley gravity separator

2.3.5 Falcon and Knelson concentrators

2.3.6 Shaking Tables

2.3.7 Super-panners

2.4 Cyanide Leaching

2.5 Heap Leaching

2.6 Recovery from Solution

2.7 Cyanide Speciation

2.8 Flotation

2.9 Filtration and Settling

2.10 Cyanide Detoxification

2.11 Refractory Gold Ores

2.12 Copper-Rich Ores

2.13 Environmental Characterization Studies

9 - Process Simulation and Modeling

2. BENEFITS OF SIMULATION

3. CLASSIFICATION OF SIMULATION MODELS

4. STEADY-STATE CONTINUOUS SIMULATION

5. DYNAMIC CONTINUOUS SIMULATION

6. DYNAMIC DISCRETE SIMULATION

7. COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS

8. SELECTING A GOOD SIMULATION PACKAGE

9. COMMINUTION AND SIZE-SEPARATION SIMULATIONS

10. GOLD EXTRACTION SIMULATIONS

11. THE FUTURE OF PROCESS SIMULATION

10 - Feasibility Study Plant Design

2. GENERAL SITE ISSUES

3. CRUSHING AND ORE STORAGE

3.1 Crushing Plant Throughput

3.2 Operating Schedule

3.3 Ore Competence

3.4 Ore Material Handling Properties

3.5 ROM and Product Size Required

3.6 Requirements for Blending and Surge Capacity

3.7 Environment

4. GRINDING

4.1 Single- or Twin-Stage

4.2 Feed and Product Size.

4.3 Ore Material Handling Properties

4.4 Pebble Management

4.5 Power Balancing

4.6 Slurry Density, Viscosity, and Specific Gravity

4.7 Ball Charging

4.8 Presence of Gravity Circuit

4.9 Spillage Handling

5. GRAVITY CONCENTRATION

5.1 Gravity Device Location

5.2 Product Destination

5.3 Water Demand (Quality, Volume, and Pressure)

5.4 Impact on Water Balance

5.5 Security

6. LEACHING AND ADSORPTION

6.1 Particle Size

6.2 Slurry Density and Viscosity

6.3 Requirement for Leach Feed Thickener

6.4 CIP or CIL

6.5 Number of Stages

6.6 Aeration Requirements

6.7 Bypassing Requirements

6.8 Carbon Movement

6.9 Bunding Requirements

6.10 Barren Carbon Return

6.11 Leach Tails Thickener

7. CYANIDE DETOXIFICATION AND TAILINGS DISPOSAL

7.1 Residence Time

7.2 Number of Stages in the Process

7.3 Aeration and Agitation Requirements

7.4 Materials of Construction

7.5 Tailings Pumping

8. ELUTION AND GOLD ROOM

8.1 Type of Elution Circuit

8.1.1 One or Two Columns

8.1.2 Column Location

8.1.3 Degree of Automation

8.2 Gold Room

8.2.1 Location of Gold Room

8.2.2 Complexity of Gold Room Operations

8.2.3 Security

9. FLOTATION

9.1 Flotation Slurry Density

9.2 Residence Time

9.3 Circuit Configuration

9.4 Product Destination

9.5 Wear and Corrosion

9.6 Froth Tenacity

9.7 Presence of an On-stream Analyzer (OSA) System

10. REFRACTORY ORE PROCESSING

10.1 Bio-oxidation

10.2 Pressure Oxidation

10.3 Roasting

11. SERVICES AND UTILITIES

11.1 Reagents

11.2 Power

11.3 Water

11.4 Air/Oxygen

11.5 Fuel/Diesel/Gas

12. SPECIAL ISSUES FOR LARGE FACILITIES

13. CONSTRUCTABILITY

14. PITFALLS IN FEASIBILITY DESIGN

Commissioning

11 - Commissioning

2. AN OVERVIEW.

3. IMPACT OF PROJECT SIZE, CONTRACTING STRATEGY, AND PROCESS COMPLEXITY.

Notes:

Previous edition: Advances in gold ore processing. 2005.

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed May 17, 2016).

ISBN:

9780444636706

0444636706

9780444636584

0444636587

OCLC:

949883732