Membrane bioreactors and fouling : a review and directions for research / Jose King, editor.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

King, Jose, editor.

Series:

Materials science and technologies series.

Materials Science and Technologies

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Membrane reactors.

Bioreactors.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (218 pages).

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

New York : Nova Science Publishers, [2018]

Summary:

Over the past few decades, the applications of membrane technology for wastewater treatment and drinking water production have undergone accelerated development. In Membrane Bioreactors and Fouling: A Review and Directions for Research, to better understand membrane fouling, membrane categories and major foulants are identified fundamentally.Due to their effective contaminant rejection ability and robust chemical, mechanical and thermal stabilities, polymeric membranes are commonly used in water and wastewater treatments. Thus, current progressein the production and characterization of polyethersulfone membranes containing graphene oxide with antifouling properties are reviewed.Next, biofilm formation is discussed along with the factors influencing the attachment and consequent growth of microorganisms on the surface of the membrane. The common biofouling mitigation methods such as feed pre-treatment, membrane cleaning and membrane modification for preventing the formation of biofouling are also presented.The authors propose that it is essential to completely understand the dynamic changes in membrane foulants during a long-term operation for the development and implementation of fouling control methods. In this scenario, membrane fouling remains the most challenging issue in membrane bioreactor operation and attracts considerable attention in membrane bioreactor studies.An anoxic-oxic membrane bioreactor can effectively remove nitrogen. However, phosphorus removal in this system is not good enough. The authors propose that the addition of metal salts directly into the oxic basin as a solution. Metal salts may inhibit biological phosphorus removal and other biological activities such as nitrification and denitrification that directly affect nitrogen removal.In the final study, membrane fouling during the anoxic-oxic-membrane bioreactor process operated at low dissolved oxygen was examined. Experimental results demonstrated the importance to optimise dissolved oxygen during the anoxic-oxic-membrane bioreactor process, with respect to removal efficiency and membrane fouling.

Contents:

Intro

Contents

Preface

Chapter 1

Performance of Membrane Filtration Combined Advanced Oxidation Process in Water Treatment and Mitigation of Membrane Fouling

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Membrane Categories and Foulants Type

2.1. Membrane Categories

2.2. Membrane Foulants Categories

2.2.1. Particulates

2.2.2. Organic

2.2.3. Inorganic

2.2.4. Micro-Biological Organisms

3. Coupling of Membrane Filtration and Advanced Oxidation Processes

3.1. Membrane Filtration and Ozonation - O3, O3/H2O2, O3/H2O2/UV

3.1.1. Ozonation - Basic Principle

3.1.2. Ozonation as a Pretreatment or Post-Treatment Technique Coupled with Membrane Filtration

3.1.3. Hybrid Process - Ozonation Coupled with Flat-Plate Membrane Filtration

3.2. Membrane Filtration and Fenton/Photo-Fenton Oxidation

3.2.1. Fenton Oxidation - Basic Principle

3.2.2. Photo-Assisted Fenton Oxidation

3.2.3. Fenton's and Photo-Fenton's Processes as a Post-Treatment Technique Coupled with Membrane Filtration

3.3. Membrane Filtration and Photocatalysis

3.3.1. Photocatalysis - Basic Principles

3.3.2. Photocatalysis as Post-Treatment Technique Coupled Membrane Filtration

3.3.3. Hybrid Process - Photocatalytic Membranes/ Reactors (PMs/PMRs)

3.4. Membrane Filtration and Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes (EAOPs)

3.4.1. Electrochemical Oxidation - Basic Principle

3.4.2. Electro-Fenton Process

3.4.2.1. Candidates of Fenton's Catalyst

3.4.2.2. Electrolysis Systems

3.4.2.3. Operating Parameters

3.4.3. EAOPs as Post Treatment Techniques Coupled Membrane Filtration

3.4.4. Hybrid Membrane Filtration and EAOPs

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 2

Antifouling Properties of Polyethersulfone Membranes Containing Graphene Oxide

1. Introduction.

2. Membrane Fouling and GO as Antifulling Agent

3. Antifouling Properties of PES Membranes Containing GO

Chapter 3

Biofouling in a Membrane System: Mechanisms, Monitoring and Controlling

Introduction

Biofouling Mechanism

Biofouling Controlling

Engineered Polymeric Membranes for the Prevention of Biofouling

Blending

Coating

Grafting

Biological Mitigation to Prevent the Biofouling

Biographical Sketches

Chapter 4

Fouling Control Strategies in Membrane Bioreactors

2. Antifouling Strategies to Reduce Membrane Fouling

2.1. Mechanical Cleaning Techniques

2.2. Chemical Cleaning of Membranes

2.3. Biological Techniques to Control Membrane Fouling

2.4. Fouling Release Surfaces and Nanomaterials

2.5. Electrically-Based Fouling Control Approaches

2.6. Air Sparging Configurations

2.7. Ultrasonic Softening of Fouling

3. Tendencies and Future Investigations

Chapter 5

The Influence of Ferrous Sulfate on Specific Nitrification and Denitrification Rates during Simultaneous Phosphorus Removal in an Anoxic-Oxic Membrane Bioreactor

Materials and Methods

Experimental System

Phosphorus Precipitation

Specific Nitrification and Denitrification Rate

Analytical Methods

Results and Discussion

Variation of Sludge during Experiment

Effect of Ferrous Sulfate on Phosphorus Removal

Effect of Ferrous Sulfate on Specific Nitrification and Denitrification Rates

Effect of Ferrous Sulfate on COD Removal

Effect of Ferrous Sulfate on Membrane Operation

Biographical Sketch

Chapter 6.

Kinetic Modeling of the Effect of Emerging Pollutants on Membrane Bioreactor Systems for Municipal Wastewater Treatment

Emerging Pollutants

Description of a Typical MBR System

Kinetic Modeling

Respirometric Procedure

Step 1

Step 2

Step 3

Step 4

Step 5

Step 6

Rates of Carbonaceous Source Degradation and Heterotrophic Biomass Growth

Chapter 7

Insights into Membrane Fouling and Performance of a Membrane Bioreactor System Operated at Low Dissolved Oxygen for Domestic Wastewater Treatment

The AO-MBR System

Domestic Wastewater Feed

Results and Discussions

Relationship between Aeration Rate and DO Variations

Influence of Aeration Rate on Membrane Fouling

Influence of Aeration on Contaminants Removal Efficiencies of the AO-MBR Process

Combining Effect of Aeration Rate on the Nitrogen Removal and Membrane Fouling

Index

Blank Page.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9781536143645

1536143642

OCLC:

1064521177