Introduction to Communicative Disorders.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Weismer, Gary.

Contributor:

Brown, David K. (Professor of audiology)

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Communication Disorders.

Voice disorders.

Hearing disorders.

Language Development.

Speech--physiology.

Hearing--physiology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (411 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

San Diego : Plural Publishing, Incorporated, 2021.

Summary:

For undergraduate students who are taking a first course in the discipline of Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD), this textbook presents students with the range of communication impairments in society, the consequences of those impairments for the persons who have them as well as for their family members, and the treatments that are available to lessen or remediate the effects of the disorders.

Contents:

Intro

Preface

Acknowledgments

Reviewers

1. Introduction to Communication Sciences and Disorders

Introduction: Communication Sciences and Disorders as a Discipline

Communication Sciences and Disorders: The Whole Is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts

An Interdisciplinary Field

Translational Research

Does the Basic Science Work? Does the Clinic Work?

Evidence-Based Practice

A Typical Undergraduate Curriculum

Who Are the Professionals in Communication Sciences and Disorders?

Preparation for, and the Profession of, Speech-Language Pathology

Preparation for, and the Profession of, Audiology

Order of Chapters in the Text

Chapter Summary

References

2. The Nervous System: Language, Speech, and Hearing Structures and Processes

Introduction

Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems

The Neuron

The Synapse

Tour of Gross Neuroanatomy

Frontal Lobe

Occipital Lobe

Temporal Lobe

Parietal Lobe

Hidden Cortex

Subcortical Nuclei

Brainstem, Cerebellum, and Spinal Cord

The Auditory Pathways

The Dominant Hemisphere and the Perisylvian Language Areas

Arcuate Fasciculus (Dorsal Stream) and Ventral Stream

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Speech and Language Brain Activity

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Diffusion Tensor Imaging

3. Language Science

What Is Language?

Language: A Conventional System

Language: A Dynamic System

Language Is Generative

Language Uses Mental Representations

Language Is Localized in the Brain

Components of Language

Form

Social Use of Language (Pragmatics)

Language and Cognitive Processes

Why

How

When

4. Communication in a Multicultural Society

Why It Matters

Difference Versus Disorder.

Standardized Testing and Language Difference Versus Disorder

Accent, Dialect, and Culture

Accent

Dialect

Code Switching

Foreign Accent

Bilingualism and Multilingualism

5. Preverbal Foundations of Speech and Language Development

Preparatory Notes on Developmental Chronologies

0 to 3 Months: Expression (Production)

0 to 3 Months: Perception and Comprehension

3 to 8 Months: Production

3 to 8 Months: Perception and Comprehension

8 to 12 Months: Production

8 to 12 Months: Perception and Comprehension

Gesture and Preverbal Language Development

6. Typical Language Development

12 to 18 Months

18 to 24 Months

Three Years (36 Months)

Multiword Utterances, Grammatical Morphology

Expanding Utterance Length: A Measure of Linguistic Sophistication

Grammatical Morphology

Typical Language Development in School Years

Metalinguistic Skills

Pragmatic Skill: Discourse

Complex Sentences

Sample Transcript

7. Pediatric Language Disorders I

Specific Language Impairment/Developmental Language Disorder

Language Characteristics of Children with SLI/DLD

Summary of the Language Disorder in SLI/DLD

What Is The Cause of SLI/DLD?

The Role of Genetics in SLI/DLD

Language Delay and Autism Spectrum Disorder

Language Characteristics in ASD

Language Delay and Hearing Impairment

Epidemiology of Hearing Loss

Language Characteristics in Hearing Impairment

Speech and Language Development and Hearing Impairment

8. Pediatric Language Disorders II

Criteria for a Diagnosis of ID

Down Syndrome (DS): General Characteristics

Epidemiology and the DS Phenotype.

Language Characteristics in DS

Fragile X Syndrome: General Characteristics

Epidemiology of FXS

Language Characteristics in FXS

9. Language Disorders in Adults

Review of Concepts for the Role of The Nervous System In Speech, Language, and Hearing

Cerebral Hemispheres

Lateralization of Speech and Language Functions

Language Expression and Comprehension Are Represented in Different Cortical Regions of the Left Hemisphere

Connections Between Different Regions of the Brain

Perisylvian Speech and Language Areas of the Brain

Adult Language Disorders: Aphasia

Classification of Aphasia

Aphasia Due to Stroke: A Summary

Traumatic Brain Injury and Aphasia

Nature of Brain Injury in TBI

Language Impairment in TBI

Dementia

Brain Pathology in Dementia

Language Disorders in Dementia

10. Speech Science I

The Speech Mechanism: A Three-Component Description

Respiratory System Component (Power Supply for Speech)

The Respiratory System and Vegetative Breathing

Speech Breathing

Clinical Applications: An Example

The Larynx (Sound Source for Speech)

Laryngeal Cartilages

Laryngeal Muscles and Membranes

Phonation

Characteristics of Phonation

Upper Airway (Consonants and Vowels)

Muscles of the Vocal Tract

Vocal Tract Shape and Vocalic Production

Velopharyngeal Mechanism

Valving in the Vocal Tract and the Formation of Speech Sounds

Coarticulation

11. Speech Science II

The Theory of Speech Acoustics

The Sound Source

The Sound Filter

Vowel Sounds Result From the Combination of Source and Filter Acoustics.

Resonant Frequencies of Vowels Are Called Formants: Spectrograms

The Tube Model of Human Vocal Tract Makes Interesting Predictions and Suggests Interesting Problems

A Spectrogram Shows Formant Frequencies and Much More

Speech Synthesis

Speech Recognition

Speech Acoustics and Assistive Listening Devices

Speech Perception

The Perception of Speech: Special Mechanisms?

The Perception of Speech: Auditory Theories

Motor Theory and Auditory Theory: A Summary

Top-Down Influences: It Is Not All About Speech Sounds

Speech Intelligibility

12. Phonetics

International Phonetic Alphabet

Vowels and Their Phonetic Symbols

Consonants and Their Phonetic Symbols

Clinical Implications of Phonetic Transcription

13. Typical Phonological Development

Phonetic and Phonological Development: General Considerations

Phonetic and Phonological Development

Phonetic Development

Phonological Development

Typical Speech Sound Development

Determination of Speech Sound Mastery in Typically Developing Children

Possible Explanations for the Typical Sequence of Speech Sound Mastery

Phonological Processes and Speech Sound Development

Phonological Development and Word Learning

14. Motor Speech Disorders in Adults

Classification of Motor Speech Disorders

Dysarthria

Subtypes of Dysarthria

The Mayo Clinic Classification System for Motor Speech Disorders

The Dysarthrias: A Summary

Apraxia of Speech

15. Pediatric Speech Disorders I

Speech Delay

Diagnosis of Speech Delay

Quantitative Measures of Speech Delay and Speech Intelligibility

Speech Delay: Phonetic, Phonological, or Both?.

Additional Considerations in Speech Delay and Residual and Persistent Speech Sound Errors

Speech Delay and Genetics

Childhood Apraxia of Speech

CAS Compared With Adult Apraxia of Speech (AAS)

CAS: Prevalence and General Characteristics

CAS: Speech Characteristics

CAS and Overlap With Other Developmental Delays

CAS and Genetics

16. Pediatric Speech Disorders II

Childhood Motor Speech Disorders: Cerebral Palsy

Subtypes of Cerebral Palsy

Dysarthria in Cerebral Palsy

Childhood Motor Speech Disorders: Traumatic Brain Injury and Tumors

Traumatic Brain Injury

Brain Tumors

Treatment Options and Considerations

17. Fluency Disorders

Incidence and Prevalence of Stuttering

Genetic Studies

Diagnosis of Developmental Stuttering

The Natural History of Developmental Stuttering

Stage I: Typical Dysfluencies

Stage II: Borderline Stuttering

Stage III: Beginning Stuttering

Stage IV: Intermediate Stuttering

Stage V: Advanced Stuttering

Recovery of Fluency

Possible Causes of Stuttering

Psychogenic Theories

Learning Theories

Biological Theories

Acquired (Neurogenic) Stuttering

Symptoms of Neurogenic Stuttering Compared With Developmental Stuttering

Treatment Considerations

18. Voice Disorders

Epidemiology of Voice Disorders

Initial Steps in the Diagnosis of Voice Disorders

Case History

Perceptual Evaluation of the Voice

Viewing the Vocal Folds

Measurement of Basic Voice Parameters

Classification/Types of Voice Disorders

The Hypo-Hyperfunctional Continuum

Phonotrauma

Organic Voice Disorders

Functional Voice Disorders

Neurological Voice Disorders

Pediatric Voice Disorders.

Prevalence of Childhood Voice Disorders.

Notes:

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

ISBN:

9781635503166

1635503167

OCLC:

1135665042