New theories and predictions on the ozone hole and climate change / Qing-Bin Lu.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Lu, Qing-Bin, author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Chlorofluorocarbons--Environmental aspects.

Chlorofluorocarbons.

Global warming.

Ozone layer depletion.

Climatic changes.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (308 p.)

Place of Publication:

Hackensack, New Jersey : World Scientific, 2015.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

"This monograph reviews the establishment of new theories of the ozone hole and global climate change, two major scientific problems of global concern. It provides a comprehensive overview of the author's work including significant discoveries and pioneering contributions, such as the discovery of extremely effective dissociative electron transfer reactions of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) adsorbed on ice surfaces and its implications for atmospheric ozone depletion; the proposal of the cosmic-ray-driven electron-induced-reaction (CRE) theory for the ozone hole; the predictions of 11-year cyclic variations in polar ozone loss and stratospheric cooling; the discovery of the nearly perfect linear correlation between CFCs and global surface temperature; the proposal of the CFC theory for modern global warming; the discovery of greenhouse-gas-specific climate sensitivity and the parameter-free calculation of global surface temperature change caused by CFCs; the prediction of global cooling; and so on. Unlike conventional atmospheric and climate models, the author's theoretical models were established on robust observed data rather than computer simulations with multiple parameters. The new theories have shown the best agreements with the observed data within 10% uncertainties. This book highlights the scientific understandings of the world-concerned problems from the unique point of view of a physicist who seeks theories with great simplicity and superior predictive capacity. This book is self-contained and unified in presentation. It may be used as an advanced book by graduate students and even ambitious undergraduates in physics, chemistry, environmental and climate sciences. It is also suitable for non-expert readers and policy makers who wish to have an overview of the sciences behind atmospheric ozone depletion and global climate change."-- Provided by publisher.

Contents:

Contents; Dedication; Preface; Acknowledgments; List of Abbreviations; Chapter 1 Basic Physics and Chemistry of the Earth's Atmosphere; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Earth's atmosphere; 1.2.1 Atmospheric compositions; 1.2.2 Atmosphereic layers; 1.2.3 Atmospheric temperature profile; 1.3 Radiation in the atmosphere; 1.3.1 Solar radiation; 1.3.1.1 Solar activities; 1.3.1.2 Solar Cycle; 1.3.2 Cosmic ray radiation; 1.3.2.1 Discovery and early research; 1.3.2.2 Primary cosmic ray composition and energy distribution; 1.3.2.3 Secondary cosmic rays and solar cosmic rays

1.3.2.4 Cosmic ray flux in Earth's atmosphere1.3.3 Terrestrial radiation; 1.4 Photon interactions with atmospheric molecules; 1.4.1 Photoexcitation; 1.4.2 Photodissociation; 1.4.3 Photoionization; 1.5 Atmospheric ionization; 1.5.1 Ionization in the upper atmosphere; 1.5.2 Ionization in the stratosphere and troposphere; 1.6 Ion chemistry in the atmosphere below 100 km; 1.6.1 D-region (50-80 km); 1.6.2 Stratosphere and troposphere (below 50 km); 1.6.3 Ultrafast reactions with prehydrated electrons; 1.7 Concluding remarks; Chapter 2 Interactions of Electrons with Atmospheric Molecules

2.1 Introduction2.2 Electron interactions with molecules; 2.3 Negative ion resonances in electron-molecule interactions; 2.3.1 Dissociative electron attachment (DEA) in the gas phase; 2.3.2 DEAs in liquid and solid phases; 2.4 Examples of negative ion resonances of atmospheric molecules; 2.4.1 Nitrogen (N2); 2.4.2 Oxygen (O2); 2.4.3 Nitrogen monoxide (N2O); 2.4.4 Nitrogen oxygen (NO2); 2.4.5 Halogen-containing molecules; 2.5 Concluding remarks; Chapter 3 Conventional Understanding of Ozone Depletion; 3.1 The ozone layer and its formation; 3.2 The observation of the ozone hole

3.2.1 The early observation3.2.2 The Antarctic ozone hole; 3.3 Photochemical models of ozone depletion; 3.3.1 Catalytic destruction of ozone by HOx; 3.3.2 Catalytic destruction of ozone by odd nitrogen; 3.3.3 Catalytic destruction of ozone by halogen; 3.3.4 Heterogeneous chemical reactions in the polar stratosphere; 3.3.5 Summary of mechanisms for polar ozone loss; 3.4 Montreal Protocol; 3.5 Photochemical models versus observations; 3.6 Concluding remarks; Chapter 4 The Cosmic-Ray-Driven Theory of the Ozone Hole: Laboratory Observations; 4.1 Introduction

4.2 Dissociative electron attachment to halogenated gases4.3 Discovery of extremely effective dissociative electron transfer (DET) of halogenated molecules on ice; 4.3.1 DET vs DEA; 4.3.2 Electron-stimulated desorption (ESD) experiments of CFCs adsorbed on ice surfaces; 4.3.3 Proposal of a dissociative electron transfer (DET) mechanism; 4.3.4 Observations of DET reactions from electron trapping measurements; 4.3.5 Observations of DET from femtosecond time-resolved laser spectroscopic measurements; 4.3.6 DEA/DET reactions of ClONO2; 4.3.7 Temperature dependent DEA/DET cross section

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

981-4619-45-0