Plant stems : physiology and functional morphology / edited by Barbara L. Gartner.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Gartner, Barbara L.

Series:

Physiological ecology.

Physiological ecology

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Stems (Botany).

Tree trunks.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (461 p.)

Place of Publication:

San Diego, CA : Academic Press, 1995.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

Stems, of various sizes and shapes, are involved in most of the organic processes and interactions of plants, ranging from support, transport, and storage to development and protection. The stem itself is a crucially important intermediary: it links above- and below ground organs-connecting roots to leaves. An international team of leading researchers vividly illustrate that stems are more than pipes, more than simple connecting and supporting structures; rather stems are critical, anatomically distinct structures of enormous variability. It is, to an unappreciated extent, this variability tha

Contents:

Front Cover; Plant Stems: Physiology and Functional Morphology; Copyright Page; Contents; Contributors; Preface; Acknowledgments; Part I: Roles of Stem Architecture in Plant Performance; Chapter 1. Plant Stems: Biomechanical Adaptation for Energy Capture and Influence on Species Distributions; I. Introduction; II. Constraints on Optimal Stem Allocation, Form, and Growth Dynamics; III. Energetic Trade-offs and Predicted Trends; IV. Conclusion and Coda; References; Chapter 2. Opportunities and Constraints in the Placement of Flowers and Fruits; I. Introduction

II. Adaptive Opportunities in Flower and Fruit PlacementIII. Functional Constraints on Reproduction; IV. Biomechanical Factors Influencing the Placement of Flowers and Fruits; V. Can Flower Placement Constrain Stem or Shoot Growth?; VI. How Are Flower Types Influenced by Flower Placement?; VII. Prospects for Further Research: Exploring Trade-offs; References; Chapter 3. Biomechanical Optimum in Woody Stems; I. Trees as Sailboats; II. Human-Made Engineering Design versus Grown Biomechanical Design; III. Optimum Mechanical Design; IV.. The Design Principle in Trees; V. Safety Factors

VI. Relevance of Hollow Spaces and Cavities to Safety of TreesVII. Repair of the Damaged Optimum; VIII. Summary; References; Chapter 4. Shrub Stems: Form and Function; I. Introduction; II. Stem Hydraulics and Adaptations to Drought; III. Stem Height and Form; IV. Architectural Strategies; V. Future Areas for Research; References; Part II: Roles of Stems in Transport and Storage of Water; Chapter 5. Limitations on Stem Water Transport and Their Consequences; I. Introduction; II. Importance of Stem Water Transport; III. Limits on Stem Water Transport: Cavitation; IV. Freezing and Cavitation

V. Water Stress and CavitationVI. Conclusions; References; Chapter 6. Patterns of Xylem Variation within a Tree and Their Hydraulic and Mechanical Consequences; I. Introduction; II. Typical Patterns of Xylem Variation; III. Variation in Water Transport; IV. Variation in Stresses, Structure, and Density; V. Conclusions; References; Chapter 7. Stem Water Storage; I. Introduction; II. Approaches to Studying Stem Water Storage; III. Structural Features Influencing Stem Water Storage; IV. Ecological Significance of Stem Water Storage; V. Conclusions and Directions for Future Research; References

Part III: Roles of Live Stem Cells in Plant PerformanceChapter 8. Role of Stems in Transport, Storage, and Circulation of Ions and Metabolites by the Whole Plant; I. Introduction; II. Anatomical Features of Stems in Relation to Storage and Internal Exchanges between Transport Channels; III. Modeling Empirically the Role Played by Stems in Partitioning, Storage, and Utilization of Specific Nutrient Elements; IV. Case Studies; V. Conclusions; References; Chapter 9. The Low Profile Directors of Carbon and Nitrogen Economy in Plants: Parenchyma Cells Associated with Translocation Channels

I. Introduction

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN:

1-281-04646-9

9786611046460

0-08-053908-4

OCLC:

476104143