Chemical sensors [electronic resource] : fundamentals of sensing materials. Volume 1, General approaches / edited by Ghenadii Korotcenkov.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Korotchenkov, G. S. (Gennadiĭ Sergeevich)

Series:

Sensor technology series.

Sensors technology series

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Chemical detectors.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (408 p.)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

[New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017) : Momentum Press, 2010.

Language Note:

English

Summary:

This volume provides an introduction to the fundamentals of sensing materials. We have tried to provide here the basic knowledge necessary for understanding chemical sensing through a brief description of the principles of chemical sensor operation and consideration of the processes that take place in chemical sensors and that are responsible for observed operating characteristics. In spite of the seeming extreme simplicity of chemical sensor operation and application, understanding the mechanisms involved in the process of chemical sensing is usually not so simple. Chemical sensing as a rule is a multistage and multichannel process, which requires a multidisciplinary approach. Therefore, in this volume we provide a description of the important electronic, electrophysical, and chemical properties, as well as diffusion, adsorption/desorption, and catalytic processes.

Contents:

Preface to Chemical sensors: fundamentals of sensing materials

Preface to Volume 1: General approaches

About the editor

Contributors

1. Basic principles of chemical sensor operation / M.Z. Atashbar, S. Krishnamurthy, G. Korotcenkov

Introduction

Electrochemical sensors

Amperometric sensors

Conductometric sensors

Potentiometric sensors

Capacitance sensors

Work-function sensors

Field-effect transistor sensors

chemFET-based sensors

Schottky diode-based sensors

Catalytic sensors

Acoustic wave sensors

Thickness shear mode sensors

Surface acoustic wave sensors

Mass-sensitive sensors

Optical sensors

Fiber optic chemical sensors

Fluorescence fiber optic chemical sensors

Absorption fiber optic chemical sensors

Refractometric fiber optic chemical sensors

Absorption-based sensors

Surface plasmon resonance sensors

Photoacoustic sensors

Thermoelectric sensors

Thermal conductivity sensors

Flame ionization sensors

Langmuir-Blodgett film sensors

References

2. Desired properties for sensing materials / G. Korotcenkov

Common characteristics of metal oxides

Crystal structure of metal oxides

Electronic structure of metal oxides

Role of the electronic structure of metal oxides in surface processes

Surface properties of sensing materials

Electronic properties of metal oxide surfaces

Role of adsorption/desorption parameters in gas-sensing effects

Catalytic activity of sensing materials

Stability of parameters in sensing materials

Thermodynamic stability

Chemical stability

Long-term stability

Electrophysical properties of sensing materials

Oxygen diffusion in metal oxides

Conductivity type

Band gap

Electroconductivity

Other important parameters for sensing materials

Structural properties of sensing materials

Grain size

Crystal shape

Surface geometry

Film texture

Surface stoichiometry (disordering)

Porosity and active surface area

Agglomeration

Outlook

Acknowledgments

3. Combinatorial concepts for development of sensing materials / R.A. Potyrailo

General principles of combinatorial materials screening

Opportunities for sensing materials

Designs of combinatorial libraries of sensing materials

Discovery and optimization of sensing materials using discrete arrays

Radiant energy transduction sensors

Mechanical energy transduction sensors

Electrical energy transduction sensors

Optimization of sensing materials using gradient arrays

Variable concentration of reagents

Variable thickness of sensing films

Variable 2-D composition

Variable operation temperature and diffusion-layer thickness

Emerging wireless technologies for combinatorial screening of sensing materials

Summary and outlook

4. Synthesis and deposition of sensor materials / G. Korotcenkov, B.K. Cho

1. Deposition technology: introduction and overview

2. Vacuum evaporation and vacuum deposition

Principles of film deposition by the vacuum evaporation method

Disadvantages of the vacuum evaporation method

Film deposition by thermal evaporation

3. Sputtering technology

Principles of deposition by sputtering

Sputtering techniques

Advantages and disadvantages of sputtering technology

Properties of films deposited by sputtering

4. The RGTO technique

Particulars of the RGTO method

Advantages and disadvantages of RGTO

5. Laser ablation or pulsed laser deposition

Principles of pulsed laser deposition

Advantages and disadvantages of PLD

Technical approaches to improving PLD results

Some particulars of film deposition by the PLD method

6. Ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD)

Principles of the IBAD method

7. Chemical vapor deposition

Principles of the CVD process

Chemical precursors and reaction chemistry

Particulars of CVD technology

Advantages and disadvantages of CVD

Variants of CVD methods

8. Deposition from aerosol phase

Principles and mechanism of the deposition process

Atomization techniques

Advantages and disadvantages of deposition from an aerosol phase

Technology of the pyrolysis process

Regularities of metal oxide growth during spray pyrolysis deposition

9. Deposition from aqueous solutions

Chemical bath deposition (CBD)

Selective ion-layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) or successive

Ionic-layer deposition (SILD)

Liquid-phase deposition (LPD)

Electroless deposition (ED)

Electrochemical deposition (ECD)

Ferrite plating

Liquid flow deposition (LFD)

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD)

Photochemical deposition (PCD), applying external forces or fields

Summary

10. The sol-gel process

Principles of the sol-gel process

Sol-gel chemistry and technology

Advantages and disadvantages of sol-gel techniques

Calcination of sol-gel-obtained oxides

Organic-inorganic hybrid materials (OIHM)

11. Powder technology

Gas processing condensation (GPC)

Chemical vapor condensation (CVC)

Microwave plasma processing (MPP)

Combustion flame synthesis (CFS)

Nanopowder collection

Mechanical milling of powders

12. Polymer technology

Methods of polymer synthesis

Fabrication of polymer films

13. Deposition on fibers

Specifics of film deposition on fibers

Coating design and tooling

5. Modification of sensing materials: metal oxide materials engineering / G. Korotcenkov

Control of sensor response through structural engineering of metal oxides

Structural engineering, what does it mean

Structural engineering of metal oxides, technical approaches

Sensor response control through modification of metal oxide composition

Phase modification of metal oxides

Methods of phase modification

Influence of additives on structural properties of multicomponent metal oxides

Gas-sensing properties of multicomponent metal oxides

Sensor response control through surface modification of metal oxides

Methods of surface modification

Influence of surface modification on gas-sensing properties of metal oxides

Surface additives as active and passive filters

Improved operating characteristics of gas sensors through materials engineering of metal oxides: what determines the choice

Device application

The nature of the gas to be detected

Detection mechanism

Environmental conditions during use

Required rate of sensor response

Required sensitivity

Sensor response selectivity

Compatibility with peripheral measuring devices

Index.

Notes:

Description based upon print version of record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on September 16, 2010).

ISBN:

1-283-89559-5

1-60650-105-4

OCLC:

819592942