Nanotechnology applications for solar energy systems / Mohsen Sheikholeslami.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Sheikholeslami, Mohsen, 1988- editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Solar energy--Technological innovations.

Solar energy.

Nanotechnology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (445 pages)

Edition:

1st.

Place of Publication:

Chichester, England : John Wiley & Sons Ltd, [2023]

Summary:

Nanotechnology Applications for Solar Energy Systems Understand the latest developments in solar nanotechnology with this comprehensive guide Solar energy has never seemed a more critical component of humanity's future. As global researchers and industries work to develop sustainable technologies and energy sources worldwide, the need to increase efficiency and decrease costs becomes paramount. Nanotechnology has the potential to play a considerable role in meeting these challenges, leading to the development of solar energy systems that overcome the limitations of existing technologies. Nanotechnology Applications for Solar Energy Systems is a comprehensive guide to the latest technological advancements and applications of nanotechnology in the field of solar energy. It analyzes nanotechnology applications across a full range of solar energy systems, reviewing feasible technological advancements for enhanced performance of solar energy devices, and discussing emerging nanomaterials such as graphene and graphene derivatives. Nanotechnology Applications for Solar Energy Systems readers will also find: Detailed treatment of nanotechnology applications in systems including solar concentrating collectors, linear Fresnel reflectors, parabolic trough collectors, and more Coverage of methods to enhance the performance of solar energy devices including solar ponds and solar steam generators A comprehensive review of nanomaterials classification and the properties of nanomaterials in heat transfer and efficiency enhancement Nanotechnology Applications for Solar Energy Systems is critical for researchers in fields related to solar energy, engineers and industry professionals developing solar technology, and academics working in related fields such as chemistry, physics, materials science, and electrical engineering.

Contents:

Intro

Nanotechnology Applications for Solar Energy Systems

Contents

About the Editor

List of Contributors

Preface

1 Solar Energy Applications

1.1 Introduction and Recent Advances

1.2 Solar Energy Applications

1.2.1 Electricity Production Using Photovoltaics at Large Scale

1.2.2 Small-Scale Electricity Production for Houses and Commercial Buildings

1.2.3 Off-Grid Applications Using Photovoltaics

1.2.4 Concentrating Solar Thermal Electricity

1.2.5 Solar Thermochemical Processes

1.2.6 Solar Water Heating

1.2.7 Heating of Solar Architecture

1.2.8 Air Conditioning Through Water Evaporation

1.2.9 Artificial Photosynthesis

1.2.10 Decomposing Waste and Biofuels Production

1.3 Classification of Solar Energy Devices

1.3.1 Concentrating Solar Power

1.3.2 Building Integrated Solar Systems

1.3.3 Solar-Thermal Collectors

1.3.4 Solar Thermochemistry

1.3.5 Solar Thermal Energy Storage

1.3.6 Solar-Driven Water Distillation

1.4 Benefits and Opportunities

1.5 Challenges

1.6 Future Aspects

1.7 Conclusion

References

2 Application of Nanofluid for Solar Stills

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Desalination Technology

2.2.1 What is a Solar Still?

2.2.2 Parameters Affecting Pure Water Yield of Basin Type SSs

2.2.3 Pure Water Augmentation of Solar Still Units

2.3 Nanofluid

2.3.1 Nanofluid Basics

2.3.2 Nanofluid Characteristics

2.3.3 Nanofluid Application in Solar Desalination

3 Classification of Concentrating Solar Collectors Based on Focusing Shape and Studying on Their Performance, Financial Evaluation, and Industrial Adoption

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Overview of Concentrating Solar Collectors

3.1.2 Some of the Applications of Concentrating Solar Collectors

3.2 Line Focus Concentrating Solar Collectors

3.2.1 Linear Fresnel Reflector.

3.2.2 Parabolic Trough Collector

3.2.3 Compound Parabolic

3.3 Point Focus and Other Concentrating Solar Collectors

3.3.1 Central Receiver System

3.3.2 Solar Dish

3.3.3 Fresnel Lens

3.4 Improving the Thermal Performance of Solar Concentrating Collectors

3.5 Industrial Adoption and Costs of Solar Concentrating Collectors

3.6 Conclusions and Recommendations

4 Nanotechnology for Heat Transfer

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Classification of Nanomaterials

4.2.1 Zero-dimensional (0D)

4.2.2 One-dimensional (1D)

4.2.3 Two-dimensional (2D)

4.2.4 Three-dimensional (3D)

4.3 Heat Transfer Characteristics and Applications of Nanotechnology on the Heat Transfer Enhancement

4.3.1 Convective Heat Transfer

4.3.2 Boiling Heat Transfer

4.3.3 Thermal Conductivity

4.3.4 Viscosity

4.4 A Review of Studies and Recent Advances Using Nanomaterials in Energy Conversion, Energy Storage, and Heat Transfer Developm

4.5 Recent Advances

4.6 Challenges and Future Scope

4.7 Conclusion

5 Nanofluids in Linear Fresnel Reflector

5.1 Introduction and Recent Advances of Linear Fresnel Reflectors

5.2 The Idea of Using Nanofluids in Solar Collectors

5.3 A Review of Studies with Nanofluid-based Linear Fresnel Reflector

5.4 Remarks and Future Scope

5.4.1 Advantages of LFR

5.4.2 Disadvantages of LFR

5.5 Conclusions

6 Thermal Management and Performance Enhancement of Parabolic Trough Concentrators Using Nanofluids

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Recent Advances of Parabolic Trough Collectors

6.3 Application of Nanofluids in PTCs

6.4 State-of-Art Studies on Using Nanofluids in Parabolic Trough Collectors

6.5 Conclusions and Future Scope

7 Developing Innovations in Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTCs) Based on Numerical Studies

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 An Introduction to Simulation Software

7.3 Numerical Studies

7.3.1 Design Parameters and Working Conditions in PTCs

7.3.2 Using Inserts in PTCs

7.3.3 Using Surface Modification Methods in PTCs

7.3.4 Using Nanofluids in PTCs

7.3.5 Using Nanofluids and Other Passive Methods in PTCs

7.3.6 PTCs Integrated into Cooling Systems

7.3.7 PTCs Integrated into Concentrated Solar Power Plants

7.3.8 PTCs Integrated into Solar-powered Cycles

7.3.9 PTCs Integrated into Solar Industrial Process Heat Plants

7.3.10 PTCs Integrated into Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) System

7.3.11 PTCs Integrated into Desalination Systems

7.4 Challenges

7.5 Conclusion

7.6 Future Directions

8 Nanofluids in Solar Thermal Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTCs)

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Fundamentals of PTCs

8.2.1 Components of a PTC

8.2.2 Mathematical Formulations of PTCs

8.2.3 Experimental Analysis (Standard Test Methods)

8.3 Heat Transfer Fluids (HTFs) in PTCs

8.3.1 Thermal Oils

8.3.2 Liquid-water Steam

8.3.3 Pressurized Gasses

8.3.4 Molten Salts

8.3.5 Nanofluids

8.4 Heat Transfer Improvement Methods in PTCs

8.4.1 Design Parameters

8.4.2 The Application of Nanofluids in PTCs

8.4.3 Combination of Nanofluids and Other Thermal Efficiency Enhancement Methods

8.5 Economic Analysis

8.6 Challenges

8.7 Conclusion

8.8 Future Directions

Acknowledgment

9 Applications of Nanotechnology in the Harvesting of Solar Energy

9.1 Introduction

9.1.1 Overview of the Status of the Solar Energy

9.1.2 Nanotechnology Overview

9.2 Solar Harvesting Technology Using Nanomaterials

9.3 Various Modern Solar Harvesting Technologies

9.3.1 Solar Collectors

9.3.2 Fuel Cells

9.3.3 Photocatalysis

9.3.4 Solar Photovoltaics.

9.4 Production Methods of Solar Cell Technology

9.4.1 First Generation Solar Cell: Silicon Solar Cells

9.4.2 Second Generation Solar Cells: Thin-film Solar Cell

9.4.3 Third Generation Solar Cells

9.5 Challenges in Using Nanotechnology

9.6 Conclusion

10 Tubular Solar Thermal System: Recent Development and Its Utilization

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Different Tubular Solar System

10.2.1 Evacuated Tubular Collector

10.2.2 Tubular Solar Still

10.2.3 Tubular System for Concentrating Solar Power

10.3 Heat Transfer Fluid for the Tubular System

10.3.1 Nanofluid

10.3.2 Nano-enhanced Molten Salt

10.3.3 Liquid Metal

10.4 Conclusion

11 Nanofluids in Flat Plate Solar Collectors

11.1 Nanofluid in Flat Plate Collector

11.2 Introduction and Recent Advances of Flat Plate Collectors

11.3 Application of Nanofluids in the Flat Plate Collector

11.4 A Review of Studies Using Nanomaterials in Flat Pale Collector

11.5 Remarks and Future Scope

11.6 Conclusion

12 Recent Advances in the Simulation of Solar Photovoltaic Cell Cooling Systems Using Nanofluids

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Photovoltaic Thermal (PVT) System

12.3 Performance Parameters

12.4 An Overview of Numerical Approaches

12.5 Previous Research on PVT Systems

12.5.1 PVT Nanofluid-Based Systems

12.5.2 PVT Multiple-Nanofluid-Based Systems

12.5.3 PVT/ PCM Nanofluid-Based Systems

12.5.4 Economic Analysis in PVT Studies

12.6 Future Works

12.7 Conclusions

13 Multiphase Modeling of Powder Flow in an Ejector of Solar-driven Refrigeration System by Eulerian-Lagrangian Approach

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Governing Equations

13.2.1 Continuity Equation

13.2.2 Momentum Equation

13.3 Geometry Design and Meshing

13.3.1 Generation of the Model.

13.3.2 Mesh Generation and Study

13.3.3 Grid Independency

13.3.4 Validation

13.4 Results

13.4.1 Optimization of the Nozzle

13.4.2 Investigation of the Relation between Outlet Velocity and Entrainment Parameter (N)

13.4.3 Unsteady Case

13.5 Conclusion

Declaration of interests

14 Radiative Non-Newtonian Nanofluid Flow through Stretchable Disks: An Application to Solar Thermal Systems

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Problem Formulation

14.3 Numerical Solution

14.4 Results and Discussion

14.5 Conclusions

15 Cooling of PV/ T System with Nanofluid and PCM

15.1 Introduction

15.1.1 Overview

15.1.2 Need for Cooling of Photovoltaics

15.2 Application of Nanofluid and PCM for Cooling of PV/T System

15.2.1 Nanofluids

15.2.2 Phase Change Materials

15.3 A Review of Studies Using Nanofluid and PCM for Cooling of PV/T System

15.4 Remarks and Future Scope

15.5 Conclusion

16 Revival of Functional Nanofluid Photothermal Materials for Solar Still Applications

16.1 Nanofluid Based Solar Stills

16.2 General Factors for Efficient Solar Still

16.2.1 Environmental Factors

16.2.2 Physical Factors

16.3 Development and Modifications

16.3.1 Conventional Single-effect Solar Still

16.3.2 Solar Reflectors

16.3.3 Wicked Type Solar Stills

16.4 Application of Nanofluids in Solar Still

16.4.1 Methodologies for the Fabrication of Nanofluids

16.4.2 Optical Properties of Nanofluids

16.4.3 Photothermal of Nanofluids

16.5 Carbon-based Nanofluid

16.6 Metallic/ Metal Oxide Nanofluids

16.7 Magnetic Nanofluids

16.8 Solar Thermal Collectors

16.9 Solar-driven Steam Generators

16.10 Remarks and Future Scope

16.11 Conclusion

17 Nanotechnology in Solar Lighting.

17.1 Optical Fiber Lighting Based on Sunlight.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

<p>About the Editor xiii</p> <p>List of Contributors xv</p> <p>Preface xix</p> <p>1 Solar Energy Applications 1</p> <p>Swati Singh, Punit Singh, and Zafar Said</p> <p>1.1 Introduction and Recent Advances 1</p> <p>1.2 Solar Energy Applications 5</p> <p>1.2.1 Electricity Production Using Photovoltaics at Large Scale 5</p> <p>1.2.2 Small-Scale Electricity Production for Houses and Commercial Buildings 6</p> <p>1.2.3 Off-Grid Applications Using Photovoltaics 6</p> <p>1.2.4 Concentrating Solar Thermal Electricity 7</p> <p>1.2.5 Solar Thermochemical Processes 7</p> <p>1.2.6 Solar Water Heating 8</p> <p>1.2.7 Heating of Solar Architecture 8</p> <p>1.2.8 Air Conditioning Through Water Evaporation 8</p> <p>1.2.9 Artificial Photosynthesis 9</p> <p>1.2.10 Decomposing Waste and Biofuels Production 9</p> <p>1.3 Classification of Solar Energy Devices 10</p> <p>1.3.1 Concentrating Solar Power 10</p> <p>1.3.2 Building Integrated Solar Systems 10</p> <p>1.3.3 Solar-Thermal Collectors 11</p> <p>1.3.4 Solar Thermochemistry 11</p> <p>1.3.5 Solar Thermal Energy Storage 12</p> <p>1.3.6 Solar-Driven Water Distillation 12</p> <p>1.4 Benefits and Opportunities 13</p> <p>1.5 Challenges 16</p> <p>1.6 Future Aspects 18</p> <p>1.7 Conclusion 18</p> <p>References 19</p> <p>2 Application of Nanofluid for Solar Stills 25</p> <p>Mohammad Javad Raji Asadabadi , Mohsen Sheikholeslami, and Ladan Momayez </p> <p>2.1 Introduction25</p> <p>2.2 Desalination Technology25</p> <p>2.2.1 What is a Solar Still?26</p> <p>2.2.2 Parameters Affecting Pure Water Yield of Basin Type SSs27</p> <p>2.2.3 Pure Water Augmentation of Solar Still Units28</p> <p>2.3 Nanofluid33</p> <p>2.3.1 Nanofluid Basics34</p> <p>2.3.2 Nanofluid Characteristics35</p> <p>2.3.3 Nanofluid Application in Solar Desalination35</p> <p>References43</p> <p>3 Classification of Concentrating Solar Collectors Based on Focusing Shape and Studying on Their Performance, Financial Evaluation, and Industrial Adoption 49</p> <p>Z. Ebrahimpour and Mark Mba-Wright</p> <p>3.1 Introduction49</p> <p>3.1.1 Overview of Concentrating Solar Collectors49</p> <p>3.1.2 Some of the Applications of Concentrating Solar Collectors50</p> <p>3.2 Line Focus Concentrating Solar Collectors51</p> <p>3.2.1 Linear Fresnel Reflector51</p> <p>3.2.2 Parabolic Trough Collector53</p> <p>3.2.3 Compound Parabolic55</p> <p>3.3 Point Focus and Other Concentrating Solar Collectors57</p> <p>3.3.1 Central Receiver System57</p> <p>3.3.2 Solar Dish59</p> <p>3.3.3 Fresnel Lens60</p> <p>3.4 Improving the Thermal Performance of Solar Concentrating Collectors62</p> <p>3.5 Industrial Adoption and Costs of Solar Concentrating Collectors63</p> <p>3.6 Conclusions and Recommendations63</p> <p>References66</p> <p>4 Nanotechnology for Heat Transfer 71</p> <p>Zafar Said , Maham Aslam Sohail, and Evangelos Bellos</p> <p>4.1 Introduction71</p> <p>4.2 Classification of Nanomaterials72</p> <p>4.2.1 Zero-dimensional (0D)72</p> <p>4.2.2 One-dimensional (1D)72</p> <p>4.2.3 Two-dimensional (2D)72</p> <p>4.2.4 Three-dimensional (3D)73</p> <p>4.3 Heat Transfer Characteristics and Applications of Nanotechnology on the Heat Transfer Enhancement73</p> <p>4.3.1 Convective Heat Transfer75</p> <p>4.3.2 Boiling Heat Transfer77</p> <p>4.3.3 Thermal Conductivity77</p> <p>4.3.4 Viscosity78</p> <p>4.4 A Review of Studies and Recent Advances Using Nanomaterials in Energy Conversion, Energy Storage, and Heat Transfer Development79</p> <p>4.5 Recent Advances79</p> <p>4.6 Challenges and Future Scope86</p> <p>4.7 Conclusion87</p> <p>References87</p> <p>5 Nanofluids in Linear Fresnel Reflector 99</p> <p>Evangelos Bellos, Zafar Said, and Christos Tzivanidis</p> <p>5.1 Introduction and Recent Advances of Linear Fresnel Reflectors99</p> <p>5.2 The Idea of Using Nanofluids in Solar Collectors108</p> <p>5.3 A Review of Studies with Nanofluid-based Linear Fresnel Reflector112</p> <p>5.4 Remarks and Future Scope118</p> <p>5.4.1 Advantages of LFR118</p> <p>5.4.2 Disadvantages of LFR118</p> <p>5.5 Conclusions121</p> <p>References121</p> <p>6 Thermal Management and Performance Enhancement of Parabolic Trough Concentrators Using Nanofluids 125</p> <p>Muhammed A. Hassan</p> <p>6.1 Introduction125</p> <p>6.2 Recent Advances of Parabolic Trough Collectors127</p> <p>6.3 Application of Nanofluids in PTCs131</p> <p>6.4 State-of-Art Studies on Using Nanofluids in Parabolic Trough Collectors 136</p> <p>6.5 Conclusions and Future Scope139</p> <p>References142</p> <p>7 Developing Innovations in Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTCs) Based on Numerical Studies 145</p> <p>Sanaz Akbarzadeh, Maziar Dehghan, Mohammad Sadegh Valipour, and Huijin Xu</p> <p>7.1 Introduction145</p> <p>7.2 An Introduction to Simulation Software148</p> <p>7.3 Numerical Studies148</p> <p>7.3.1 Design Parameters and Working Conditions in PTCs150</p> <p>7.3.2 Using Inserts in PTCs154</p> <p>7.3.3 Using Surface Modification Methods in PTCs157</p> <p>7.3.4 Using Nanofluids in PTCs160</p> <p>7.3.5 Using Nanofluids and Other Passive Methods in PTCs162</p> <p>7.3.6 PTCs Integrated into Cooling Systems165</p> <p>7.3.7 PTCs Integrated into Concentrated Solar Power Plants166</p> <p>7.3.8 PTCs Integrated into Solar-powered Cycles168</p> <p>7.3.9 PTCs Integrated into Solar Industrial Process Heat Plants170</p> <p>7.3.10 PTCs Integrated into Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) System175</p> <p>7.3.11 PTCs Integrated into Desalination Systems175</p> <p>7.4 Challenges 179</p> <p>7.5 Conclusion 179</p> <p>7.6 Future Directions 183</p> <p>References 183</p> <p>8 Nanofluids in Solar Thermal Parabolic Trough Collectors (PTCs) 191</p> <p>Maziar Dehghan, Sanaz Akbarzadeh, Mohammad Sadegh Valipour, and Hafiz Muhammad Ali</p> <p>8.1 Introduction 191</p> <p>8.2 Fundamentals of PTCs 194</p> <p>8.2.1 Components of a PTC 194</p> <p>8.2.2 Mathematical Formulations of PTCs 195</p> <p>8.2.3 Experimental Analysis (Standard Test Methods) 203</p> <p>8.3 Heat Transfer Fluids (HTFs) in PTCs 203</p> <p>8.3.1 Thermal Oils 204</p> <p>8.3.2 Liquid-water Steam 204</p> <p>8.3.3 Pressurized Gasses 204</p> <p>8.3.4 Molten Salts 204</p> <p>8.3.5 Nanofluids 204</p> <p>8.4 Heat Transfer Improvement Methods in PTCs 206</p> <p>8.4.1 Design Parameters 206</p> <p>8.4.2 The Application of Nanofluids in PTCs 208</p> <p>8.4.3 Combination of Nanofluids and Other Thermal Efficiency Enhancement Methods 219</p> <p>8.5 Economic Analysis 225</p> <p>8.6 Challenges 228</p> <p>8.7 Conclusion 228</p> <p>8.8 Future Directions 229</p> <p>Acknowledgment 230</p> <p>References 230</p> <p>9 Applications of Nanotechnology in the Harvesting of Solar Energy 239</p> <p>Seyede Mohaddese Mousavi, Zahra Sayah Alborzi, Saba Raveshiyan, and Younes Amini</p> <p>9.1 Introduction 239</p> <p>9.1.1 Overview of the Status of the Solar Energy 239</p> <p>9.1.2 Nanotechnology Overview 240</p> <p>9.2 Solar Harvesting Technology Using Nanomaterials 242</p> <p>9.3 Various Modern Solar Harvesting Technologies 242</p> <p>9.3.1 Solar Collectors 242</p> <p>9.3.2 Fuel Cells 243</p> <p>9.3.3 Photocatalysis 243</p> <p>9.3.4 Solar Photovoltaics 246</p> <p>9.4 Production Methods of Solar Cell Technology 247</p> <p>9.4.1 First Generation Solar Cell: Silicon Solar Cells 247</p> <p>9.4.2 Second Generation Solar Cells: Thin-film Solar Cell 248</p> <p>9.4.3 Third Generation Solar Cells 250</p> <p>9.5 Challenges in Using Nanotechnology 251</p> <p>9.6 Conclusion 252</p> <p>References 253</p> <p>10 Tubular Solar Thermal System: Recent Development and Its Utilization 257</p> <p>Arun Kumar Tiwari and Amit Kumar</p> <p>10.1 Introduction 257</p> <p>10.2 Different Tubular Solar System 258</p> <p>10.2.1 Evacuated Tubular Collector 258</p> <p>10.2.2 Tubular Solar Still 259</p> <p>10.2.3 Tubular System for Concentrating Solar Power 262</p> <p>10.3 Heat Transfer Fluid for the Tubular System 264</p> <p>10.3.1 Nanofluid 264</p> <p>10.3.2 Nano-enhanced Molten Salt 264</p> <p>10.3.3 Liquid Metal 265</p> <p>10.4 Conclusion 266</p> <p>References 266</p> <p>11 Nan

ISBN:

9781119791188

1119791189

9781119791232

1119791235

9781119791201

1119791200

OCLC:

1374427285