Essentials of cognitive neuroscience / Bradley R. Postle.

Format:

Book

Author/Creator:

Postle, Bradley R., author.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Clinical neuropsychology--Textbooks.

Clinical neuropsychology.

Cognitive neuroscience--Textbooks.

Cognitive neuroscience.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (610 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Chichester, West Sussex, [England] : John Wiley & Sons, 2015.

Summary:

Essentials of Cognitive Neuroscience guides undergraduate and early-stage graduate students with no previous neuroscientific background through the fundamental principles and themes in a concise, organized, and engaging manner. Provides students with the foundation to understand primary literature, recognize current controversies in the field, and engage in discussions on cognitive neuroscience and its future Introduces important experimental methods and techniques integrated throughout the text Assists student comprehension through four-color images and thorough pedagogical resources throughout the text Accompanied by a robust website with multiple choice questions, experiment vidoes, fMRI data, web links and video narratives from a global group of leading scientists for students. For Instructors there are sample syllabi and exam questions.

Contents:

Intro

Title Page

Copyright Page

Brief Contents

Contents

Preface

Acknowledgments

Methodology Boxes

Walk Through of Pedagogical Features

Companion Website

Section I The Neurobiology of Thinking

Introduction to Section I The Neurobiology of Thinking

COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE? OR "HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE"? OR "NEUROSCIENCE-WITH-DIRECT IMPLICATIONS-FOR-UNDERSTANDING-HUMAN-BEHAVIOR"?

Chapter 1 Introduction and History

KEY THEMES

TIMELINE: NINETEENTH- AND TWENTIETH-CENTURY ORIGINS OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE

A BRIEF (AND SELECTIVE) HISTORY

Localization of function vs. mass action

The first scientifically rigorous demonstrations of localization of function

WHAT IS A BRAIN AND WHAT DOES IT DO?

LOOKING AHEAD TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE

END-OF-CHAPTER QUESTIONS

REFERENCES

OTHER SOURCES USED

FURTHER READING

Chapter 2 The Brain

PEP TALK

GROSS ANATOMY

The cerebral cortex

THE NEURON

Electrical and chemical properties of the neuron

Neuroanatomical techniques exploit the physiology of the neuron

OSCILLATORY FLUCTUATIONS IN THE MEMBRANE POTENTIAL

Neurons are never truly "at rest"

Synchronous oscillation

COMPLICATED, AND COMPLEX

Section II Sensation, Perception, Attention, and Action

Introduction to Section II Sensation, Perception, Attention, and Action

Chapter 3 Sensation and Perception of Visual Signals

THE DOMINANT SENSE IN PRIMATES

ORGANIZATION OF THE VISUAL SYSTEM

The visual field

The retinotopic organization of primary visual cortex

INFORMATION PROCESSING IN PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX - BOTTOM UP FEATURE DETECTION

The V1 neuron as feature detector

Columns, hypercolumns, and pinwheels.

INFORMATION PROCESSING IN PRIMARY VISUAL CORTEX - INTERACTIVITY

Feedforward and feedback projections of V1

Circularity? It can depend on your perspective

The relation between visual processing and the brain's physiological state

WHERE DOES SENSATION END? WHERE DOES PERCEPTION BEGIN?

Chapter 4 Audition and Somatosensation

APOLOGIA

AUDITION

Auditory sensation

Auditory perception

Adieu to audition

SOMATOSENSATION

Transduction of mechanical and thermal energy, and of pain

Somatotopy

Somatosensory plasticity

Phantom limbs and phantom pain

Proprioception

Adieu to sensation

Chapter 5 The Visual System

FAMILIAR PRINCIPLES AND PROCESSES, APPLIED TO HIGHER-LEVEL REPRESENTATIONS

TWO PARALLEL PATHWAYS

A diversity of projections from V1

A functional dissociation of visual perception of what an object is vs. where it is located

Interconnectedness within and between the two pathways

THE ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTIONS OF THE VENTRAL VISUAL PROCESSING STREAM

Hand cells, face cells, and grandmother cells

A hierarchy of stimulus representation

A critical role for feedback in the ventral visual processing stream

TAKING STOCK

Chapter 6 Spatial Cognition and Attention

UNILATERAL NEGLECT: A FERTILE SOURCE OF MODELS OF SPATIAL COGNITION AND ATTENTION

Unilateral neglect: a clinicoanatomical primer

Hypotheses arising from clinical observations of neglect

THE FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE DORSAL STREAM

Mapping what vs. where in humans with positron emission tomography.

Detecting spatial maps with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Coordinate transformations to guide action with perception

FROM PARIETAL SPACE TO MEDIAL-TEMPORAL PLACE

Place cells in the hippocampus

How does place come to be represented in the hippocampus?

THE NEUROPHYSIOLOGY OF SENSORY ATTENTION

A day at the circus

Attending to locations vs. attending to objects

Mechanisms of spatial attention

Effects of attention on neuronal activity

TURNING OUR ATTENTION TO THE FUTURE

Chapter 7 Skeletomotor Control

THE ORGANIZATION OF THE MOTOR SYSTEM

The anatomy of the motor system

The corticospinal tract

The cortico-cerebellar circuit

The cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic circuits

FUNCTIONAL PRINCIPLES OF MOTOR CONTROL

The biomechanics of motor control

Motor cortex

The neurophysiology of movement

MOTOR CONTROL OUTSIDE OF MOTOR CORTEX

Parietal cortex: guiding how we move

Cerebellum: motor learning, balance, … and mental representation?

Basal ganglia

COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE MOTOR SYSTEM

IT'S ALL ABOUT ACTION

Chapter 8 Oculomotor Control and the Control of Attention

ATTENTION AND ACTION

WHYS AND HOWS OF EYE MOVEMENTS

Three categories of eye movements

THE ORGANIZATION OF THE OCULOMOTOR SYSTEM

An overview of the circuitry

The superior colliculus

The posterior system

The frontal eye field

The supplementary eye field

THE CONTROL OF EYE MOVEMENTS, AND OF ATTENTION, IN HUMANS

Human oculomotor control

Human attentional control

THE CONTROL OF ATTENTION VIA THE OCULOMOTOR SYSTEM

Covert attention

Where's the attentional controller?.

Are Oculomotor Control and Attentional Control Really the "Same Thing"?

The "method of visual inspection"

"Prioritized Maps of Space in Human Frontoparietal Cortex"

OF LABELS AND MECHANISMS

Section III Mental Representation

Introduction to Section III Mental Representation

Chapter 9 Visual Object Recognition and Knowledge

VISUAL AGNOSIA

Apperceptive agnosia

Associative agnosia

COMPUTATIONAL MODELS OF VISUAL OBJECT RECOGNITION

Two neuropsychological traditions

The cognitive neuroscience revolution in visual cognition

CATEGORY SPECIFICITY IN THE VENTRAL STREAM?

Are faces special?

Perceptual expertise

Evidence for a high degree of specificity for many categories in ventral occipitotemporal cortex

Evidence for highly distributed category representation in ventral occipitotemporal cortex

Demonstrating necessity

RECONCILING THE IRRECONCILABLE

Chapter 10 Neural Bases of Memory

PLASTICITY, LEARNING, AND MEMORY

THE CASE OF H. M.

Bilateral medial temporal lobectomy

Hippocampus vs. MTL?

ASSOCIATION THROUGH SYNAPTIC MODIFICATION

The example of Pavlovian conditioning

Hebbian plasticity

Long-term potentiation

The necessity of NMDA channels for long‐term memory formation

HOW MIGHT THE HIPPOCAMPUS WORK?

Fast-encoding hippocampus vs. slow-encoding cortex

Episodic memory for sequences

Episodic memory as an evolutionary elaboration of navigational processing

WHAT ARE THE COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS OF THE HIPPOCAMPUS?

Standard anatomical model

Challenges to the standard anatomical model

Consolidation

TO CONSOLIDATE

REFERENCES.

OTHER SOURCES USED

Chapter 11 Declarative Long-Term Memory

THE COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE OF LTM

ENCODING

Neuroimaging the hippocampus

Incidental encoding into LTM during a short-term memory task

THE HIPPOCAMPUS IN SPATIAL MEMORY EXPERTS

RETRIEVAL

Retrieval without awareness

Documenting contextual reinstatement in the brain

Familiarity vs. recollection

KNOWLEDGE

Chapter 12 Semantic Long-Term Memory

KNOWLEDGE IN THE BRAIN

DEFINITIONS AND BASIC FACTS

CATEGORY-SPECIFIC DEFICITS FOLLOWING BRAIN DAMAGE

Animacy, or function?

THE NEUROIMAGING OF KNOWLEDGE

The meaning, and processing, of words

PET scanning of object knowledge

THE PROGRESSIVE LOSS OF KNOWLEDGE

Primary Progressive Aphasia or Semantic Dementia, what's in a name?

NUANCE AND CHALLENGES

Chapter 13 Short-Term and Working Memory

"PROLONGED PERCEPTION" OR "ACTIVATED LTM?"

DEFINITIONS

ELEVATED, SUSTAINED ACTIVITY

Early focus on role of PFC in the control of STM

Single-unit-delay-period activity in PFC and thalamus

Working memory

A BRAVE NEW WORLD OF MULTIVARIATE DATA ANALYSIS

The tradition of univariate analyses

MVPA of fMRI

Retrospective MVPA of single-unit extracellular recordings

THREE-QUARTERS OF A CENTURY

Section IV High-Level Cognition

Introductionto Section IV High-level Cognition

Chapter 14 Cognitive Control

THE LATERAL FRONTAL-LOBE SYNDROME

Environmental dependency syndrome

Perseveration

Electrophysiology of the frontal-lobe syndrome

Integration?.

MODELS OF COGNITIVE CONTROL.

Notes:

Includes index.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Description based on print version record and CIP data provided by publisher.

Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed January 23, 2015).

ISBN:

1-118-46827-9

1-118-46826-0

1-118-46806-6

OCLC:

1347029578