Animal behavior : concepts, methods, and applications / Shawn E. Nordell, Washington University in St. Louis, Thomas J. Valone, Saint Louis University.

Format:

• Book

Author/Creator:

• Nordell, Shawn E., author.
• Valone, Thomas J., author.

Contributor:

• Clarence J. Marshall Memorial Library Fund.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

• Animal behavior.
• Behavior, Animal.

Medical Subjects:

• Behavior, Animal.

Genre:

• Textbooks.

Physical Description:

xxxiv, 523 pages : color illustrations, color maps ; 28 cm

Edition:

Third edition

Place of Publication:

New York : Oxford University Press, [2021]

Summary:

"A conceptual approach that puts the process of science and applications front and center. Emphasizes concepts. Animal Behavior: Concepts, Methods, and Applications, Third Edition, uses broad organizing concepts to provide a framework for understanding the science of animal behavior. In an engaging, question-driven style, Shawn E. Nordell and Thomas J. Valone offer readers a clear learning progression for understanding and evaluating empirical research examples. Focuses on methodology and the process of science. Featured studies illustrate each concept and emphasize the experimental designs and the hypothesis testing methods scientists use to address research questions. Highlights real-world applications. Concepts are related to real life to help students understand the broader significance of animal behavior research, including applications to human behavior and conservation. New to this edition : Carefully crafted Learning Objectives help students guide their learning and measure intended learning outcomes of the material ; the Chapter Reviews provide a brief summary of major points of each concept ; a new Chapter 16 : Cooperative Behavior includes expanded coverage of inclusive fitness theory and kin discrimination, additional coverage of game theory, including the prisoner's dilemma and snowdrift games, and expanded coverage of the evolution of cooperative reproduction ; new Toolbox on Interpreting Graphical Data will help students develop the quantitative skills of reading the data, qualitative skills of reading between the data, and analytical skills of reading beyond the data ; incorporates recent research developments, including genomics ; additional coverage of proximate explanations with expanded discussion of Tinbergen's 4 Questions ; includes Critical Thinking and Discussion Questions to foster in-class discussions."--adapted from back cover.

Contents:

• Machine generated contents note: ch. 1 The Science of Animal Behavior
• 1.1. Animals and their behavior are an integral part of human society
• Recognizing and defining behavior
• Measuring behavior in elephant ethograms
• 1.2. The scientific method is a formalized way of knowing about the natural world
• The importance of hypotheses
• The scientific method
• Negative results and directional hypotheses
• Correlation and causality
• Hypotheses and theories
• Social sciences and the natural sciences
• 1.3. Scientists study both the proximate mechanisms that generate behavior and the ultimate reasons why the behavior evolved
• Tinbergen's four questions
• Implications of Tinbergen's work
• 1.4. Researchers have examined animal behavior from a variety of perspectives over time
• Darwin and adaptation
• Early comparative psychology
• Comparative psychology in North America
• Behaviorism
• Classical ethology
• Interdisciplinary approaches
• 1.5. Anthropomorphic explanations of behavior assign human emotions to animals and can be difficult to test
• Chapter Summary and Beyond
• Chapter Review
• Critical Thinking and Discussion
• ch. 2 Methods for Studying Animal Behavior
• 2.1. Animal behavior scientists generate and test hypotheses to answer research questions about behavior
• Hypothesis testing in wolf spiders
• Generating hypotheses
• Hypotheses and predictions from mathematical models
• 2.2. Researchers use observational, experimental, and comparative methods to study behavior
• The observational method
• The observational method and male mating tactics in bighorn sheep
• The experimental method
• The experimental method and jumping tadpoles
• The comparative method
• The comparative method and the evolution of burrowing behavior in mice
• 2.3. Animal behavior research requires ethical animal use
• How research can affect animals
• Sources of ethical standards
• The three Rs
• 2.4. Scientific knowledge is generated and communicated to the scientific community via peer-reviewed research
• ch. 3 Evolution and the Study of Animal Behavior
• 3.1. Evolution by natural selection favors behavioral adaptations that enhance fitness
• Measures of heritability
• Maternal defense behavior in mice
• Variation within a population
• Frequency-dependent selection
• Fitness and adaptation
• 3.2. Modes of natural selection describe population changes
• Directional selection in juvenile ornate tree lizards
• Disruptive selection in spadefoot toad tadpoles
• Stabilizing selection in juvenile convict cichlids
• Studying adaptation: the cost-benefit approach
• 3.3. Individual and group selection have been used to explain cooperation
• 3.4. Sexual selection is a form of natural selection that focuses on the reproductive fitness of individuals
• Sexual selection in widowbirds
• ch. 4 Behavioral Genetics
• 4.1. Behaviors vary in their heritability
• 4.2. Behavioral variation is associated with genetic variation
• Behavioral differences between wild-type and mutant-type fruit flies
• Major and minor genes
• Fire ant genotype and social organization
• Experimental manipulation of gene function: knockout studies
• Anxiety-related behavior and knockout of a hormone receptor in mice
• QTL mapping to identify genes associated with behavior
• QTL mapping for aphid feeding behavior
• 4.3. The environment influences behavior via gene expression
• Environmental effects on zebrafish aggression
• Social environment and gene expression in fruit flies
• Social environment and birdsong development
• Social environment and gene expression in birds
• Gene-environment interactions
• Rover and sitter foraging behavior in fruit flies
• 4.4. Genomic approaches correlate gene expression with behavioral phenotypes
• Scouting behavior in bees
• Genomics and alternative mating tactics in fish
• 4.5. Genes can limit behavioral flexibility
• Bold and shy personalities in streamside salamanders
• Animal personalities model with fitness trade-offs
• Environmental effects on jumping spider personalities
• ch. 5 Sensory Systems and Behavior
• 5.1. Animals acquire environmental information from their sensory systems
• 5.2. Chemosensory systems detect chemicals that are perceived as tastes and odors
• Sweet and umami taste perception in rodents
• Cuttlefish physiological response to odors
• 5.3. Photoreception allows animals to detect light and perceive objects as images
• Color vision in monarch butterflies
• Ultraviolet plumage reflectance in birds
• Infrared detection in snakes
• 5.4. Mechanoreceptors detect vibrations that travel through air, water, or substrates
• Ultrasonic song detection in moths
• Long-distance communication in elephants
• Catfish track the wake of their prey
• Substrate-borne vibrations
• Antlions detect substrate-borne vibrations
• 5.5. Some animals can detect electric or magnetic fields
• Electroreception
• Sharks detect electric fields
• Magnetoreception
• 5.6. Predator and prey sensory systems coevolve
• Insect tympanal organs: an evolved antipredator adaptation
• Predator-prey sensory system coevolution in bats and moths
• ch. 6 Communication
• 6.1. Communication occurs when a specialized signal from one individual influences the behavior of another
• Honeybees and the waggle dance
• Odor or the waggle dance in bees
• Auditory signals: alarm calls
• Titmouse alarm calls
• Information or influence?
• 6.2. The environment influences the evolution of signals
• Temperature affects ant chemical signals
• Habitat light environment affects fish visual signals
• Habitat structure affects bowerbird auditory signals
• 6.3. Signals often accurately indicate signaler phenotype and environmental conditions
• Signals as accurate indicators: theory
• Aposematic coloration in frogs
• Courtship signaling in spiders
• Aggressive display and male condition in fighting fish
• 6.4. Signals can be inaccurate indicators when the fitness interests of signaler and receiver differ
• Batesian mimicry and yellow-eyed salamanders
• Aggressive mimicry in fangblenny fish
• Intraspecific deception: false alarm calls
• Topi antelope false alarm calls
• Capuchin monkeys and inaccurate signals
• 6.5. Communication can involve extended phenotype signals
• Bowerbirds construct and decorate bowers
• Sticklebacks decorate their nests
• 6.6. Communication networks affect signaler and receiver behavior
• Squirrel eavesdropping
• Audience effects in fighting fish
• ch.
• 7 Learning, Neuroethology, and Cognition
• 7.1. Learning allows animals to adapt to their environment
• Improved foraging efficiency in salamanders
• Evolution of learning
• Fiddler crab habituation
• 7.2. Learning is associated with neurological changes
• Neurotransmitters and learning in chicks
• Dendritic spines and learning in mice
• Avian memory of stored food
• 7.3. Animals learn associations between stimuli and responses
• Classical conditioning
• Pavlovian conditioning for mating opportunities in Japanese quail
• Fish learn novel predators
• Operant conditioning
• Learning curves in macaques
• Trial-and-error learning in bees
• 7.4. Social interactions facilitate learning
• Learned antipredator behaviors in prairie dogs
• Learning about food patches
• Social information use in sticklebacks
• Teaching
• Ptarmigan hens teach chicks their diet
• Tandem running in ants
• 7.5. Social learning can lead to the development of animal traditions and culture
• Foraging behavioral traditions in great tits
• 7.6. Animals vary in their cognitive abilities
• Tool use in capuchin monkeys
• Problem solving and insight learning
• Insight learning in keas
• Numerical competency in New Zealand robins
• Cognitive buffer hypothesis in birds
• Brain size and cognition in guppies
• Cognitive performance and fitness in bowerbirds
• ch. 8 Foraging Behavior
• 8.1. Animals find food using a variety of sensory modalities
• Bees use multiple senses to enhance foraging efficiency
• Gray mouse lemurs use multiple senses to find food
• 8.2. Visual predators find cryptic prey more effectively by learning a search image
• Trout and search images
• 8.3. The optimal diet model predicts the food types an animal should include in its diet
• The diet model
• A graphical solution
• Diet choice in northwestern crows
• Ant foraging and the effect of nutrients
• 8.4. The optimal patch-use model predicts how long a forager should exploit a food patch
• The optimal patch-use model
• Patch use by ruddy ducks
• Optimal patch model with multiple costs
• Fruit bat foraging on heterogeneous patches
• Kangaroo rat foraging with variable predation costs
• Incomplete information and food patch estimation
• Bayesian foraging bumblebees
• 8.5. Some animals obtain food from the discoveries of others
• Spice finch producer-scrounger game
• Contents note continued: ch. 9 Antipredator Behavior
• 9.1. Animals reduce predation risk by avoiding detection or taking evasive action
• Predator avoidance by cryptic coloration in crabs
• Predators and reduced activity in lizards
• Prey take evasive or aggressive action when detected
• Startle display in butterflies
• 9.2. Many behaviors represent adaptive trade-offs involving predation risk
• Increased vigilance decreases feeding time
• Vigilance and predation risk in elk
• Rich but risky
• Environmental conditions and predation risk in foraging redshanks
• Mating and refuge use in fiddler crabs
• Perceived predation risk affects reproductive behavior in sparrows
• 9.3. Living in groups can reduce predation risk
• The dilution effect and killifish
• The selfish herd and vigilance behavior
• Group size effect and the selfish herd hypothesis in doves
• 9.4. Some animals interact with predators to deter attack
• Predator harassment in ground squirrels
• Pursuit deterrence and alarm signal hypotheses
• Tail-flagging behavior in deer
• ch. 10 Dispersal and Migration
• 10.1. Dispersal reduces resource competition and inbreeding
• Density-dependent dispersal in earthworms
• Food-related dispersal in water boatmen
• Inbreeding avoidance in great tits
• 10.2. Reproductive success and public information affect breeding dispersal behavior
• Reproductive success and breeding dispersal in dragonflies
• Public information and breeding dispersal in kittiwakes
• 10.3. Individuals migrate in response to changes in the environment
• Migration and changing resources
• Resource variation and migration in neotropical birds
• Heritability of migration behavior in Eurasian blackcaps
• A model of the evolution of migration
• Competition and migratory behavior of newts
• Maintenance of polymorphism in migratory behavior
• Alternative migratory behaviors in dippers
• 10.4. Environmental cues and compass systems are used for orientation when migrating
• Compass systems
• Antennae and the sun compass system in monarchs
• The magnetic compass in sea turtles
• Multimodal orientation
• 10.5. Bicoordinate navigation allows individuals to identify their location relative to a goal
• Bicoordinate navigation in sea turtles
• Bicoordinate navigation in birds
• Homing migration in salmon
• ch. 11 Habitat Selection, Territoriality, and Aggression
• 11.1. Resource availability and the presence of others can influence habitat selection
• The ideal free distribution model
• The ideal free distribution model and guppies
• The ideal free distribution model and pike
• Cuckoos assess habitat quality
• Conspecific attraction
• Conspecific attraction and Allee effects in grasshoppers
• Conspecific cueing in American redstarts
• 11.2. Individual condition and environmental factors affect territoriality
• Body condition and territoriality in damselflies
• Environmental factors and territory size in parrotfish
• 11.3. Hormones influence aggression
• Winner-challenge effect in the California mouse
• Challenge hypothesis and bystanders in fish
• Juvenile hormone and wasp aggression
• 11.4. Game theory models explain how the decisions of opponents and resource value affect fighting behavior
• The hawk-dove model
• Wrestling behavior in red-spotted newts
• 11.4. Game theory assessment models
• Fiddler crab contests over burrows
• ch. 12 Mating Behavior
• 12.1. Sexual selection favors characteristics that enhance reproductive success
• Why two sexes?
• Bateman's hypothesis and parental investment
• Weapon size and mating success in dung beetles
• Ornaments and mate choice in peafowl
• Male mate choice in pipefish
• The sensory bias hypothesis in guppies
• 12.2. Females select males to obtain direct material benefits
• Female choice and nuptial gifts in butterflies
• Female choice and territory quality in lizards
• 12.3. Female mate choice can evolve via indirect benefits to offspring
• Fisherian runaway and good genes
• Mate choice for good genes in tree frogs
• Good genes and the Hamilton-Zuk hypothesis
• Mate choice fitness benefits in spiders
• 12.4. Sexual selection can also occur after mating
• Mate guarding in warblers
• Sperm competition in tree swallows
• Cryptic female choice
• Inbreeding avoidance via cryptic female choice in spiders
• 12.5. Mate choice by females favors alternative reproductive tactics in males
• The evolution of alternative reproductive tactics
• Conditional satellite males in tree frogs
• ESS and sunfish sneaker males
• 12.6. Mate choice is affected by the mating decisions of others
• Mate copying in guppies
• Mate copying in fruit flies
• The benefit of mate copying
• Nonindependent mate choice by male mosquitofish
• ch. 13 Mating Systems
• 13.1. Sexual conflict and environmental conditions affect the evolution of mating systems
• The evolution of mating systems
• Mating systems in reed warblers
• 13.2. Biparental care favors the evolution of monogamy
• California mouse monogamy
• Monogamy and biparental care in poison frogs
• Monogamy without biparental care in snapping shrimp
• 13.3. Polygyny and polyandry evolve when one sex can defend multiple mates or the resources they seek
• Female defense polygyny in horses
• Resource defense polygyny in blackbirds
• Resource defense polygyny in carrion beetles
• Male dominance polygyny: the evolution of leks
• -hotspots or hotshots?
• Lekking behavior in the great snipe
• Peafowl leks
• Polyandry and sex-role reversal
• 13.4. The presence of social associations distinguishes polygynandry from promiscuity
• Polygynandry in European badgers
• Promiscuity and scramble competition in seaweed flies and red squirrels
• 13.5. Social and genetic mating systems differ when extra-pair mating occurs
• Extra-pair mating in juncos
• Marmot extra-pair mating
• ch. 14 Parental Care
• 14.1. Parental care varies among species and reflects life history trade-offs
• Life history variation in fish
• 14.2. Sexual conflict is the basis for sex-biased parental care
• Female-biased parental care
• Paternity uncertainty and parental care in boobies
• The evolution of male-only care
• Paternity uncertainty and male-only care in sunfish
• Paternity assurance and male care in water bugs
• 14.3. Parental care involves fitness trade-offs between current and future reproduction
• Parent-offspring conflict theory
• Predation risk and parental care in songbirds
• Egg guarding and opportunity costs of parental care in frogs
• Current versus future reproduction in treehoppers
• Incubation of eider eggs as a trade-off
• Brood reduction and parent-offspring conflict
• Hatch asynchrony and brood reduction in blackbirds
• Brood reduction in fur seals
• 14.4. Brood parasitism reduces the cost of parental care and can result in a Coevolutionary arms race
• Conspecific brood parasitism in ducks
• Interspecific brood parasitism and coevolution
• Acceptance or rejection of brown-headed cowbird eggs by hosts
• 14.5. Hormones regulate parental care
• Prolactin and maternal care in rats
• Prolactin and incubation in penguins
• Juvenile hormones and parental care in earwigs
• 15 Sociality
• 15.1. Sociality can evolve when the fitness advantages of close associations exceed the costs
• Reduced search times for food
• Foraging benefit: Information about distant food locations
• Antipredator benefit of sociality in birds
• Movement benefits: Efficient aerodynamics and hydrodynamics
• Hydrodynamics in schools of juvenile gray mullet
• Social heterosis in ants
• The costs of sociality
• Group size and food competition in red colobus and red-tailed guenons
• Sociality and disease transmission in guppies
• 15.2. Dominance hierarchies reduce the social costs of aggression
• Dominance hierarchies and crayfish
• Stable dominance hierarchies in baboons
• 15.3. Ecology and phylogeny influence the evolution of sociality
• Evolution of rodent sociality and habitat use
• Body size, diet, and habitat influence sociality in antelope
• 15.4. Hormones regulate social behavior
• Social approach behavior and neuropeptides in goldfish
• Mesotocin and pro-social behavior in finches
• Social behavior in seals
• ch. 16 Cooperative Behavior
• 16.1. Inclusive fitness theory explains the evolution of cooperation among related individuals
• Hamilton's rule
• Belding's ground squirrel alarm calls
• Altruism in turkeys
• 16.2. Individuals can discriminate kin from non-kin
• Kin discrimination
• Direct familiarization and kin discrimination in sticklebacks
• Indirect familiarization and kin discrimination in cockroaches
• 16.3. Cooperative behavior among unrelated individuals involves byproduct mutualisms or reciprocity
• Direct reciprocity
• The prisoner's dilemma
• Tit-for-tat strategy
• Food sharing in vampire bats
• Contents note continued: Allogrooming in Japanese macaques
• Tit-for-tat in red-winged blackbirds
• The snowdrift game
• Migrating bald ibis and the snowdrift game
• Indirect reciprocity
• Reputations and cleaner fish
• Reputation formation in great apes
• 16.4. Kinship and ecological constraints favor cooperative reproduction
• The evolution of cooperative breeding in vertebrates
• Cooperative breeding in meerkats
• Cooperative reproduction in long-tailed tits
• Helping behavior in Seychelles warblers
• Social queuing in clownfish
• Invertebrate castes
• The evolution of sterile castes
• Haplodiploidy hypothesis
• Kin selection and ecological constraint hypothesis
• Eusociality in sweat bees
• Critical Thinking and Discussion.

Notes:

• Revised edition of: Animal behavior : Concepts, methods, and applications / Shawn E. Nordell, Thomas J. Valone. Second edition. [2017].
• Includes bibliographical references (pages 454-493) and index.

Local Notes:

Acquired for the Penn Libraries with assistance from the Clarence J. Marshall Memorial Library Fund.

Other Format:

Online version: Nordelll, Shawn E., Animal behavior

ISBN:

• 0190924233
• 9780190924232

OCLC:

1153339295

Publisher Number:

99993286326

Online:

The Clarence J. Marshall Memorial Library Fund Home Page