Handbook of brain tumor chemotherapy, molecular therapeutics, and immunotherapy / edited by Herbert B. Newton, MD, FAAN.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Newton, Herbert B., editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Brain--Tumors--Chemotherapy--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Brain.

Molecular genetics--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Molecular genetics.

Molecular biology--Handbooks, manuals, etc.

Molecular biology.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (1 volume (unpaged))

Edition:

Second edition.

Place of Publication:

London, United Kingdom : Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, 2018.

Summary:

Handbook of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy, Molecular Therapeutics, and Immunotherapy, Second Edition, provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular methodologies in the neuro-oncology field. There have been profound changes in the landscape of approaches to brain tumor therapy since the first edition--mainly in the areas of molecular biology and molecular therapeutics, as well as in the maturation of immunotherapy approaches (e.g., vaccines). This updated edition has a new, primary focus on multidisciplinary molecular methods, and is broadened to include the latest cutting-edge molecular biology, therapeutics, immunobiology and immunotherapy approaches.As the first comprehensive book to address the molecular research into these concepts, users will find it to be an invaluable resource on the topics discussed.- Provides the most up-to-date information regarding conventional forms of cytotoxic chemotherapy, as well as the basic science and clinical application of molecular therapeutics for the treatment of brain tumors- Broadly appeals to anyone interested in neuro-oncology and the treatment of brain tumors- Features updated chapters on molecular biology, molecular therapeutics, maturation of immunotherapy approaches, and a focus on multidisciplinary molecular methods- Includes a new section on the basic science of immunology, as well as thorough updates on the use of vaccine technology and immunotherapy for the treatment of brain tumors

Contents:

Front Cover

Handbook of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy, Molecular Therapeutics, and Immunotherapy

Copyright

Contents

Contributors

Section I: Pharmacological and Clinical Applications

Chapter 1: Overview of Brain Tumor Epidemiology and Histopathology

Epidemiology of Brain Tumors

Pathology of Central Nervous System Tumors-Introduction

Pathology of Tumors of Neuroepithelial Origin

Pathology of Tumors of the Meninges

Pathology of Primary CNS Lymphoma

Pathology of Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors

References

Chapter 2: Clinical Pharmacology of Brain Tumor Chemotherapy

Introduction

Pharmacology and Drug Distribution

Supportive Therapeutics

Corticosteroids

Gastric Acid Inhibitors

Anticonvulsants

Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents

Continuous Infusion

Intra-Arterial

Interstitial

Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption

Chemotherapeutic Agents

Alkylating Agents

Nitrogen Mustards

Nitrosoureas

Procarbazine

Platinum Compounds

Temozolomide

Natural Products

Vinca Alkaloids

Pyrimidine Analogs

Purine Analogs

Folic Acid Analogs

Topoisomerase Inhibitors

Camptothecin Derivatives

Conclusions

Chapter 3: Antiepileptic Drugs and Chemotherapy: Potential Interactions and Impact on Treatment of Patients With Cancer

Mechanism of Interaction Between AEDs and CTAs

Phase I Interactions

Phase II Interactions

Other Potential Mechanisms of AED/CTA Interactions

The Impact of AED-CTA Interactions

EIAED Effects on Targeted Therapies

AED Selection in Cancer Patients

Expected Enzyme Induction Profile of New AEDs

Changing From One AED to Another

Disclosure

Chapter 4: Brain Tumor Models for Cancer Therapy

Rat Brain Tumor Models

Blood-Brain Barrier in Rat Brain Tumor Models.

Local Delivery in Rat Brain Tumor Models

Immunological Approaches in Rat Brain Tumor Models

Chemotherapy and Boron Neutron Capture in Rat Brain Tumor Models

Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models

Blood-Brain Barrier in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models

Local Delivery in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models

Chemotherapy in Human Brain Tumor Xenograft Models

Angiogenesis in Brain Tumor Models

Chapter 5: Genomics and Proteomics in Neuro-Oncology

RNA Expression Analysis

DNA Methylation Analysis

Disease Proteomics

Preanalytic and Bioinformatic Considerations

Tumor Expression Profiling: Medulloblastoma

Molecular Basis and Genomic Subclassification of Medulloblastomas

Tumor Expression Profiling: Glioma

Drug Discovery and Targeting

Summary

Further Reading

Chapter 6: Chemotherapy Resistance

Common Chemotherapeutic Agents in Gliomas

DNA Repair and Chemotherapy Resistance

Methylguanine Methyltransferase

Histone Modification

MicroRNAs and Long Noncoding RNAs

DNA Mismatch Repair

Nucleotide and Base Excision Repair

Detoxification and Other Mechanisms of Resistance

Glutathione-S-Transferase

ATP-Binding Cassette or Multidrug Resistance Genes

Chapter 7: Clinical Trial Design and Implementation in Neuro-Oncology

Phase I trials

Cytotoxic Agents

Novel Agents

Phase II Trials

Limitations

Phase III Trials

Novel Designs

Special Challenges of Brain Tumor Trials

Drug Selection

Neuropathology

Endpoints

Chapter 8: Biology of the Blood-Brain and Blood-Brain Tumor Barriers

Cellular Anatomy of the Normal BBB

Molecular Biology of BBB Tight Junctions.

Other Barriers, CSF, Brain Interstitial Fluid (ISF), Microdialysis

Functions of the BBB

Influx and Efflux Transport Systems

Movement of Drugs Across the BBB, and Determinants of CNS Drug Concentration

Recent Advances: BBB on a Chip

Nanoparticle Carrier Systems

Immunology and the BBB

The ``Blood-Brain Tumor´´ Barrier

Effects of Tumors and Tumor Treatments on the BBB

Therapeutic Disruption or Circumvention of the BBB

Section II: Innovative Chemotherapy Delivery

Chapter 9: Intraarterial Chemotherapy

Pharmacological Rationale

Single-Agent IA Chemotherapy of Newly Diagnosed Gliomas

Combination IA Chemotherapy of Newly Diagnosed Gliomas

Single-Agent IA Chemotherapy of Recurrent Gliomas

Combination IA Chemotherapy of Recurrent Gliomas

IA Chemotherapy for Primary CNS Lymphoma

IA Chemotherapy for Brain Metastases

Toxicity of IA Chemotherapy

Chapter 10: Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Chemotherapy

Preclinical BBB Delivery Studies

Clinical BBBD Technique

Clinical BBBD Results

Future BBBD Directions

Chapter 11: Interstitial Chemotherapy and Polymer Drug Delivery

Current Approaches and Outcomes in Treating Malignant Gliomas

Barriers to Antineoplastics in the CNS

Delivery Systems and Strategies for Brain Tumor-Targeted Delivery

Development of Polymer-Based Local Delivery Systems

Biodegradable Polymeric Wafers for the Delivery of BCNU

Other Polymer-Based Delivery Methods

Future Directions and Personalized Medicine

Conclusion

Disclosure Statement

Chapter 12: Intratumoral Chemotherapy and Convection-Enhanced Delivery

General Principles

Biophysical Principles

Convective Delivery.

Distribution of Infusate

Therapeutic Agents and Infusates Delivered

Safety of CED

Clinical Development

Current Applications and Early Clinical Trials

Conjugated Designer-Toxins and Fusion Proteins

Chemotherapeutics

Radiotoxic Agents

Gene Therapy and Viral-Based Agents

Review of Other Indications and Potentials

Challenges

Recent Advances and Future Directions

Catheter Design

Catheter Placement

Infusate Delivery

Chapter 13: Marrow-Ablative Chemotherapy With Autologous Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Rescue in Brain Tumors

HS Trials

Results of High-Dose Chemotherapy With Autologous Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Rescue (HDC/AuHCR)

Medulloblastoma and Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNETs)

Recurrent MB/PNET

Newly Diagnosed MB/PNET

Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumors (ATRT) of the Brain

Malignant Gliomas

Recurrent Malignant Glioma

Newly Diagnosed Malignant Glioma

Ependymoma

Recurrent Ependymoma

Newly Diagnosed Ependymoma

Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors (CNS-GCTs)

Recurrent CNS-GCTs

Newly Diagnosed CNS-GCTs

Toxicities Related to HDC/AuHCR

Acute (Short-Term) Toxicities

Long-Term Toxicities

Results of High-Dose Chemotherapy and Allotransplantation

Chapter 14: CSF Dissemination of Primary Brain Tumors

General Overview

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

CSF Examination

Neuroradiographic Studies

Primary Brain Tumors

Glioma

Meningioma

Primary CNS Lymphoma

Ependymomas

Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor

Germ Cell Tumor

Treatment of NM

Surgery

Radiotherapy

Chemotherapy

Supportive Care

Chapter 15: Gene/Viral Treatment Approaches for Malignant Brain Cancer

Introduction.

Delivery Methods for Gene Therapy

Virus-Mediated Gene Delivery Vehicles

Herpes Simplex Virus-1

Adenovirus

Poliovirus

Reovirus

Measles Virus

Other Viruses

Nonviral Gene Delivery Vehicle (Nanoparticles)

Stem Cells as a Gene Delivery Vehicle

Neural Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Advantages/Disadvantages of Delivery Vehicles

The Types of Gene Therapy

Prodrug Activation/Suicide Gene Therapy

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Thymidine Kinase (HSV/tk)/Ganciclovir

Cytosine Deaminase/5-Fluorocytosine

Cytochrome P450

Guanine Phosphoribosyltransferase

Nitroreductase

Carboxylesterase

E. coli Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase (E. coli PNP)/Purine Analogs

Advantages/Disadvantages of Prodrug Activation/Suicide Gene Therapy

Immunomodulatory and Cytokine-Based Gene Therapy

Immune Checkpoints

Cytokine Therapy

Adaptive Cell Transfer of T Cells

Vaccines

Advantages/Disadvantages of Immunomodulatory and Cytokine-Based Gene Therapy

Brain Tumor Hallmark Targeting Therapy

Tumor-Suppressor Gene Therapy

Antisense Therapy

Antiangiogenic Gene Therapy

Gene Therapies Involving Tumor Microenvironment

Advantages/Disadvantages of Brain Tumor Hallmark Targeting Therapy

Oncolytic Virotherapy

Advantages/Disadvantages of Oncolytic Virotherapy

Combinatory Therapies

Clinical Trials Exploring Gene Therapy for Malignant Brain Tumors

Discussion

Chapter 16: Nanoparticles as Therapeutic Agents for Patients With Brain Tumors

Nanoparticles: Introduction to Basic Science and Bioengineering Principles

Nanoparticle Types and Composition: Key Biological Considerations

Selected Nanoparticles Designed for Clinical Use: Strategies for Killing Tumor Cells

Preclinical Experimental Studies of Nanoparticles: Glioblastoma and Medulloblastoma.

Principles of Nanoparticle Delivery and Biodistribution In Vivo, Including the CNS.

Notes:

Includes index.

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

9780128121016

0128121017

9780128121009

0128121009