Brain targeted drug delivery systems : a focus on nanotechnology and nanoparticulates / edited by Huile Gao, Xiaoling Gao.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Gao, Huile, editor.

Gao, Xiaoling, editor.

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Drug delivery systems.

Nanomedicine.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (502 pages)

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

London, United Kingdom : Academic Press, an imprint of Elsevier, [2019]

Summary:

Brain Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: A Focus on Nanotechnology and Nanoparticulates provides a guide on nanoparticulates to both academic and industry researchers. The book discusses key points in the development of brain targeted drug delivery, summarizes available strategies, and considers the main problems and pitfalls evidenced in current studies on brain targeted drug delivery systems. As the brain is the most important organ in the human body, and disorders of the central nervous system (CNS) are the most serious threat to human life, this book highlights advances and new research in drug delivery methods to the brain.- Provides an overview of brain targeting drug delivery that is useful to both academic and industry-based researchers- Discusses key points in developing brain targeting drug delivery systems- Summarizes and presents currently available strategies for brain targeting drug delivery- Covers not only current studies and their strengths, but also gives insight into the pitfalls of current research

Contents:

Front Cover

Brain Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: A Focus on Nanotechnology and Nanoparticulates

Copyright

Dedication

Contents

Contributors

Preface

Chapter 1: Introduction and overview

1. Is it possible to deliver drugs to brain?

2. What's the major concerns of brain-targeted DDS?

3. Conclusion

Part I: Physiology and principles for brain targeting drug delivery

Chapter 2: Anatomy and physiology of blood-brain barrier

1. Introduction

2. Concept of blood-brain barrier

3. Neurovascular unit

3.1. Occludin

3.2. Claudin

3.3. Adhesion junctions

3.4. Junctional adhesion molecules

3.5. Accessory proteins

3.6. Pericytes

3.7. Neurons

3.8. Extracellular matrix

4. Role of astrocytes

5. Transportation across blood-brain barrier

6. Types of transport systems at blood-brain barrier

6.1. Amino acid transport

6.2. Hexose transport system

6.3. Monocarboxylate transporter system

6.4. Organic anion transporter family

6.5. Organic cation transporter (OCT and OCTN) family

6.6. Transport of nucleosides

6.7. Transport of peptides

6.8. Transport of macromolecules

6.9. Transport of ions

6.10. Transcytosis of macromolecules

7. Conclusions

References

Chapter 3: Recent progress in blood-brain barrier transportation research

2. Overview of the transport mechanisms at the BBB

2.1. Carrier-mediated transcytosis

2.1.1. Glucose transporters

2.1.2. Large neutral amino acid transporter 1

2.1.3. Monocarboxylate transporter 1

2.2. Receptor-mediated transport

2.2.1. Transferrin receptor

2.2.2. Insulin receptor

2.2.3. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein

2.3. Adsorptive-mediated transcytosis

3. Strategies for improving CNS delivery of therapeutics

3.1. Enhanced paracellular transport.

3.2. Improving physicochemical properties of CNS-active drugs

3.3. Drug modification with targeting moieties

3.4. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery

3.5. Cell-based drug delivery

4. Future perspectives

Chapter 4: In vitro and in vivo models of BBB to evaluate brain targeting drug delivery

2. The neurovascular unit

2.1. Endothelial cells

2.2. Pericytes

2.3. Astrocytes

2.4. Molecular structure of the junction

2.4.1. Tight junctions

2.4.2. Adherens junction

3. Movement through the blood-brain barrier

3.1. Passive diffusion

3.2. Carrier-mediated transport

3.3. Active efflux pumps

3.4. Transcytosis

3.5. Cell-mediated transport

4. In vitro models of BBB for assessing drug delivery

4.1. Methods for measuring permeability

4.1.1. TEER (trans-endothelial electric resistance) measurement

4.1.2. FITC-dextran and sodium fluorescein

4.1.3. Lucifer yellow

4.1.4. Evans blue dye

4.1.5. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP)

4.1.6. Mannitol/sucrose/inulin (radiolabeled)

4.2. In vitro models

4.2.1. Noncell-based (synthetic) in vitro models

4.2.1.1. Immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) chromatography

4.2.1.2. Parallel artificial membrane permeability assay

4.2.2. Cell-based in vitro models

4.2.2.1. Primary mono-cell cultures

4.2.2.2. Cocultures

4.2.2.3. Triple cultures

4.2.2.4. Microfluidic design BBB model

5. In vivo models of BBB

5.1. Rodent model

5.2. Zebrafish model

5.3. Nonhuman primate models

5.4. Drosophila model

5.5. Canine model

5.6. Techniques for studying extent of drug delivery to CNS

5.6.1. Invasive techniques

5.6.1.1. In situ brain perfusion

5.6.1.2. Intravenous injection technique

5.6.1.3. Microdialysis

5.6.1.4. Brain uptake index (BUI)

5.6.1.5. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling.

5.6.1.6. Blood/plasma (B/P) ratio determination

5.6.1.7. Quantitative autoradiography

5.6.2. Noninvasive imaging techniques

6. Conclusion and perspective

Further reading

Part II: Nanoparticles-based brain targeting delivery strategies

Chapter 5: Receptor-mediated transportation through BBB

2. Insulin receptor

3. Transferrin receptor

4. Low-density lipoprotein receptor and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related proteins

5. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

6. Lactoferrin receptor

7. Scavenger receptor class B type 1

8. Leptin receptor

9. Diphtheria toxin receptor

10. Single domain llama antibody receptor

11. Concluding remarks

Chapter 6: Carrier-mediated transportation through BBB

2. CMT systems at the BBB

3. Nano drug delivery systems

4. CMT of nano drug delivery systems across the BBB

4.1. Hexose transport system

4.1.1. GLUT1-targeted nanoparticles for brain-targeted drug delivery

4.1.2. GLUT1-targeted liposomes for brain-targeted drug delivery

4.2. Amino acid transporters

4.2.1. Neutral amino acid transporters

4.2.2. Cationic amino acid transporters

4.2.3. Efflux amino acid transporters

4.3. Peptide transporters

4.4. Monocarboxylic acid transport systems

4.5. Amine transport systems

4.6. Carnitine transporter

5. Conclusion and perspective

Chapter 7: Brain drug delivery by adsorption-mediated transcytosis

2. Mechanism of AMT

3. Adsorptive-mediated brain drug delivery systems

3.1. Cationic albumin-mediated brain drug delivery system

3.1.1. Brain delivery of cationic albumin

3.1.2. Brain delivery of cationic albumin-drug conjugates

3.1.3. Brain delivery of CBSA-conjugated nanoparticle delivery systems.

3.2. Basic proteins-mediated brain drug delivery systems

3.2.1. Brain delivery of basic proteins

3.2.2. Brain delivery of basic protein-drug conjugates

3.2.3. Brain delivery of basic protein-conjugated nanoparticle drug delivery system

3.3. CPPs-mediated brain drug delivery system

3.3.1. Brain delivery of CPPs

3.3.2. Brain delivery of CPPs-drug conjugates

3.3.3. Brain delivery of CPPs-conjugated nanoparticle drug delivery system

4. Conclusion and perspectives

Acknowledgments

Chapter 8: Efflux pump inhibition to enhance brain targeting delivery

2. Efflux pump

3. Modulating the efflux pump by nanoparticles to improve brain delivery

3.1. Liposomes

3.2. Solid lipid nanoparticles

3.3. Polymeric nanoparticles

3.4. Polymeric micelles

Chapter 9: Physically open BBB

2. Small molecule compounds

2.1. Hyperosmolar mannitol

2.2. Borneol

2.3. Lexiscan

2.4. Alkylglycerols

3. Macromolecular compound to open BBB

3.1. Bradykinin and bradykinin analog

3.2. C-type natriuretic peptide

3.3. Lipopolysaccharide

4. Physical methods to open BBB

4.1. Focused ultrasound

4.2. Electromagnetic field exposure

4.3. Photodynamic therapy

4.4. Photochemical internalization

5. Conclusion and perspectives

Chapter 10: Nanoparticle systems for nose-to-brain delivery

2. Anatomy of nasal cavity

3. Pathways of direct nose-to-brain transport

3.1. Olfactory nerve pathways

3.2. Trigeminal nerve pathways

3.3. Pathways involving the cerebrospinal fluid

4. Nanoparticle systems for nose-to-brain delivery

4.1. Chitosan-based nanoparticles

4.2. Polyester-based nanoparticles

4.3. Solid lipid nanoparticles

4.4. Liposomes and cationic liposomes.

4.5. Nanoemulsions and micelles

4.6. Nanocomplexes

5. Problems to be resolved

5.1. Industrialization of nano-sized formulations

5.2. Reproducibility of brain delivery after intranasal administration

5.3. Whether nanoparticles are transported intact to the brain and how are they cleared away?

5.4. Are the nanoparticles toxic to the brain?

6. Future prospective

Chapter 11: Brain local delivery strategy

1.1. Local drug delivery

1.1.1. Requirements

1.1.2. Applications

1.1.2.1. Stent therapy for arterial diseases

1.1.2.2. Antimicrobial delivery for periodontitis

1.1.2.3. Ocular implants

1.1.2.4. Dental implants

1.1.2.5. Orthopedic implants

1.1.2.6. Skin diseases

1.1.2.7. Brain delivery

2. Local drug delivery to brain

2.1. Intracerebral injection

2.2. Intrathecal and intraventricular administration

2.2.1. Bolus administration

2.2.2. Infusion using implantable pumps

2.3. Convection-enhanced delivery

2.3.1. Factors influencing optimization of CED

2.3.2. Applications

2.3.3. Limitations

2.3.4. Advances in CED

2.4. Implantable drug delivery systems

2.4.1. Implantable microchips

2.4.1.1. Design of the system

2.4.1.2. Applications

2.4.2. Implantable polymeric systems

2.4.2.1. Polymeric wafers

2.4.2.2. Implantable colloidal carriers

2.4.2.3. Hydrogels

3. Marketed products

3.1. Safety concerns

4. Clinical trials

5. Conclusion and future perspective

Part III: Nanoparticles-based brain targeting delivery for CNS disorder management

Chapter 12: Glioma targeted delivery systems

1. Passive targeting delivery systems

2. Active targeting delivery systems

2.1. Receptor-mediated glioma targeted drug delivery

2.1.1. With BBB overcoming.

2.1.1.1. Single ligand-modified targeting systems.

Notes:

Description based on print version record.

ISBN:

0-12-814002-X