Arteriovenous and cavernous malformations. Volume 143 / edited by Robert F. Spetzler, Karam Moon, Rami O. Almefty.

Format:

Book

Contributor:

Spetzler, Robert F., editor.

Moon, Karam, editor.

Almefty, Rami O., editor.

Series:

Handbook of clinical neurology ; Volume 143.

Handbook of Clinical Neurology ; Volume 143

Language:

English

Subjects (All):

Cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

Physical Description:

1 online resource (325 pages).

Edition:

1st ed.

Place of Publication:

Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier, 2017.

Summary:

Arteriovenous and Cavernous Malformations, Volume 143, is the latest addition in the ongoing HCN series, an evidence-based compendium which addresses both the scientific and clinical aspects of this unique disease process. The volume covers didactic aspects, such as the epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of AVMs, while also providing expert clinical information on the management and treatment of these lesions.In addition, it provides coverage of modern-day advances in the genetics of cavernous malformations, as well as discussion regarding future open research questions. Readers from the laboratory bench to the bedside can expect a broad, yet objective, review of this pathology, with updates from the latest scientific literature and data supporting current practices.- Offers an evidence-based focus with coverage of both the scientific and clinical aspects of cavernous malformations- Addresses epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis, and genetics- Contains clinical insights regarding indications for surgery, surgical techniques, outcomes, and prognostic factors drawn from the authors' extensive experiences- Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field from around the globe - the broadest, most expert coverage available

Contents:

Front Cover

Arteriovenous and Cavernous Malformations

Copyright

Handbook of Clinical Neurology 3rd Series

Foreword

Preface

Contributors

Contents

Part I: Arteriovenous Malformations

Section 1: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Chapter 1: Epidemiology, genetics, pathophysiology, and prognostic classifications of cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Introduction

Classification systems

Genetics

Pathophysiology

Conclusion

References

Chapter 2: The natural history of cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Demographics

Clinical presentation

Seizure risk

Hemorrhage risk

Prior hemorrhage

Deep venous drainage

Deep location

Associated aneurysms

Pregnancy

Age and sex

Discussion

Chapter 3: Arteriovenous malformations: epidemiology, clinical presentation, and diagnostic evaluation

Epidemiology

Clinical presentation and natural history

Diagnostic evaluation

Conclusions

Chapter 4: Seizures associated with cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Definitions

Pathophysiology of epileptogenesis

Mechanisms in AVM-related epilepsy

Extended epileptogenic zone and secondary foci

Natural history and epidemiology

Drug-resistant epilepsy

Drug treatment

Presurgical diagnostics

Surgical strategies

Epilepsy surgery concepts applicable in AVM removals

Postoperative seizures and outcome assessment

Early postoperative seizure versus de novo epilepsy

Seizure outcomes

Seizure outcomes after microsurgery

Seizure outcomes after embolization

Seizure outcomes after radiosurgery

Short summary of management strategy

Summary

Chapter 5: Surgical management

Background.

Risk of hemorrhage and outcomes of hemorrhage in untreated bAVM

Surgery to reduce risk of seizure

bAVM associated with proximal intracranial aneurysms

Risk of surgery

Who benefits from surgery?

Who does not benefit from surgery?

Who may be considered for surgery, but in whom evidence for benefit is uncertain?

Performance of surgery

Principles underlying competent surgery

Technical execution of microsurgery

Arachnoid dissection

Controlling blood vessels in the sulci

Corticotomy

White-matter dissection

Final surgical hemostasis

Preoperative functional imaging, intraoperative angiography, and indocyanine green angiography

Perioperative surgical management

Chapter 6: Endovascular management of arteriovenous malformations

Patient evaluation

Patient and clinical factors

Angiographic factors

Summary of key features germane to embolization

Clinical decision making

Surgical treatment

Embolization as an adjunct to surgical treatment

Radiosurgical treatment

Embolization as an adjunct to radiosurgical treatment

Embolization as sole therapy

Technical nuances

Patient outcomes

Chapter 7: Radiosurgery for the management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Obliteration after AVM radiosurgery

Adverse radiation effects after AVM radiosurgery

Latency-period hemorrhage after AVM radiosurgery

Grading systems for predicting outcomes after AVM radiosurgery

Spetzler-Martin grade

Radiosurgery-based AVM score

Virginia Radiosurgery AVM Scale

Seizure outcomes after AVM radiosurgery

Staged radiosurgery for large AVMs

Current controversies in AVM radiosurgery

Effect of prior embolization on AVM radiosurgery outcomes

Radiosurgery for unruptured AVMs

References.

Chapter 8: Multimodality management of cerebral arteriovenous malformations

Natural history and presentation of arteriovenous malformations

AVM grading scales

Major paradigms in arteriovenous malformation management

Microsurgical resection as monotherapy

Radiosurgery as monotherapy

Endovascular embolization as monotherapy

Observation and conservative management

Clinical decision making and multimodality treatment

EE followed by microsurgical resection

SRS followed by microsurgical resection

Microsurgical resection followed by SRS

EE followed by SRS

Other MMT studies

Pediatric AVM MMT

Eloquent location

The impact of ARUBA on the treatment of unruptured brain AVMs

Acknowledgments

Section 2: Cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas

Chapter 9: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and prognosis of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulas

Historic perspective

Pathogenesis and the role of venous sinus occlusion/thrombosis

Diagnostic evaluation and classification systems

Natural history and prognosis

Chapter 10: Surgical management of cerebral dural arteriovenous fistulae

Types of DAVFs

Clinical features and technical nuances based on DAVF type

Carotid-cavernous fistulae

Superior sagittal sinus DAVF

Sphenoparietal sinus DAVFs

Ethmoidal DAVFs

Galenic DAVFs

Straight sinus DAVFs

Torcular DAVFs

Tentorial sinus DAVFs

Superior petrosal sinus DAVFs

Incisural DAVFs

Infratentorial DAVFs

Transverse-sigmoid sinus DAVFs

Marginal sinus DAVFs

Inferior petrosal sinus DAVFs

Treatment decision making

Chapter 11: Endovascular management of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistulas

Aggressive DAVFs

Endovascular management

General tenets

Behavior and treatment by location

Transverse sigmoid DAVFs

Case example

Carotid-cavernous DAVFs

Superior sagittal sinus DAVFs

Tentorial DAVFs

Anterior cranial fossa (ethmoidal) DAVFs

Chapter 12: Radiosurgery for dural arteriovenous malformations

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Classification

Natural history

Radiosurgery for the management of DAVFs

Procedure

Outcomes following radiosurgery

Section 3: Spinal vascular malformations

Chapter 13: Classification and pathophysiology of spinal vascular malformations

Anatomy

The American/English/French connection and the Borden system

The Spetzler et al. classification system

Extradural sAVFs

Intradural dorsal sAVFs

Intradural ventral sAVFs

Extradural-intradural sAVMs

Intramedullary sAVMs

Conus medullaris sAVMs

Chapter 14: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic evaluation, and prognosis of spinal arteriovenous malformations

Spinal vascular anatomy

Anterior spinal artery

Posterior spinal arteries

Extradural AVFs

Intradural dorsal AVFs

Intradural ventral AVFs

Extradural-intradural AVMs

Intramedullary AVMs

Conus medullaris AVMs

Chapter 15: Spinal arteriovenous malformations: surgical management

Treatment fundamentals

Endovascular collaboration

Perioperative monitoring and imaging.

Exposure and approach

Microsurgical technique and pial resection

Intramedullary arteriovenous malformations

Patient selection

Surgical technique

Outcomes

Extradural-intradural arteriovenous malformations

Conus arteriovenous malformations

Chapter 16: Endovascular treatment of spinal arteriovenous malformations

Classification schemes

Basic spinal vascular anatomy

Angioarchitecture by lesion type

Intramedullary spinal AVMs

Spinal epidural AVFs

Indications for treatment

Anesthesia considerations

General techniques of endovascular treatment

Embolic agent selection

Coils

Particles

NBCA or "glue

Onyx

Perioperative anticoagulation

Equipment choices

Principles of endovascular treatment

Lesion-Specific endovascular treatment

Postoperative care

Angiographic and clinical outcomes of endovascular therapy

Chapter 17: Radiosurgical ablation of spinal cord arteriovenous malformations

Pathophysiology and clinical presentation

Treatment modalities

Radiosurgical experiences

The stanford experience

Patient population

Radiosurgical technique

Follow-up evaluations.

Clinical outcomes.

Notes:

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Description based on online resource; title from PDF title page (ebrary, viewed June 21, 2017).

ISBN:

0-444-63643-9

0-444-63640-4